{"article":{"id":304,"title":"\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5723\u8bad\uff1f","slug":"sdaaf","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/zh-O que \u00e9 a Sunnah.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/zh-O que \u00e9 a Sunnah.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:sdaaf","hint":"","body":"

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5723\u8bad\uff1f<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\u662f\u5426\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff1f<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5723\u8bad\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

\u5185\u5bb9:<\/strong> \u672c\u6587\u6982\u8ff0\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f“\u5723\u8bad”\uff1f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5723\u8bad\u5728\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7acb\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1a“\u5723\u8bad”\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u79cd\u7c7b\u3002<\/span>
\u7531 \u963f\u5e03\u90fd·\u62c9\u8d6b\u66fc \u535a\u58eb\u7f16\u8f91\u5c0f\u7ec4(\u4eca\u65e5\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7f51\u7ad9)<\/span>
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\u5723\u8bad\uff0c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8bed\u4e3a“\u900a\u4e43”\uff08Sunnah\uff09\uff0c\u672c\u610f\u4e3a“\u9053\u8def”\uff08\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a“\u54c8\u5e95\u65af”\uff0c\u672c\u610f\u4e3a\u8a00\u8bed\u3002\uff09\u6839\u636e\u5723\u8bad\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5723\u8bad\u5c31\u662f\u5148\u77e5\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u4ed6\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u4eec\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u5916\u8868\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u6027\u683c\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3001\u4e3a\u5723\u4e4b\u524d\u548c\u4e3a\u5723\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u8baf\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4f7f\u8005\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ed6\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u573a\u5408\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u539f\u56e0\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u4e00\u5207\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ea\u51ed<\/strong>\u4e3e\u610f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u4e3e\u610f\u7684\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u5e03\u54c8\u91cc\u5723<\/strong>\u8bad\u5b9e\u5f55\u300b<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4f7f\u8005\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5982\u600e\u6837\u6d17\u5c0f\u51c0\u3001\u600e\u6837\u793c\u62dc\u3001\u600e\u6837\u671d\u89d0\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4f7f\u8005\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5723\u95e8\u5f1f\u5b50\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u4f7f\u8005\u540c\u610f\u3001\u6216\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u5723\u95e8\u5f1f\u5b50\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5982\u4f7f\u8005\u66fe\u6d3e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f1f\u5b50\u53bb\u767d\u5c3c·\u53e4\u83b1\u7956\u90e8\u843d(Bani-Quraydhah)\u3002\u4e34\u884c\u524d\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f1f\u5b50\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u4e0d\u8981\u793c\u54fa\u793c\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u8d76\u5230\u767d\u5c3c<\/strong>·<\/strong>\u53e4\u83b1\u7956\u90e8\u843d\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u5728\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u54fa\u793c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5230\u4e86\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u5c31\u8bf4\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u6709\u5230\u4e86\u767d\u5c3c·\u53e4\u83b1\u7956\u624d\u793c\u62dc\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ec5\u4ece\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3\u4f7f\u8005\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6545\u4ed6\u4eec\u63a8\u8fdf\u4e86\u54fa\u793c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5230\u8fbe\u767d\u5c3c·\u53e4\u83b1\u7956\u90e8\u843d\u540e\u624d\u793c\u4e86\u62dc\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u5219\u8bf4\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4f7f\u8005\u6697\u793a\u6211\u4eec\u5c3d\u5feb\u8d76\u8def\u3002\u6545\u4ed6\u4eec\u6309\u65f6\u793c\u4e86\u54fa\u793c\u62dc\u3002\u5f53\u4f7f\u8005\uff08\u613f\u4e3b\u798f\u5b89\u4e4b\uff09\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u540e\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6279\u8bc4\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u65b9\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u81f3\u4e8e\u4f7f\u8005\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u683c\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5723\u59bb\u963f\u4f9d\u838e\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0d\u4f53\u9762\u7684\u7c97\u91ce\u7684\u884c<\/strong>\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ece\u672a\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u5927\u58f0\u547c\u558a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u4ee5\u66b4\u529b\u5bf9\u4ed8\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u4ed6\u603b\u662f\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5927\u5ea6\uff0c\u5f6c\u5f6c\u6709\u793c\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u81f3\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4ed6\u5916\u8c8c\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5723\u95e8\u5f1f\u5b50\u827e\u4e43\u65af\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u7684\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u4e2d\u7b49\u8eab\u6750\uff0c\u4e0d<\/strong>\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4f4e\u3002\u4ed6\u9762\u8272\u5300\u79f0\uff0c\u65e2\u975e\u96ea\u767d\uff0c\u4ea6\u975e\u68d5\u7ea2\u3002\u4ed6\u5934\u53d1\u5982\u6d6a\u3002\u65e2\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u5377\u66f2\uff0c\u4ea6\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u758f\u76f4\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5723\u8bad\u4e0e\u542f\u793a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

\u5723\u8bad\uff08\u900a\u4e43\uff09\u540c\u6837\u662f\u5b89\u62c9\u7ed9\u4e88\u5148\u77e5\u7684\u542f\u793a\u3002\u5b89\u62c9\u5728\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“……<\/strong>\u4f60<\/strong>\u4eec\u5f53\u94ed\u8bb0\u5b89\u62c9\u6240\u8d50\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u6069\u60e0\uff0c\u94ed\u8bb0\u4ed6\u964d\u793a\u4f60\u4eec\u5929\u7ecf\u548c\u667a\u6167<\/strong>……”<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u53e4<\/strong>\u5170\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong>2<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong>231<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc“\u667a\u6167”\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u5723\u8bad\uff08\u900a\u4e43\uff09\u3002\u4f0a\u739b\u76ee\u6c99\u83f2\u4eea\u8bf4\uff1a“\u5b89\u62c9\u5728\u7ecf\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u5c31\u662f\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u6211\u4ece\u7814\u7a76\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u90a3\u91cc\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u7ecf\u6587\u4e2d\u7684“\u667a\u6167”\u5c31\u662f\u5148\u77e5\u7684\u5723\u8bad\uff08\u900a\u4e43\uff09\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5b89\u62c9\u53c8\u8bf4:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u5b89\u62c9\u786e\u5df2\u65bd\u6069\u4e8e\u4fe1\u58eb<\/strong>\u4eec\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u66fe\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u6d3e\u9063\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u65cf\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5ba3\u8bfb\u4ed6\u7684\u8ff9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u718f\u9676\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u6559\u6388\u4ed6\u4eec\u5929\u7ecf\u548c\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u786e\u662f\u5728\u660e\u663e\u7684\u8ff7\u8bef\u4e2d\u7684\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u53e4<\/strong>\u5170\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong>3<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong>164<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4ece\u524d\u9762\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u5b89\u62c9\u628a\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u548c\u667a\u6167\u542f\u793a\u7ed9\u4e86\u4f7f\u8005\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5b89\u62c9\u53c8\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u8005\u628a\u7ecf\u5178\u548c\u667a\u6167\u4f20\u8fbe\u7ed9\u4e16\u4eba\u3002\u7ecf\u6ce8\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u5723\u8bad\u5b66\u5bb6\u90fd\u628a“\u667a\u6167”\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4f7f\u8005\u7684\u5723\u8bad\uff08\u900a\u4e43\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u90fd\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1a\u5723\u8bad\u4e5f\u662f\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u542f\u793a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u9ea6\u514b\u80e1\u5c14\uff08Mak’hool\uff09\u4f20\u6765\u4e00\u6bb5\u5723\u8bad\uff0c\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u5b89\u62c9<\/strong>\u8d50\u4e88\u6211\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u53c8\u8d50\u4e88\u6211\u667a\u6167\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7c73\u683c\u8fbe\u59c6\uff08Al-Miqdam b. Ma’dee Karab\uff09\u4f20\u6765\u4e00\u6bb5\u5723\u8bad\uff0c\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u6211\u88ab<\/strong>\u8d50\u4e88\u4e86\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u88ab\u8d50\u4e88\u4e86\u4e0e\u7ecf\u5178\u4e00\u6837\u7684<\/strong>(<\/strong>\u667a\u6167<\/strong>)<\/strong>\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5e0c\u5c71·\u672c·\u963f\u63d0\u4e9a\uff08Hisan b. Atiyyah\uff09\u7684\u4f20\u8ff0\uff1a\u54f2\u5e03\u4f9d\u52d2\u5929\u4f7f\u8c61\u4f20\u9001\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u90a3\u6837\u628a“\u900a\u4e43”\u4f20\u9001\u7ed9\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4f7f\u8005\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u4e0d\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u6216\u5ff5\u5934\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u5b89\u62c9\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u542f\u793a\u3002\u4f7f\u8005\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u8d85\u4e4e\u5e38\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5f97\u5230\u542f\u793a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u5b89\u62c9\u5c31\u52a0\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u8def\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff0c\u5b89\u62c9\u5c31\u4e88\u4ee5\u7ea0\u6b63\u5e76\u6307\u5f15\u4ed6\u771f\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u54c8\u91cc\u53d1\u6b27\u9ed8\u5c14\u66fe\u5728\u8bb2\u6f14\u65f6\u8bf4\uff1a“\u4eba\u4eec\u554a\uff0c\u5148\u77e5\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u6b63\u786e\u65e0\u8bef\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5148\u77e5\u7684\u8a00\u884c\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u542f\u793a\u3002\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u53ea\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u8003\u548c\u731c\u6d4b\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5148\u77e5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u542f\u793a\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u77e5<\/strong>\u8bc6\u6027\u7684\u542f\u793a<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5b89\u62c9\u4ee5\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u542f\u793a\u544a\u8bc9\u5148\u77e5\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5728\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e0d\u914d\u4e0e\u5b89\u62c9<\/strong>\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u6216\u4ece\u5e37\u5e55\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u6216\u6d3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u8005\uff0c\u5949\u4ed6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u800c\u542f\u793a\u4ed6\u6240\u6b32\u542f\u793a\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u786e\u662f\u81f3\u5c0a\u7684\uff0c\u786e\u662f\u81f3\u777f\u7684\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u53e4<\/strong>\u5170\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong>42<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong>51<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5723\u59bb\u963f\u4f9d\u838e\u4f20\u8ff0\uff1a\u54c8\u91cc\u65af·\u672c·\u5e0c\u6c99\u59c6\u5411\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u8be2\u95ee\u542f\u793a\u964d\u793a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4f7f\u8005\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u6709<\/strong>\u65f6\u5929\u4f7f\u5230\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u8eab\u8fb9\u597d\u8c61\u6709\u94c3\u58f0\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6211\u662f\u6700\u8270\u96be\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u91cd\u7269\u538b\u8eab\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002\u5929\u4f7f\u79bb\u53bb\uff0c\u6211\u8bb0\u5176\u6240\u8a00\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5929\u4f7f\u5316\u4e3a\u4eba\u5f62\uff0c\u4e0e\u6211\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f20\u6388\u4e3b\u8c15\uff0c\u6211\u7262\u8bb0\u5728\u5fc3\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u963f\u4f9d\u838e\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u6211<\/strong>\u89c1\u5230\uff0c\u6bcf\u9022\u542f\u793a\u964d\u4e34\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u867d\u5728\u5bd2\u51ac\u814a\u6708\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\u7684\u989d\u4e0a\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6e17\u51fa\u6c57\u73e0\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5411\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u8bf7\u6559\u600e\u6837\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\u603b\u662f\u6c89\u9ed8\u4e0d\u8bed\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5b89\u62c9\u964d\u4e0b\u542f\u793a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4f4d\u9ea6\u52a0\u7684\u591a\u795e\u6559\u5f92\u5411\u4ed6\u8be2\u95ee\u7684\u6709\u5173\u7075\u9b42\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bdd\u4e5f\u6ca1\u8bf4\u76f4\u5230\u542f\u793a\u6765\u4e34\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u4ed6<\/strong>\u4eec\u95ee\u4f60\u7075\u9b42\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4f60\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong>‘<\/strong>\u7075\u9b42\u662f\u6211\u4e3b\u7684\u673a\u5bc6\u3002\u4f60<\/strong>\u4eec\u53ea\u83b7\u5f97\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/strong>’”<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u53e4<\/strong>\u5170\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong>17<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong>85<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6709\u4eba\u8fd8\u95ee\u5230\u5173\u4e8e\u9057\u4ea7\u5206\u914d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u7b54\u76f4\u5230\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u542f\u793a\u964d\u4e34\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“……<\/strong>\u5b89\u62c9<\/strong>\u4e3a\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u5b50\u5973\u800c\u547d\u4ee4\u4f60\u4eec\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7537\u5b50\uff0c\u5f97\u4e24\u4e2a\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ea1\u4eba\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5973\u5b50\uff0c\u90a3\u672b\uff0c\u5979\u4eec\u5171\u5f97\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c<\/strong>……”<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u53e4<\/strong>\u5170\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong>4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong>11<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

2\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u3001\u540c\u610f\u6027\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff1a<\/span><\/h3>\r\n

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\u4f7f\u8005\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u4eec\u7684\u8a00\u884c\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u5f97\u5230\u5b89\u62c9\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u8a00\u884c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f7f\u8005\u5728\u4e16\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u4eec\u505a\u4e86\u6709\u8fdd\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5b89\u62c9\u4e5f\u4e0b\u964d\u542f\u793a\u4e88\u4ee5\u8d23\u5907\u548c\u6307\u6b63\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u624e\u6bd4\u5c14\u7684\u4f20\u8ff0\uff1a“\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5148\u77e5\u65f6\u4ee3\u91c7\u53d6\u907f\u5b55\u63aa\u65bd\u3002”[1]<\/a> \u8fd9\u6bb5\u5723\u8bad\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u82cf\u798f\u626c\u8bf4\uff1a“\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u7c7b\u4e8b\u60c5\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u65e9\u5c31\u7981\u6b62\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u4e3a\u3002”\uff08\u8bd1\u8005\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u610f\u5473\u907f\u5b55\u884c\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7981\u6b62\uff09<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\r\n
\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> \u5c04\u7cbe\u524d\u53d6\u51fa\u9634\u830e\uff0c\u628a\u7cbe\u6db2\u6392\u6cc4\u5728\u9634\u6237\u5916\u9762\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5723\u8bad\u5728\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7acb\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5723\u8bad\u4e0e\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7acb\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u662f\u5b89\u62c9\u901a\u8fc7\u5929\u4f7f\u54f2\u5e03\u4f9d\u52d2\u96f6\u661f\u542f\u793a\u7ed9\u5148\u77e5\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\u662f\u65e0\u4ee5\u4f26\u6bd4\u7684\u5947\u8ff9\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u65e0\u53ef\u6000\u7591\u7684\u4f17\u4f20\u6027\u5386\u53f2\u4f20\u8ff0\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f20\u81f3\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5377\u518c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bf5\u8bfb\u5b83\u7684\u7ecf\u6587\u662f\u5bf9\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u656c\u62dc\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u529f\u4fee\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u81f3\u4e8e\u5723\u8bad\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u7531\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u6240\u4f20\u8fbe\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5723\u8bad\u662f\u5bf9\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u5f8b\u4f8b\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u5723\u8bad\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u4f7f\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5b89\u62c9\u9996\u80af\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5723\u8bad\u4e4b\u6e90\u4e5f\u662f\u542f\u793a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u793c\u62dc\u4e2d\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u8bf5\u8bfb\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u7ecf\u6587\uff0c\u5723\u8bad\u867d\u7136\u4e5f\u662f\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u793c\u62dc\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf5\u8bfb\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bf5\u8bfb\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u529f\u4fee\uff0c\u8bf5\u8bfb\u5723\u8bad\u53ef\u5609\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u529f\u4fee\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u5723\u8bad\u4e0e\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e00\u6837\u90fd\u662f\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u90fd\u5e94\u91cd\u89c6\u5e76\u9075\u4ece\u3001\u575a\u5b88\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4ece\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u4f18\u8d8a\u4e8e\u5723\u8bad\uff08\u900a\u4e43\uff09\uff1a\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u8bcd\u90fd\u662f\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff1b\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4ece\u5934\u81f3\u5c3e\u90fd\u662f\u5947\u8ff9\u3002\u800c\u5723\u8bad\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u8bcd\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0e\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5148\u77e5\u5bf9\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8be0\u91ca\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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\u5148\u77e5\u5728\u4e16\u65f6\uff0c\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e0e\u5723\u8bad\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6cd5\u4ee4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u5bf9\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u7684\u6cd5\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8f83\u4e3a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6761\u4ee4\u4e0d\u56e0\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u73af\u5883\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u53ea\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u8bba\u8ff0\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7ec6\u8282\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b21\u8981\u7684\u6cd5\u89c4\u3002\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u7b3c\u7edf\u5730\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e94\u5927\u529f\u4fee\uff0c\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5723\u8bad\u4e0e\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u5185\u5bb9\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5b83\u5256\u6790\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u6781\u5177\u6982\u62ec\u6027\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7ec6\u89e3\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u7b3c\u7edf\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u6ce8\u89e3\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3001\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u5723\u8bad\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e9b\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u672a\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5723\u8bad\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0e\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u539f\u5219\u6beb\u4e0d\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u5723\u8bad\u4f18\u5148\u89e3\u91ca\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u9648\u8ff0\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5723\u8bad\u662f\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u6027\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u89e3\u91ca\u5448\u73b0\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5723\u4eba\u7528\u884c\u52a8\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4ed6\u7528\u8c08\u8bdd\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u56de\u7b54\u4eba\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u67d0\u4f4d\u5723\u95e8\u5f1f\u5b50\u8bf4\u4e86\u67d0\u8bdd\uff0c\u505a\u4e86\u67d0\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\u65e2\u4e0d\u963b\u6b62\u4ed6\u90a3\u6837\u8bf4\u6216\u90a3\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u53cd\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u8bf4\u4e0e\u505a\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u52a0\u4ee5\u8ba4\u53ef\u6216\u8005\u4ed6\u7528\u8868\u626c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u80af\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4f4d\u95e8\u5f1f\u5b50\u7684\u8a00\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    \u5723\u8bad\u4ece\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\u660e\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u5b83\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u793c\u62dc\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u8df5\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3002\u5b89\u62c9\u5728\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u547d\u4ee4\u4fe1\u58eb\u793c\u62dc\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u793c\u62dc\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u793c\u62dc\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u5148\u77e5\u5728\u5723\u8bad\u4e2d\u6559\u6388\u7ed9\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4“<\/strong>\u4f60<\/strong>\u4eec\u770b\u6211\u600e\u6837\u793c\u62dc\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u5c31\u600e\u6837\u793c<\/strong>\u62dc\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5b89\u62c9\u5728\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u547d\u4ee4\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u671d\u89d0\u5929\u623f\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u671d\u89d0\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53ca\u4eea\u5f0f\u3002\u662f\u5148\u77e5\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u671d\u89d0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u671d\u89d0\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a“<\/strong>\u4f60<\/strong>\u4eec\u4ece\u6211\u8eab\u4e0a\u5b66\u4e60\u4f60\u4eec\u671d\u89d0\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5b89\u62c9\u5728\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u5929\u8bfe\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u8bf4\u660e\u54ea\u4e9b\u8d22\u4ea7\u9700\u8981\u51fa\u5929\u8bfe\uff1f\u8fbe\u5230\u591a\u5c11\u6570\u91cf\u9700\u8981\u51fa\u5929\u8bfe\uff1f\u51fa\u591a\u5c11\uff1f\u4f55\u65f6\u51fa\uff1f\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u5728\u5723\u8bad\u4e2d\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5723\u8bad\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3002\u5b89\u62c9\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u5b89\u62c9<\/strong>\u4e3a\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u5b50\u5973\u800c\u547d\u4ee4\u4f60\u4eec\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7537\u5b50\uff0c\u5f97\u4e24\u4e2a\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ea1\u4eba\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5973\u5b50\uff0c\u90a3\u672b\uff0c\u5979\u4eec\u5171\u5f97\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5973\u5b50\uff0c\u90a3\u672b\uff0c\u5979\u5f97\u4e8c\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00<\/strong>……”<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u53e4<\/strong>\u5170\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong>4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong>11<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5b9a\u770b\u4f3c\u5f88\u5177\u4f53\uff0c\u5f88\u8be6\u7ec6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\u548c\u5973\u513f\u90fd\u662f\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u5723\u8bad\u4e2d\u5bf9\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u6709\u66f4\u52a0\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5b9a\u53c8\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u9650\u5b9a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5723\u8bad\u89c4\u5b9a\u5148\u77e5\u7684\u513f\u5973\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ee7\u627f\u5148\u77e5\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\uff0c\u5148\u77e5\u8bf4\uff1a“<\/strong>\u6211<\/strong>\u4eec\u4f17\u5148\u77e5\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u9057\u7559\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u8d22\u4ea7\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u65bd\u820d\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5723\u8bad\u8fd8\u89e3\u91ca\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u6bd4\u8f83\u6a21\u7cca\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5b89\u62c9\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“……<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u4f60<\/strong>\u4eec\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u6c34\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u5c31\u5f53\u8d8b\u5411\u6e05\u6d01\u7684\u5730\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u7528\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u571f\u6478\u8138\u548c\u624b<\/strong>……”<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u53e4<\/strong>\u5170\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong>5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong>6<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u8fd9\u6bb5\u7ecf\u6587\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u6d17\u624b\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u6478\u624b\u81f3\u624b\u8155\u8fd8\u662f\u81f3\u624b\u81c2\uff1f\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u5723\u8bad\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a\u571f\u51c0\u65f6\u6478\u624b\u81f3\u624b\u8155\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5723\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u571f\u51c0\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5723\u8bad\u5728\u6307\u51fa\u793c\u62dc\u3001\u5929\u8bfe\u3001\u658b\u6212\u548c\u671d\u89d0\u4eea\u5f0f\u90fd\u662f\u4e3b\u547d\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u793c\u62dc\u3001\u5929\u8bfe\u3001\u658b\u6212\u3001\u671d\u89d0\u4eea\u5f0f\u7b49\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5723\u8bad\u4e0d\u4f46\u5f3a\u8c03\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u4f5c\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5b9a\u867d\u4e0d\u662f\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4f9d\u7136\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8f85\u52a9\u6027\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5723\u8bad\u7981\u6b62\u51fa\u552e\u672a\u6210\u719f\u7684\u679c\u7269\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6cd5\u4ee4\u5728\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u662f\u6709\u6839\u636e\u7684\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“……<\/strong>\u4f60<\/strong>\u4eec\u4e0d\u8981\u501f\u8bc8\u672f\u800c\u4fb5\u8680\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u8d22\u4ea7\uff0c\u60df\u501f\u53cc\u65b9\u540c\u610f\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u9664\u5916\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u53e4<\/strong>\u5170\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong>4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong>29<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u53c8\u5982\u5723\u8bad\u7981\u6b62\u5403\u5bb6\u9a74\u8089\u4e0e\u51f6\u731b\u79bd\u517d\u7684\u8089\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u540c\u65f6\u5a36\u4e00\u4e2a\u5973\u5b50\u548c\u5979\u7684\u59d1\u5988\u6216\u59e8\u5988\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5b9a\u5728\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u53ca\u3002\u4f46\u8bf8\u5982\u6b64\u7c7b\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0d\u6298\u4e0d\u6263\u5730\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4e09\u3001\u9075\u5723\u8bad\u5c31\u662f\u9075\u4e3b\u547d<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

\u4fe1\u4f7f\u8005\u610f\u5473\u7740\u63a5\u53d7\u4f7f\u8005\u6240\u4f20\u8fbe\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u5b89\u62c9\u4ece\u4ed6\u7684\u4ec6\u4eba\u4e2d\u9009\u62d4\u4e86\u4f7f\u8005\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\u5411\u4eba\u7c7b\u4f20\u8fbe\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5b89\u62c9\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“……<\/strong>\u5b89\u62c9\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u5b89\u7f6e\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u7684<\/strong>……”<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u53e4<\/strong>\u5170\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong>6<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong>124<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5b89\u62c9\u53c8\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u4f7f\u8005<\/strong>\u4eec\u53ea\u8d1f\u660e\u767d\u7684\u4f20\u8fbe\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u53e4<\/strong>\u5170\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong>16<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong>35<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5b89\u62c9\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f7f\u8005\u4e0d\u72af\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f7f\u8005\u7684\u53e3\u820c\u53ea\u8bf4\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\u7684\u80a2\u4f53\u53ea\u505a\u6b63\u4e49\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3002\u4f7f\u8005\u4e0d\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u4e0e\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u80cc\u9053\u800c\u9a70\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\u6216\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u5b89\u62c9\u9020\u5316\u7684\u4eba\u5f53\u4e2d\u6700\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5728\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u6709\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u4ee5\u6ca1\u843d\u7684\u661f\u5bbf\u76df\u8a93\uff0c\u4f60<\/strong>\u4eec\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u65e2\u4e0d\u8ff7\u8bef\u53c8\u4e0d\u8ff7\u4fe1\uff0c\u4e5f\u672a\u968f\u79c1\u6b32\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4ed6\u6240\u53d7\u7684\u542f\u793a<\/strong>”<\/strong> <\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u53e4<\/strong>\u5170\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong>53<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong>1-4<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5723\u8bad\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u548c\u56f0\u96be\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u4f20\u64ad\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u4e3b\u6301\u6b63\u4e49\u3002\u6124\u6012\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4ed6\u5f00\u73a9\u7b11\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ece\u4e0d\u8bf4\u865a\u4f2a\u7684\u8bdd\u3002\u4ed6\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5b89\u5371\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4e5f\u4ece\u672a\u8ba9\u4ed6\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u6709\u5931\u516c\u6b63\u3002\u4ed6\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u662f\u535a\u53d6\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u559c\u60a6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u963f\u5e03\u90fd\u62c9·\u672c·\u963f\u6155\u5c14\uff08Abdullah b. Amr b. al-Aas\uff09\u4f20\u8ff0\uff1a\u4ed6\u8bf4\u4ed6\u66fe\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f7f\u8005\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u8bdd\uff0c\u53e4\u83b1\u6c0f\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u9996\u9886\u4eec\u7981\u6b62\u4ed6\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\uff1a“\u4f60\u8bb0\u4e0b\u4f7f\u8005\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51e1\u4eba\uff0c\u4f60\u8fde\u4ed6\u751f\u6c14\u65f6\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\u4e5f\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u6765\u5417\uff1f”\u963f\u5e03\u90fd\u62c9\u9042\u505c\u6b62\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f7f\u8005\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u6b64\u4e8b\u544a\u8bc9\u4e86\u4f7f\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u8005\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u4f60<\/strong>\u8bb0\u5f55\u5427\uff0c\u4ee5\u638c\u7ba1\u6211\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5b89\u62c9\u53d1\u8a93<\/strong>”<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\u6307\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u53e3<\/strong>\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong>“<\/strong>\u4ece<\/strong>\u8fd9\u91cc\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u771f\u7406\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6839\u636e\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u3001\u5723\u8bad\u548c\u4f17\u6cd5\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u516c\u8bae\uff0c\u670d\u4ece\u4f7f\u8005\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e3b\u547d\u3002\u5b89\u62c9\u5728\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“<\/strong>\u4fe1\u9053\u7684\u4eba<\/strong>\u4eec\u554a\uff01\u4f60\u4eec\u5f53\u670d\u4ece\u5b89\u62c9\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u670d<\/strong>\u4ece\u4f7f\u8005\u548c\u4f60<\/strong>\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u4e8b\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4eec\u4e3a\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u800c\u4e89\u6267\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u4f7f\u90a3\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5f52\u5b89\u62c9\u548c\u4f7f\u8005<\/strong>[<\/strong>\u5224\u51b3<\/strong>]<\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60<\/strong>\u4eec\u786e\u4fe1\u5b89\u62c9\u548c\u672b\u65e5\u7684\u8bdd\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f60\u4eec\u662f\u88e8\u76ca\u66f4\u591a\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u7ed3\u679c\u66f4\u7f8e\u7684\u3002<\/strong>”<\/strong>\uff08\u300a\u53e4<\/strong>\u5170\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong>4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong>59<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

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