{"article":{"id":2932,"title":"\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u8005","slug":"sddgsdgsgfg","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/zh-The Talmud and Its Authors.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/zh-The Talmud and Its Authors.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:sddgsdgsgfg","hint":"","body":"

\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

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\"TalmudandItsAuthors.jpg\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bfb\u7269\u3002\u300a\u5927\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u300b\u63d0\u5230\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u672f\u8bed“\u5854\u6728\u5fb7”\u65f6\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u53e4\u4ee3\u6559\u4e49\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\uff0c\u88ab\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u89c6\u4e3a\u795e\u5723\uff0c\u4ece\u6c47\u7f16\u5230\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u8654\u8bda\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u5f92\u6240\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002[1]<\/a>  \u62c9\u6bd4\u96c5\u683c·\u7ebd\u65af\u7eb3\u535a\u58eb\u8bf4\uff1a“\u5b83\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6587\u732e\u3002”[2]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5df4\u6bd4\u4f26\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u548c\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u53cd\u8bfd\u8c24\u8054\u76df\u8bf4\uff0c\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7248\u672c\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u5df4\u6bd4\u4f26\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7f16\u8457\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u4f4f\u5728\u53e4\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7f16\u8457\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5df4\u6bd4\u4f26\u7248\u672c\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u8f83\u4e3a\u6743\u5a01\u3002\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u7248\u672c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u6b63\u7edf\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u5b66\u6821\u4e5f\u4e0d\u88ab\u91cd\u89c6\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8d44\u6df1\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u5b66\u8005\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65f6\u7814\u7a76\u5b83\u3002[3]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6c99\u5948\u514b\u6559\u6388\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5bc6\u897f\u62ff\uff0c\u516d\u5377\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u8bed\u8457\u8ff0\uff0c\u6bcf\u5377\u542b\u6570\u4e2a\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u4e3a\u6559\u5f8b\u65e9\u671f\u53e3\u5934\u9610\u91ca\u7684\u6536\u5f55\uff0c\u6210\u4e66\u4e8e\u7ea6\u516c\u5143200\u5e74\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6ce8\u91ca\u7bc7\u3002\u5df4\u6bd4\u4f26\u6ce8\u91ca\u7bc7\u5f62\u6210\u4e8e\u7ea6\u516c\u5143200\u5e74\u5230500\u5e74\u3002\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u6ce8\u91ca\u7bc7\u5f62\u6210\u4e8e\u7ea6\u516c\u5143200\u5e74\u5230\u516c\u5143500\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\u5df4\u6bd4\u4f26\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\uff08\u5bc6\u897f\u62ff\u548c\u5df4\u6bd4\u4f26\u6ce8\u91ca\u7bc7\uff09\u6bd4\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u66f4\u4e3a\u8be6\u5c3d\u6709\u5e8f\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6700\u6709\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6743\u5a01\u7ea7\u522b\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u88ab\u5927\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u88ab\u4e24\u7248\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u7684\u7f16\u8005\u7701\u7565\u3002”[4]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5176\u4ed6\u4f5c\u8005\u4e5f\u786e\u8ba4\u5df4\u6bd4\u4f26\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u66f4\u6709\u6743\u5a01\uff1a“\u5df4\u6bd4\u4f26\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u6bd4\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u66f4\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u6000\u7591\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u66f4\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002”[5]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u7684\u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

\u6839\u636e\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u662f\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u6559\u4e49\u7684\u4e66\u9762\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u90a3\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u6559\u4e49\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u72b9\u592a\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u300b\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\uff1a“\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u6d3e\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u6709\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u662f\u6700\u5927\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b83\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u6559\u4e49\u7684\u8981\u70b9\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u800c1905\u5e74\u300a\u72b9\u592a\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u300b\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\uff1a“\u516c\u514370\u5e74\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u53e4\u795e\u6bbf\u88ab\u6bc1\uff0c\u6492\u90fd\u8be5\u6d3e\u968f\u4e4b\u6d88\u4ea1\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u72b9\u592a\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u76d1\u7ba1\u6743\u90fd\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e86\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u88ab\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u63a7\u5236\u7740\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u5386\u53f2\u4e5f\u6839\u636e\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u88ab\u91cd\u7f16\u4e86\u3002\u72b9\u592a\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u6362\u4e86\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c\u65b0\u4f20\u7edf\u66ff\u6362\u539f\u6709\u7684\u796d\u7940\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u4ece\u6b64\u4e4b\u540e\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u6d3e\u4eba\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u62c9\u6bd4\u8fc8\u514b·\u7f57\u91d1\u68ee\u8bf4\uff1a“\u8036\u7a23\u65e9\u5e74\u7684\u6587\u732e\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u5417\uff1f\u8036\u7a23\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u3001\u58f0\u660e\u3001\u63a8\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u4e3b\u9898\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5728\u9ed8\u9ed8\u7684\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c89\u601d\u672a\u6765\u4f7f\u547d\u65f6\u6240\u4e0b\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u8fd8\u80fd\u52a0\u4ee5\u56de\u987e\u5417\uff1f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8be2\u95ee\uff0c\u6709\u5b66\u8bc6\u7684\u62c9\u6bd4\u901a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u6765\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e90\u6cc9\uff0c\u8036\u7a23\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u5f15\u4f38\u51fa\u6559\u4e49\u6765\u62ef\u6551\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u53d8\u5f97\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\uff1f\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u5f62\u6210\u4e8e\u8036\u7a23\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5148\u8d24\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u90a3\u662f\u4ed6\u5e38\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u3002”[6]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u524d\u9662\u957f\uff0c\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u8bb2\u5e08\uff0c\u62c9\u6bd4\u8def\u6613\u65af·\u82ac\u67ef\u65af\u5766\u535a\u58eb\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 “\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u6d3e\u53d8\u6210\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u6d3e\uff0c\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u6d3e\u53d8\u6210\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u62c9\u6bd4\u6d3e\uff0c\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u62c9\u6bd4\u6d3e\u53d8\u6210\u73b0\u4ee3\u62c9\u6bd4\u6d3e\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u540d\u5b57\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4e60\u60ef\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u53e4\u4ee3\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u7cbe\u795e\u672a\u53d8\u3002\u5f53\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7948\u7977\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf5\u5ff5\u7684\u662f\u524d\u9a6c\u52a0\u6bd4\u5b66\u8005\u5907\u597d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1b\u5f53\u4ed6\u7a7f\u4e0a\u8d4e\u7f6a\u65e5\u548c\u903e\u8d8a\u8282\u7684\u6597\u7bf7\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7a7f\u7684\u662f\u53e4\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u7684\u8282\u65e5\u76db\u88c5\uff1b\u5f53\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u518d\u73b0\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u65e7\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002”[7]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u636e\u4f20\u8ff0\uff0c\u8036\u7a23\u5f3a\u70c8\u8c34\u8d23\u8fd9\u4e00\u6559\u6d3e\u7684\u7267\u5e08\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“\u4f60\u4eec\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u7236\u9b54\u9b3c\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u7236\u7684\u79c1\u6b32\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u504f\u8981\u884c\u3002\u4ed6\u4ece\u8d77\u521d\u662f\u6740\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b88\u771f\u7406\u3002\u56e0\u4ed6\u5fc3\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u8c0e\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u56e0\u4ed6\u672c\u6765\u662f\u8bf4\u8c0e\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8bf4\u8c0e\u4e4b\u4eba\u7684\u7236\u3002”\uff08\u300a\u7ea6\u7ff0\u798f\u97f3\u300b 8:44\uff09<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u636e\u4f20\u8ff0\uff0c\u8036\u7a23\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u8ba9\u795e\u7684\u8beb\u547d\u65e0\u6548\uff0c“\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u4eba\u7684\u5429\u5490\uff0c\u5f53\u4f5c\u9053\u7406\u6559\u5bfc\u4eba\u3002”(\u300a\u9a6c\u592a\u798f\u97f3\u300b15: 9)\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8c34\u8d23\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u70b9\u76ae\u6bdb\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u300a\u9a6c\u592a\u798f\u97f3\u300b23\u7ae0\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d3e\u7684\u97ad\u631e\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u6d3e\u6bd4\u4f5c\u767d\u8272\u575f\u5893\uff0c\u91d1\u7389\u5176\u5916\u8d25\u7d6e\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c“\u91cc\u9762\u5168\u662f\u6b7b\u5c38\u548c\u6c61\u57a2\u3002”\u4ed6\u8c34\u8d23\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u662f“\u5492\u9a82\uff0c\u4f2a\u541b\u5b50\u3002”\u4ed6\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u662f\u6740\u6b7b\u5148\u77e5\u4eec\u7684\u6740\u624b\u4eec\u7684\u540e\u4ee3\u3002\u4ed6\u9884\u8a00\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u88ab\u6740\uff0c\u9489\u6b7b\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4e9a\u4f2f\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u4e49\u8840\u6d41\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u8eab\u4e0a\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u6240\u6709\u7f6a\u6076\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u8d23\u9a82\uff1a“\u4f60\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6bd2\u86c7\u8d25\u7c7b\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u80fd\u9003\u8131\u5730\u72f1\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u5462\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> \u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u548c\u5723\u7ecf\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002\u300a\u5927\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u300b2006\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a> \u96c5\u683c·\u7ebd\u65af\u7eb3\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u5982\u4f55\u5f62\u6210\u300b(\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f·\u5e03\u91cc\u5c14\u30022002\u5e749\u6708<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[3]<\/a> \u300a\u53cd\u8bfd\u8c24\u8054\u76df,\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u8fa9\u8bba\u672f\u4e2d\u7684\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u300b2003 (http:\/\/www.adl.org\/presrele\/asus%5F12\/the_talmud.pdf)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[4]<\/a> \u96c5\u5404·\u6c99\u5948\u514b\u6559\u6388\u300a\u72b9\u592a\u5386\u53f2\u72b9\u592a\u6559: \u4e09\u5343\u5e74\u4e4b\u91cd\u300b(\u535a\u5c14\u5fb7\uff1a\u666e\u6d1b\u6258\u51fa\u7248\uff0c1994)\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[5]<\/a> \u7a46\u8428\u592b·\u5b89\u5fb7\u9c81\u65af\u300a\u4ece\u8ba8\u62c9\u7279\u5230\u5361\u5df4\u62c9\u6559\u4e49\uff1a\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u300b40\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[6]<\/a> \u62c9\u6bd4\u8fc8\u514b·\u7f57\u91d1\u68ee\u300a\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u300b2\u537770\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[7]<\/a> \u62c9\u6bd4\u8def\u6613\u65af·\u82ac\u67ef\u65af\u5766\u535a\u58eb\u300a\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba: \u8be5\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u80cc\u666f\u300b21\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

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