{"title":"Salman the Persian","author":{"id":3193,"name":"Salman the Persian","slug":"salman_the_persian","image":"\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","role":"Author","about":"","promote":0,"status":1,"created_at":"2014-10-17T08:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2014-10-17T08:00:00.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","get_name":"Salman the Persian"},"books":{"current_page":1,"data":[],"first_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/div\/api\/authors\/3193?books_page=1","from":null,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/div\/api\/authors\/3193?books_page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"« Previous","page":null,"active":false},{"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/div\/api\/authors\/3193?books_page=1","label":"1","page":1,"active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next »","page":null,"active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/div\/api\/authors\/3193","per_page":25,"prev_page_url":null,"to":null,"total":0},"videos":{"current_page":1,"data":[],"first_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/div\/api\/authors\/3193?videos_page=1","from":null,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/div\/api\/authors\/3193?videos_page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"« Previous","page":null,"active":false},{"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/div\/api\/authors\/3193?videos_page=1","label":"1","page":1,"active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next »","page":null,"active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/div\/api\/authors\/3193","per_page":25,"prev_page_url":null,"to":null,"total":0},"audios":{"current_page":1,"data":[],"first_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/div\/api\/authors\/3193?audios_page=1","from":null,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/div\/api\/authors\/3193?audios_page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"« Previous","page":null,"active":false},{"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/div\/api\/authors\/3193?audios_page=1","label":"1","page":1,"active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next »","page":null,"active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/div\/api\/authors\/3193","per_page":25,"prev_page_url":null,"to":null,"total":0},"articles":{"current_page":1,"data":[{"id":2537,"title":"Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia","slug":"salman-the-persian-zoroastrian-persia","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/en-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/en-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:salman-the-persian-zoroastrian-persia","hint":"","body":"

Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\"\"
<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 (part 1 of 2): From Zoroastrianism to Christianity<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

The blessed Companion of the Prophet Muhammad, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, Salman al-Farisi narrates[1]<\/a>  his journey to Islam as follows:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“I was a Persian man from the people of Isfahaan[2]<\/a>  from a town known as Jayi.  My father was the town chief.  To him, I was the most beloved creature of God.  His love for me reached the point to which he trusted me to supervise the fire[3]<\/a> he lit.  He would not let it die down.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

My father owned a large area of fertile land.  One day, while busy with his construction, he told me to go to his land and fulfill some chores he desired.  On my way to his land, I came across a Christian church.  I heard the sound of people praying inside.  I did not know how people lived outside, for my father kept me confined to his house!  So when I came across those people [in the church] and I heard their voices, I went inside to watch what they were doing.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

When I saw them, I liked their prayers and became interested in their religion.  I said [to myself], “By God, this religion is better than that of ours.”  By God, I did not leave them until sunset.  I did not return to my father’s Land.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

I asked [i.e., the people of the church].  “From where did this religion originate?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“They said, ‘In Al-Shaam.’[4]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

I returned to my father who had become worried and sent [someone] after me.  Upon my arrival, he said, ‘O son!  Where have you been?  Didn’t I entrust you with an assignment?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

I said, “My father, I came across some people praying in their church and I liked their religion.  By God I stayed with them until sunset.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

My father said, “My Son!  There is no good in that religion; the religion of you and your forefathers’ is better.’ ”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“No, by God, it is better than our religion.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

He threatened me, chained me by my feet and kept me confined to his home.  I sent a message to the Christians requesting them to inform me of the arrival of any Christian trade caravan coming from Al-Shaam.  A trade caravan arrived and they informed me, so I then told [the Christians] to let me know once the people of the caravan finish their business and set off to return to their country.  I [indeed] was informed [by them] when the people of Al-Shaam finished their business and were about to set off to their country, so I then let loose the chains from my feet and accompanied [the caravan] until we reached Al-Shaam.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Upon my arrival I asked, “Who is the best amongst the people of this religion [of yours]?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

They said, “The bishop.  [He is] in the church.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

I went to him and said, “I like this religion, and I would love to be with you and serve you in your church, in order that I may learn from you and pray with you.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

He said, “You may enter and stay with me,” so I joined him.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

After some time, Salman discovered something of the bishop.  He was a bad man who ordered and motivated his people to pay charity, only to keep it for himself.  He did not give it to the poor.  He had heaped up seven jars of gold and silver!  Salman continued:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

I despised him because of his deeds.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

He [the bishop] died.  The Christians gathered to bury him.  I informed them that he was a bad man who ordered and motivated people to give him their charity only to keep it for himself, and that he did not give any of it to the poor.  They said, “How do you know this?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

I replied, “I can show you his treasure.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

They said, “Show us!”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

I showed them the place [where he kept it] and they recovered from it seven jars heaped up with gold and silver.  When they saw it they said, “By God we will never bury him.”  So they crucified him and stoned him.[5]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

They replaced their bishop.  I never saw anyone [from them] who prayed better than him [the new bishop]; nor a man more detached from this worldly life and attached to the Hereafter, nor a person more committed to working day and night.  I loved him more than anyone else I loved before.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

I stayed with him for sometime before his death.  When his death approached I told him, “O [so and so], I stayed with you and loved you more than anything else I loved before.  Now the Decree of God [i.e., death] has come, so who do you recommend for me [to keep to], and with what do you order me?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The bishop said “By God!  People are in total loss; they have altered and changed [the religion] they were upon.  I do not know of anyone who is still holding to the religion I am upon except a man in al-Musil,[6]<\/a>  so join him [and he gave me his name].”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

When the man died, Salman moved to al-Musil and met the person he recommended…<\/span><\/p>\r\n

I said to him, “[Such & such person] at the time of his death  recommended me to join you.  He told me that you are holding to the same [religion] as him.”  I stayed with him and found him to be the best man holding on to the matter [religion]of his  companion.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Soon he died.  When death approached him, Salman requested of him [as he did earlier with his first companion] to recommend another person who was upon the same religion.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The man said, “By God!  I don’t know of anyone on the same matter [religion] as ours except a man in Naseebeen[7]<\/a>  and his name is [such and such], so go and join him.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Following his death, I traveled to the man of Naseebeen.”  Salman found the man and stayed with him for a while.  The same incidents occurred.  Death approached and before he died, Salman came to the man and asked for his advice as to whom and where to go.  The man recommended that Salman join another man in Amuria[8]<\/a>  who was also upon the same religion.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman moved to Amuria after his companion died.  He found his new reference and joined him on his religion.  Salman [at that time] worked and, “earned some cows and one sheep.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Death approached the man of Amuria.  Salman repeated his requests, but [this time] the answer was different.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The man said, “O son!  I don’t know of anyone who is upon the same [religion] as we are.  However, a Prophet will emerge in your lifetime, and this Prophet is on the same religion as Abraham.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The man described this Prophet, saying, “He will be sent with the same religion as Abraham.  He will come from the land of Arabia and will migrate to a place located in between two lands filled with black stones [as if burned by fire].  There are palm trees spread in the midst of these two lands.  He can be recognized by certain signs.  He [will accept] and eat [from] the [food] which has been given as a gift, but will not eat from charity.  The seal of Prophethood will be between his shoulders.  If you can move to that land, then do so.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\r\n
\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> Al-Haithami collected this narration in Majma’ Al-Zawa’id<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a> Isfahaan: A Region in northwest Iran.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[3]<\/a>  His father was a Magean who worshipped fire.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[4]<\/a> Al-Shaam: It encompasses the areas known today as Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, and Jordan<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[5]<\/a> An important point to note here is that Salman did not turn away from what he thought was the truth at that time because of the ac­tions of one person. He did not say, “Look at these Christians! The best of them is so evil!” Rather, he understood that he had to judge the religion by its beliefs, and not by its adherents.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[6]<\/a> Al-Musil: A major city in northwest Iraq.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[7]<\/a> Naseebeen: A city on the road between Al-Musil and Al-Shaam.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[8]<\/a> Amuria: A town that was part of the Eastern Region of the Roman Empire.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(part 2 of 2): From Christianity to Islam<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

The man died, and Salman stayed in Amuria.  One day, “Some merchants from the tribe of Kalb[1]<\/a>  passed by me,” Salman said, “I told them, ‘Take me to Arabia and I will give you my cows and the only sheep I have.’”  They said, “Yes.”  Salman gave them what he offered, and they took him with them.  When they reached Waadi al-Quraa [close to Medinah], they sold him as a slave to a Jewish man.  Salman stayed with the Jew, and he saw the Palm trees [his previous companion had described].<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“I hoped that this would be the same place described by my companion.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

One day, a man who was a first cousin to Salman’s master from the Jewish tribe of Bani Quraidha in Medinah came visiting.  He bought Salman from his Jewish master.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“He took me with him to Medina.  By God!  When I saw it, I knew it was the place my companion described.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Then God sent[2]<\/a>  His Messenger [i.e., Muhammad, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him].  He stayed in Mecca as long as he did.[3]<\/a>  I did not hear anything about him because I was very busy with the work of slavery, and then he migrated to Medina.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[One day,] I was on a palm-tree on top of one of its date-clusters doing some work for my master.  A first cousin of his came and stood in front of him [his master was sitting] and said, “Woe to Bani Qeelah [people of the tribe Qeelah], they are gathered in Qibaa”[4]<\/a>  around a man who came today from Mecca claiming to be a Prophet!”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

I trembled so fiercely when I heard him that I feared that I would fall on my master.  I descended and said, ‘What are you saying!?  What are you saying!?’<\/span><\/p>\r\n

My master became angry and punched me hard saying, “What business do you have in this [matter]? Go and mind your business.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

I said, “Nothing!  I just wanted to be sure of what he was saying.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

On that evening, I went to see the Messenger of God while he was in Qibaa.  I took something with me which I had saved.  I went in and said, “I was told that you are a righteous man and that your company [who] are strangers [here] are in need.  I want to offer you something I saved as charity.  I found that you deserve it more than anyone else.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

I offered it to him; he said to his companions, “Eat,” but he himself kept his hand away [i.e., did not eat].  I said to myself, “This is one [i.e., one of the signs of his Prophethood].”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Following this encounter with the Prophet, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, Salman left to prepare for another test!  This time he brought a gift to the Prophet in Medina.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“I saw that you do not eat from that given as charity, so here is a gift with which I wish to honor you.”  The Prophet ate from it and ordered his companions to do the same, which they did.  I said to myself, “Now there are two [i.e., two of the signs of Prophethood].”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

On the third encounter, Salman came to Baqee-ul-Gharqad [a grave yard in Medina] where the Prophet, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, was attending the funeral of one of his companions.  Salman said:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“I greeted him [with the greeting of Islam: ‘Peace be upon you’], and then moved towards his back attempting to see the seal [of Prophethood] which was described to me by my companion.  When he saw me [doing so], he knew that I was trying to confirm something described to me.  He took the garment off his back and I looked at the seal.  I recognized it.  I fell down upon it, kissing it and crying.  The Messenger of God, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, told me to move around [i.e., to talk to him].  I told him my story as I did with you, Ibn ‘Abbaas [remember that Salman is telling his story to Ibn ‘Abbaas].  He [the Prophet] liked it so much he wanted me to tell my story to his companions.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

He was still a slave owned by his master.  The Prophet said to him, “Make a contract [with your master] for your freedom, O Salman.”  Salman obeyed and made a contract [with his master] for his freedom.  He reached an agreement with his master in which he would pay him forty ounces of gold and would plant and successfully raise three hundred new palm trees.  The Prophet then said to his companions, “Help your brother.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

They helped him with the trees and gathered for him the specified quantity.  The Prophet ordered Salman to dig the proper holes to plant the saplings, and then he planted each one with his own hands.  Salman said, “By Him in Whose hands is my soul [i.e., God], not a single tree died.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman gave the trees to his master.  The Prophet gave Salman a piece of gold that was the size of a chicken egg and said, “Take this, O Salman, and pay [i.e., your master] what you owe.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman said, “How much is this in regards to how much I owe!”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The Prophet said, “Take it!  God will [make it] equal to what you owe.”[5]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

I took it and I weighed a part of it and it was forty ounces.  Salman gave the gold to his master.  He fulfilled the agreement and he was released.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

From then on, Salman became one of the closest of companions to the Prophet.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The Search for the Truth<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

One of the great companions of the Prophet by the name of Abu Hurairah reported:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“We were sitting in the company of God’s Messenger when Surah al-Jumuah (Surah 62) was revealed.  He recited these words:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

“And [God has sent Muhammad also to] others who have not yet joined them (but they will come)…” (Quran 62:3)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

A person amongst them said, ‘O God’s Messenger!  Who are those who have not joined us?’<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

God’s Messenger made no reply.  Salman the Persian was amongst us.  The Messenger of God placed his hand on Salman and then said, ‘By the One in Whose Hands is my soul, even if faith were near Pleiades (the seven stars), men from amongst these [i.e. Salman’s folk] would surely attain it.” (At-Tirmidhi<\/em>)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Many in this world are like Salman, searching for the truth about the True and Only One God.  This story of Salman is similar to stories of people in our own time.  The search of some people took them from one church to another, from church to Buddhism or Passiveness, from Judaism to ‘Neutrality’, from religion to meditations to mental abuse.  There are those who shifted from one idea to another, but don’t even think of wanting to know something about Islam!  When they met some Muslims, however, they opened their minds.  The story of Salman is that of a long search.  You could make your search for truth shorter by benefiting from his.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\r\n
\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> An Arab tribe.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a> Salman has arrived in Medinah before Muhammad, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, was commissioned as a prophet.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[3]<\/a> Thirteen years after he received the revelation from God.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[4]<\/a> The outskirts of Medinah.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[5]<\/a> A miracle from God.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":14570,"lft":4857,"rght":4870,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-10-18T04:52:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-04T08:45:10.000000Z","language_id":1,"user_id":7,"author_id":3193,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":10,"parent_id":null,"author_name":"Salman the Persian","category_name":"Why I became a Muslim!","category_slug":"Why-I-became-a-Muslim!","get_date":"2014-10-18","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/en-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/en-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.docx"},{"id":2538,"title":"Salman el Persa, zoroastriano, Persia","slug":"salman-el-persa-zoroastriano-persia","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:salman-el-persa-zoroastriano-persia","hint":"","body":"

Salman el Persa, zoroastriano, Persia<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

<\/h1>\r\n

 (parte 1 de 2): Del zoroastrismo al cristianismo<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

El compañero bendito del Profeta Muhammad, que la misericordia y las bendiciones de Dios sean con él, Salman Al Farisi, narra[1]<\/a>  su viaje hacia el Islam de la siguiente forma:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Yo era un persa, del pueblo de Isfahán[2]<\/a>, de una ciudad llamada Jayi.  Mi padre era el jefe de la ciudad. Para él, yo era la criatura de Dios más amada. Su amor por mí llegó al punto de que él me confió la supervisión del fuego[3]<\/a>  que encendió. Nunca dejaría que se apagara.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Mi padre poseía una vasta tierra fértil. Un día, mientras estaba ocupado con su construcción, me dijo que fuera a su tierra y cumpliera algunas tareas que necesitaba. En mi camino a esa tierra, pasé por una iglesia cristiana. Escuché el sonido de la gente rezando adentro. No sabía cómo vivía la gente en el exterior, pues mi padre me mantenía confinado en su casa. De modo que cuando pasé cerca de esa gente [en la iglesia] y escuché sus voces, entré para ver qué estaban haciendo.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Cuando los vi, me gustaron sus rezos y me interesé en su religión. Me dije [a mí mismo]: ‘Por Dios, esta religión es mejor que la nuestra’. Y por Dios, que no los dejé hasta que anocheció. No volví a la tierra de mi padre.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Les pregunté [a la gente de la iglesia]: ‘¿De dónde proviene esta religión?’<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Dijeron: ‘De Ash-Sham<\/em>’[4]<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Regresé con mi padre quien estaba preocupado por mí. A mi llegada, me dijo: ‘¡Hijo mío! ¿Dónde has estado? ¿Acaso no te confié un encargo?’<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Le dije: ‘Padre, he pasado por donde una gente que rezaba en su iglesia y me ha gustado su religión. Por Dios que me he quedado con ellos hasta el anochecer.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Mi padre dijo: ‘Hijo mío, no hay nada bueno en esa religión, tu religión y la de tus antepasados es mejor’.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

‘No, por Dios, es mejor que nuestra religión’.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Él me amenazó, me encadenó por mis pies y me mantuvo encerrado en su casa. Envié un mensaje a los cristianos pidiéndoles que me informaran de la llegada de cualquier caravana comercial cristiana proveniente de Ash-Sham. Una caravana comercial llegó y ellos me informaron, así que les dije [a los cristianos] que me hicieran saber una vez la gente de la caravana terminara sus negocios y partieran de regreso a su país. Fui informado [por ellos] cuando la gente de Ash-Sham terminó sus negocios y partió hacia su país, de modo que me quité las cadenas de los pies y acompañé [a la caravana] hasta que llegamos a Ash-Sham.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

A mi llegada, pregunté: ‘¿Quién es el mejor entre la gente de esta religión [de ustedes]?’<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Me dijeron: ‘El Obispo. [Él está] en la iglesia’.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Fui con él y le dije: ‘Me gusta esta religión, y me encantaría estar contigo y servirte en tu iglesia, para así aprender de ti y rezar contigo’.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Él dijo: ‘Puedes entrar y quedarte conmigo’. Así que me uní a él”.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Después de un tiempo, Salman descubrió algo del obispo. Era un mal hombre que ordenaba y alentaba a su gente a pagar caridad solo para quedársela para sí mismo. No se la daba a los pobres. ¡Había acumulado siete potes de oro y de plata! Salman continuó:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Lo despreciaba debido a sus actos.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Él [el obispo] murió. Los cristianos se reunieron para enterrarlo. Les informé que había sido un mal hombre que había ordenado y motivado a la gente que diera caridad solo para guardársela él, y que no había dado nada a los pobres. Dijeron: ‘¿Cómo sabes esto?’<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Les respondí: ‘Puedo mostrarles su tesoro’.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Dijeron: ‘¡Muéstranos!’<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Les mostré el lugar [donde lo guardaba] y recuperaron de allí siete potes con oro y plata. Cuando los vieron, dijeron: ‘Por Dios que nunca lo enterraremos’. Así que lo crucificaron y lo lapidaron[5]<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ellos reemplazaron a su obispo. Nunca vi a ninguno [de ellos] que rezara mejor que él [el nuevo obispo], ni a un hombre más alejado de esta vida mundanal y más ligado al Más Allá, ni una persona más comprometida a trabajar día y noche. Lo amé más que a nadie.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Permanecí con él un tiempo antes de su muerte. Cuando estaba cerca de morir, le dije: ‘Oh [fulano], me he quedado contigo y te he amado más que a cualquier otro antes. Ahora el decreto de Dios [es decir, la muerte] ha llegado, así que, ¿qué me recomiendas [que mantenga], y qué me ordenas?’<\/span><\/p>\r\n

El obispo dijo: ‘¡Por Dios! La gente está totalmente perdida, han alterado y cambiado [la religión] que tenían. No sé de nadie que aún mantenga mi religión excepto por un hombre en Al Musil[6]<\/a>, así que úntele’ [y me dio su nombre]”.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Cuando el hombre murió, Salman se trasladó a Al Musil y conoció a la persona que él le recomendó…<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Le dije: ‘[Tal persona] en el momento de su muerte me recomendó que me uniera a ti. Me dijo que mantenías la misma [religión] que él’. Me quedé con él y encontré que era el mejor hombre que mantenía el asunto [religión] de su compañero”.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Pronto murió. Cuando la muerte estaba cerca, Salman le pidió [como había hecho antes con su primer compañero] que le recomendara a otra persona que mantuviera la misma religión.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“El hombre dijo: ‘¡Por Dios! No sé de nadie de la misma [religión] que la nuestra, excepto por un hombre en Nasibín[7]<\/a>, y su nombre es [tal]; así que ve y únetele’.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Tras su muerte, viajé buscando al hombre de Nasibín”. Salman encontró al hombre y se quedó con él por un tiempo. Ocurrieron los mismos incidentes. La muerte se le acercó y antes que muriera, Salman le pidió al hombre que lo aconsejara con quién y a dónde ir. El hombre le recomendó que se uniera a un hombre en Amuria[8]<\/a> que también mantenía la misma religión.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman se trasladó a Amuria después que su compañero murió. Encontró a esta otra persona y se le unió en su religión. Salman [en ese momento] trabajó y ganó “algunas vacas y una oveja”.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

La muerte se acercó al hombre de Amuria. Salman repitió sus pedidos, pero [esta vez] la respuesta fue diferente.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“El hombre dijo: ‘¡Oh, hijo! No sé de nadie que mantenga nuestra misma religión. Sin embargo, un Profeta surgirá durante tu vida, y este Profeta es de la misma religión de Abraham’.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

El hombre describió a este Profeta diciendo: ‘Será enviado con la misma religión de Abraham. Vendrá de la región de Arabia y emigrará hacia un lugar ubicado entre dos tierras llenas de piedras negras [como quemadas por fuego]. Hay árboles de palmeras extendidos en la mitad de estas dos tierras. Él puede ser reconocido por ciertas señales. Él [aceptará] y comerá [de] la [comida] que le sea ofrecida como obsequio, pero no comerá de la caridad. El sello de la Profecía estará entre sus hombros. Si puedes trasladarte a esa tierra, hazlo’”.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\r\n
\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> Al Haizami recopiló esta narración en Mayma’ Az-Zawa’id<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a> Isfahán: Región al norte de Irán.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[3]<\/a>  Su padre era un Mago<\/em> que adoraba el fuego.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[4]<\/a> Ash-Sham: Comprende las áreas conocidas hoy día como Líbano, Siria, Palestina y Jordania.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[5]<\/a> Un punto importante a destacar aquí es que Salman no se alejó de lo que él creía era la verdad en ese momento debido a los actos de una persona. No dijo: “¡Miren a estos cristianos! ¡El mejor de ellos es malvado!” En su lugar, entendió que tenía que juzgar la religión por sus creencias, no por sus fieles.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[6]<\/a> Al Musil: Una ciudad importante al norte de Irak.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[7]<\/a> Nasibín: Ciudad en el camino entre Al Musil y Ash-Sham.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[8]<\/a> Amuria: Ciudad que era parte de la región oriental del Imperio Romano.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(parte 2 de 2): Del cristianismo al Islam<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

El hombre murió, y Salman permaneció en Amuria. Un día, “unos mercaderes de la tribu de Kalb[1]<\/a>  pasaron por mi lado”, dice Salman, “y les dije: ‘Llévenme a Arabia y les daré mis vacas y la única oveja que tengo’”. Ellos dijeron: “Sí”. Salman les dio lo ofrecido y lo llevaron con ellos. Cuando llegaron a Wadi Al Qura [cerca de Medina], lo vendieron como esclavo a un judío. Salman permaneció con el judío y vio los árboles de palmeras [que su último compañero le había descrito].<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Espero que este sea el mismo lugar descrito por mi compañero”.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Un día, un hombre que era primo hermano del amo de Salman, de la tribu judía de Bani Quraida en Medina, llegó de visita y compró a Salman de su amo.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Me llevó con él a Medina. ¡Por Dios! Cuando la vi, supe que era el lugar que mi compañero había descrito.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Entonces envió Dios[2]<\/a> a Su Mensajero [es decir, Muhammad, que la misericordia y las bendiciones de Dios sean con él]. Él permaneció en La Meca un buen tiempo[3]<\/a>. No escuché nada sobre él debido a que estaba muy ocupado haciendo mi trabajo como esclavo, y luego él emigró a Medina.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[Un día] Yo estaba en una palmera por encima de sus racimos de dátiles haciendo cierto trabajo para mi amo. Un primo hermano suyo vino y se paró frente a él [su amo estaba sentado] y dijo: ‘¡Ay de Bani Quilah [la gente de la tribu de Quilah], están reunidos en Quibá[4]<\/a> alrededor de un hombre que llegó hoy de La Meca diciendo ser un Profeta!’<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Temblé con tanta fuerza al escuchar esto que temí caer sobre mi amo. Descendí y dije: ‘¿Qué es lo que dices? ¿Qué has dicho?’<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Mi amo se enojó y me golpeó fuerte diciendo: ‘¿Qué te importa este asunto? Ve y métete en tus cosas’.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Le dije: ‘¡Nada! Solo quería asegurarme de lo que él dijo’.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Esa noche, fui a ver al Mensajero de Dios mientras estaba en Quibá. Llevé conmigo algo que había guardado. Entré y dije: ‘Se me ha dicho que eres un hombre justo y que tus compañeros [que] son extraños [aquí] están necesitados. Quiero ofrecerte algo que guardé como caridad. Me parece que lo mereces más que ningún otro’.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Se lo ofrecí, él le dijo a sus compañeros: ‘Coman’, pero él mantuvo su mano lejos [es decir, no comió]. Me dije a mí mismo: ‘Esta es una’ [es decir, de las señales de su Profecía]”.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Después de su encuentro con el Profeta, que la misericordia y las bendiciones de Dios sean con él, Salman se preparó para otra prueba. Esta vez le llevó un regalo al Profeta en Medina.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Vi que no comes de lo que se da como caridad, así que he aquí un regalo con el que quisiera honrarte”. El Profeta comió de ello y ordenó a sus compañeros que hicieran lo mismo, lo cual hicieron. Me dije a mí mismo: ‘Ahora son dos’ [es decir, dos señales de Profecía]”.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

En el tercer encuentro, Salman llegó a Baquí-ul-Garqad [un cementerio en Medina], cuando el Profeta, que la misericordia y las bendiciones de Dios sean con él, asistía al funeral de uno de sus compañeros. Salman dijo:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Lo saludé [con el saludo del Islam: ‘La paz sea contigo’], y entonces me moví para ponerme a sus espaldas y así ver el sello [de Profecía] que me había descrito mi compañero. Cuando él me vio [haciendo esto], supo que yo estaba tratando de confirmar algo que me habían descrito. Él retiró su ropa de su espalda y entonces vi el sello. Lo reconocí. Me abalancé sobre él, besándolo y llorando. El Mensajero de Dios, que la misericordia y las bendiciones de Dios sean con él, me dijo que me moviera hacia el frente [para hablar con él]. Le conté mi historia como he hecho contigo, Ibn Abbás [recordemos que Salman le está contando su historia a Ibn Abbás]. A él [el Profeta] le gustó tanto que me pidió que le contara mi historia a sus compañeros”.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman aún era un esclavo propiedad de su amo. El Profeta le dijo: “Has un contrato [con tu amo] por tu libertad, oh, Salman”. Salman obedeció e hizo un contrato [con su amo] por su libertad. Llegó a un acuerdo con su amo según el cual le pagaría cuarenta onzas de oro, y le plantaría y levantaría con éxito trescientas palmeras nuevas. El Profeta le dijo entonces a sus compañeros: “Ayuden a su hermano”.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ellos le ayudaron con los árboles y recolectaron la cantidad especificada. El Profeta le ordenó a Salman que cavara los agujeros necesarios para plantar los árboles jóvenes, y luego que los plantara cada uno con sus propias manos. Salman dijo: “Por Aquel en Cuyas manos está mi alma [es decir, Dios], no murió ni un solo árbol”.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman le dio los árboles a su amo. El Profeta le dio a Salman una pieza de oro que tenía el tamaño de un huevo de gallina, y le dijo: “Toma esto, oh, Salman, y paga [a tu amo] lo que debes”.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman dijo: “¿A cuánto equivale esto respecto a lo que debo?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

El Profeta dijo: “¡Tómalo! Dios hará [que sea] igual a lo que debes”[5]<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Lo tomé y pesé parte de él y tenía cuarenta onzas”. Salman le dio el oro a su amo. Él dio por cumplido el acuerdo y lo liberó.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

A partir de entonces, Salman se convirtió en uno de los compañeros más cercanos del Profeta.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

La búsqueda de la verdad<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

Uno de los grandes compañeros del Profeta, Abu Hurairah, reportó:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Estábamos sentados en compañía del Mensajero de Dios cuando el capítulo Al Yumuah<\/em> (Surah<\/em> 62) fue revelado. Él recitó estas palabras:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

‘Y [Dios ha enviado a Muhammad] también [para que purifique y enseñe] a otros que les sucederán’. (Corán 62:3)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Una persona entre ellos dijo: ‘¡Oh, Mensajero de Dios! ¿Quiénes son los que nos sucederán?’<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

El Mensajero de Dios no respondió. Salman el Persa estaba con nosotros. El Mensajero de Dios puso sus manos sobre Salman y luego dijo: ‘Por Aquel en Cuyas Manos está mi alma, incluso si la fe estuviera cerca de las Pléyades (las siete estrellas), hombres como este [es decir, gente como Salman] seguramente la alcanzarían”. (At-Tirmidi)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Muchos en este mundo son como Salman, están siempre buscando la verdad sobe el Uno y Único Dios Verdadero. Esta historia de Salman es similar a las historias de personas de nuestra época. La búsqueda de alguna gente los lleva de una iglesia a otra, del cristianismo al budismo o a la pasividad, del judaísmo a la “neutralidad”, de la religión a la meditación, y de allí al abuso mental. Hay quienes han cambiado de una idea a otra, ¡pero nunca se les ocurrió pensar en buscar conocer algo sobre el Islam! Cuando conocen a algunos musulmanes, sin embargo, abren sus mentes. La historia de Salman es la de una larga búsqueda. Tú puedes hacer que tu propia búsqueda de la verdad sea más corta, beneficiándote de esta.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\r\n
\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> Una tribu árabe.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a> Salman llegó a Medina antes que Muhammad, que la misericordia y las bendiciones de Dios sean con él, fuera comisionado como Profeta.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[3]<\/a> Trece años después de recibir la revelación proveniente de Dios.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[4]<\/a> Las afueras de Medina.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[5]<\/a> Un milagro de Dios.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

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Salman le Persan<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 (partie 1 de 2) : Du zoroastrisme au christianisme<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

Le compagnon du prophète Mohammed (que la paix et les bénédictions de Dieu soient sur lui), Salman al-Farisi (Salman le Persan), raconte[1]<\/a>  comme suit son cheminement vers l’islam :<\/span><\/p>\r\n

« J’étais un Persan de la région d’Ispahan[2]<\/a>, plus particulièrement d’une petite ville nommée Jayi, dont mon père était le maire.  J’étais, à ses yeux, la créature de Dieu qui lui était la plus chère.  Son amour pour moi était si grand qu’il me permettait de surveiller le feu[3]<\/a>  qu’il allumait et qu’il s’assurait de ne jamais laisser mourir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Mon père possédait une vaste terre fertile.  Un jour, alors qu’il était occupé par des travaux de construction, il me demanda d’aller sur sa terre et d’y remplir une tâche qu’il m’expliqua.  En chemin, je passai près d’une église chrétienne et j’y entendis des gens prier, à l’intérieur.  Je n’avais aucune idée de la façon dont certaines personnes vivaient, en dehors de chez moi, car mon père me gardait toujours à la maison.  Alors quand j’entendis les voix des gens qui priaient, ma curiosité l’emporta et j’entrai dans l’église pour les observer.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Lorsque je les vis, leur façon de prier me plut et je voulus en savoir davantage sur leur religion.  Je me dis, en moi-même : « Par Dieu, cette religion est meilleure que la nôtre. »  Par Dieu, je ne pus me détacher d’eux qu’à la tombée du jour.  Avant de partir, je leur demandai :<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 « D’où vient votre religion? »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ils me répondirent : « D’al-Shaam. »[4]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Je retournai chez mon père qui, s’inquiétant pour moi, avait envoyé quelqu’un me chercher.  Lorsque je fus de retour, il me dit : « Ô mon fils!  Où étais-tu?  Ne t’avais-je pas confié une tâche? »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Je dis : « Mon père, j’ai croisé sur mon chemin une église dans laquelle priaient des gens et j’ai aimé leur religion.  Par Dieu, je suis resté avec eux jusqu’à la tombée du jour. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Mon père me dit : « Mon fils!  Il n’y a rien de bon dans cette religion; ta religion, qui est celle de tes ancêtres, est meilleure. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Mais je répondis : « Non, par Dieu : leur religion est meilleure que la nôtre. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Mon père me menaça, puis m’enchaîna les pieds et me garda prisonnier de sa maison.  Je réussis à envoyer un message aux chrétiens leur demandant de me tenir au courant si une caravane commerciale chrétienne en provenance d’Al-Shaam venait à passer par la ville.  Lorsqu’une telle caravane arriva, ils m’en informèrent.  Je leur demandai alors de m’avertir une fois que les gens de cette caravane auraient terminé leurs échanges commerciaux et s’apprêteraient à retourner chez eux.  Ils m’informèrent donc de leur départ imminent.  C’est alors que je me libérai des chaînes qui entravaient mes pieds et que j’embarquai avec la caravane jusqu’au Shaam.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Lorsque j’arrivai à destination, je demandai : « Qui est la meilleure personne parmi ceux qui suivent votre religion? »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

On me répondit : « L’évêque.  Il est dans l’église. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

J’allai le voir et lui dit : « J’aime cette religion et j’aimerais rester avec vous, vous servir, dans votre église, pour que je puisse apprendre de vous et prier avec vous. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Il dit : « Vous pouvez entrer et rester avec moi. »   Alors je me joignis à lui.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

     Après quelque temps, Salman découvrit quelque chose au sujet de l’évêque.  C’était en fait une mauvaise personne qui ordonnait à ses fidèles de donner en charité, mais qui gardait tout l’argent pour lui, sans jamais le redistribuer aux pauvres.  Il avait accumulé, jusque-là, sept jarres d’or et d’argent.  Salman poursuit ainsi son récit :<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Je le méprisais à cause de ses actions.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Un jour, l’évêque mourut.  Les chrétiens se rassemblèrent pour l’enterrer.  Je les informai alors du fait qu’il était une mauvaise personne qui ordonnait la charité, mais qui gardait tout pour lui, sans jamais en donner aux pauvres.  Ils demandèrent : « Comment sais-tu cela? »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Je dis : « Je peux vous montrer son trésor. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ils dirent : « Montre-le- nous! »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Je leur montrai l’endroit où il gardait l’argent et ils en sortirent sept jarres remplies d’or et d’argent.  Lorsqu’ils virent cela, ils dirent : « Par Dieu, jamais nous ne l’enterrerons. »  Alors ils le crucifièrent et le lapidèrent.[5]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ils remplacèrent leur évêque.  Jamais je ne vis quelqu’un, parmi eux, prier mieux que lui, ni un homme plus détaché des biens de ce monde et si attaché à l’au-delà, ni un homme aussi dévoué à son travail, qu’il accomplissait jour et nuit.  Je l’aimai plus que tous ceux que j’avais aimés jusqu’alors.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Je demeurai avec lui un temps, jusqu’à ce que la mort vienne le chercher.  Alors qu’il était mourant, je lui dis : « Ô, untel, je suis resté avec toi et je t’ai aimé plus que tous ceux que j’ai aimés jusqu’à maintenant.   Maintenant que le décret de Dieu (i.e. la mort) s’approche de toi, à qui recommandes-tu que je tiennes compagnie et que me conseilles-tu? »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

L’évêque dit : « Par Dieu!  Les gens courent à leur perte!  Ils ont altéré la religion qu’ils suivent.  Je ne connais personne qui suive encore (correctement) la religion que je suis à part un homme vivant à al-Mousil.[6]<\/a> Alors va le rejoindre [et il me donna son nom]. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Lorsque l’évêque mourut, Salman partit pour al-Mousil et rencontra la personne qui lui avait été recommandée.  Il raconte :<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Je dis à cet homme : « [Untel], sur son lit de mort, m’a recommandé de me joindre à vous.  Il m’a dit que vous suiviez la même religion que lui. »  Je restai avec lui et trouvai qu’il était effectivement une très bonne personne et qu’il suivait correctement la religion de celui qui m’avait référé à lui. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Mais bientôt, la mort vint le chercher à son tour.  Alors qu’il était à l’agonie, Salman lui demanda, comme à l’autre, de le recommander à une autre personne suivant la même religion.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

L’homme dit : « Par Dieu, je ne connais personne qui suive correctement cette religion qui est la nôtre à part un homme vivant à Nasibine[7]<\/a> et son nom est [untel].  Pars à sa rencontre. »  Après sa mort, donc, je partis pour Nasibine. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman y trouva l’homme et resta avec lui quelque temps.  Puis, le même scénario se reproduisit et à la mort de cet homme, Salman alla rejoindre un homme à Amuria.[8]<\/a>   Là-bas, il trouva son nouveau contact et demeura avec lui.  Durant son séjour, il travailla et « gagna quelques vaches et un mouton. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Lorsque cet homme se retrouva à l’agonie, Salman lui posa les mêmes questions qu’aux autres, mais cette fois, il reçut une réponse différente. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

L’homme dit : « Ô mon fils!  Je ne connais personne qui suive encore la même religion que nous.  Cependant, un prophète apparaîtra de ton vivant et ce prophète suivra la même religion qu’Abraham. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Puis, il décrivit ainsi ce prophète : « Il sera envoyé avec la même religion qu’Abraham.  Il sera originaire d’Arabie et émigrera dans un endroit sis entre deux étendues couvertes de pierres noires [comme brûlées par le feu].  Il y a, dans cet endroit, des palmiers un peu partout.  Cet homme peut être reconnu à certains signes.  Il acceptera et mangera la nourriture qui lui sera offerte en cadeau, mais ne touchera pas à celle qui lui sera offerte en charité.  Le sceau de la prophétie sera visible entre ses épaules.  Si tu peux te rendre dans cette contrée, alors fais-le. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\r\n
\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> Al-Haithami a recueilli cette narration dans Majma’ Al-Zawa’id<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a> Ispahan, ville du Nord-Ouest de l’Iran.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[3]<\/a>  Son père était un zoroastrien qui adorait le feu.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[4]<\/a> Al-Shaam: région qui englobe les pays connus aujourd\u0092hui comme le Liban, la Syrie, la Palestine et la Jordanie.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[5]<\/a> Un point important à souligner, ici, c’est que Salman ne se détourna pas de ce qu’il croyait être la vérité à cause des actions d’une seule personne.  Il ne dit pas : « Regarde-moi ces chrétiens!  Même le meilleur d’entre eux est mauvais! ».  Il comprenait plutôt qu’il devait juger cette religion sur la base de ses croyances fondamentales et non sur ses fidèles.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[6]<\/a> Al-Mousil: une ville importante au nord-ouest de l’Irak.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[7]<\/a> Nasibine: ville située entre al-Mousil et al-Shaam.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[8]<\/a> Amuria: ville qui était incluse dans la partie orientale de l’empire romain.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 (partie 2 de 2) : Du christianisme à l’islam<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

L’homme mourut et Salman demeura un temps à Amuria.  Un jour, « des marchands de la tribu de Kalb[1]<\/a>  passèrent près de moi.  Je leur dis : « Emmenez-moi en Arabie et je vous donnerai mes vaches et le seul mouton que je possède. » <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ils acceptèrent.  Mais lorsqu’ils arrivèrent à Waadi al-Qoura (près de Médine), ils le vendirent comme esclave à un juif.  Salman fut donc obligé de rester avec le juif et il remarqua aussitôt les palmiers qui les entouraient et qui correspondaient à la description faite par son dernier coreligionnaire.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 « J’espérai, tout au fond de moi, qu’il s’agissait là de l’endroit décrit par mon ami. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Un jour, un homme qui était en fait le cousin du « maître » de Salman et qui venait de la tribu de Bani Qouraydha, à Médine, vint leur rendre visite.  Après discussion, il acheta Salman et l’emmena avec lui.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 « Il m’emmena à Médine.  Par Dieu, lorsque je vis l’endroit, je sus immédiatement qu’il s’agissait du lieu décrit par mon ami.  Puis, Dieu envoya Son messager (i.e. Mohammed).[2]<\/a>    Il demeura à la Mecque le temps qu’il y demeura.[3]<\/a>  Je n’entendis pas parler de lui, car j’étais constamment occupé par les travaux auxquels on m’astreignait.  Puis, il décida d’émigrer à Médine.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Un jour, j’étais perché au sommet d’un palmier, au-dessus d’une grappe de dattes.  Un des cousins du juif pour qui j’œuvrais s’approcha et se tint devant lui, qui était assis, et dit : « Malheur à Bani Qilah [i.e. aux gens de la tribu de Qilah]!  Ils sont réunis à Qibaa[4]<\/a>  autour d’un homme qui est arrivé aujourd’hui, de la Mecque, et qui prétend être prophète! »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

En entendant cela, je me mis à trembler si violemment que je craignis un instant de tomber sur celui qui était assis au pied de l’arbre.  Je descendis à toute vitesse et m’exclamai : « Qu’est-ce que tu dis?  Qu’est-ce que tu dis? »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Celui pour qui j’œuvrais s’empourpra de colère et me donna un puissant coup de poing en disant : « Qu’as-tu à fourrer ton nez dans cette affaire?  Va-t’en et occupe-toi de ce qui te regarde! »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Je répondis : « Je ne voulais que m’assurer de ce qu’il avait dit. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ce soir-là, j’allai voir le Messager de Dieu alors qu’il se trouvait toujours à Qibaa.  Et j’emportai avec moi un peu de nourriture que j’avais gardée de côté.  Je me présentai à lui et lui dis : « On m’a dit que vous étiez un homme vertueux et que les gens qui vous accompagnent, et qui sont étrangers, ici, sont dans le besoin.  J’aimerais vous offrir un peu de nourriture en charité, car je considère que vous le méritez plus que quiconque. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Je la lui offris.  Il dit à ses compagnons : « Mangez », mais il s’abstint lui-même d’y toucher.  Je me dis en moi-même : « C’est là l’un des signes de prophétie. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Suite à cette rencontre avec le Prophète, Salman se retira et alla préparer son test suivant!  La fois suivante, donc, il apporta un cadeau au Prophète.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 « J’ai remarqué que vous ne mangez pas de ce qu’on vous donne en charité, alors voici un cadeau par lequel je souhaite vous rendre hommage. »  Le Prophète mangea alors de ce que je lui avais donné et partagea le reste avec ses compagnons.  Je me dis en moi-même : « Voici un deuxième signe de prophétie. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

À leur troisième rencontre, Salman se rendit à Baqi-oul-Gharqad (un cimetière à Médine), où le Prophète (que la paix et les bénédictions de Dieu soient sur lui) assistait aux funérailles de l’un de ses compagnons.  Salman raconte :<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 « Je le saluai et j’allai m’installer derrière lui dans l’espoir d’apercevoir le sceau de la prophétie, entre ses épaules, comme me l’avait décrit mon défunt ami.  Lorsqu’il me vit aller derrière lui, il comprit que je tentais de confirmer une chose que l’on m’avait décrite; il descendit alors son vêtement afin que je puisse voir le sceau, que je reconnus aussitôt.  Je ne pus m’empêcher de m’élancer vers ce sceau, de l’embrasser et de pleurer tout à la fois.  Le Messager de Dieu me dit de venir devant lui et me demanda de lui raconter mon histoire, ce que je fis comme je le fais en ce moment avec toi, Ibn Abbas [rappelez-vous que Salman est en train de raconter son histoire à Ibn Abbas].  Le Prophète aima tant mon récit qu’il me demanda de le raconter à ses compagnons.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman était toujours officiellement un esclave.  Le Prophète lui dit : « Tente d’établir un contrat avec ton maître pour racheter ta liberté, ô Salman. »  Salman s’exécuta et parvint à une entente avec son maître, selon laquelle il (Salman) devait lui payer quarante onces d’or en plus de lui planter et de mener à maturité trois cents nouveaux dattiers.  Le Prophète dit alors à ses compagnons : « Aidez votre frère. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ils l’aidèrent avec les arbres et se cotisèrent pour payer la somme demandée.  Le Prophète demanda à Salman de creuser les trous pour recevoir les jeunes arbres et il planta chacun de ses propres mains.  Salman raconte : « Par Celui qui tient mon âme entre Ses mains, aucun des arbres ne mourut. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Les arbres plantés, le Prophète donna à Salman une pièce d’or de la taille d’un œuf et dit : « Prends cela, ô Salman, et paie à ton maître ce que tu lui dois. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman dit : « Que cela vaut-il en comparaison du montant que je lui dois! »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Mais le Prophète dit : « Prends-la.  Dieu le rendra égal à ce que tu dois. »[5]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman raconte : « Je la pris et j’allai la peser; elle pesait quarante onces. »  Il alla donc payer sa dette et il fut libéré.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

À partir de ce jour, Salman devint l’un des compagnons les plus proches du Prophète.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

La quête de vérité<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

Abou Hourayrah, un des compagnons du Prophète les plus connus, a dit :<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 « Nous étions assis en compagnie du Messager de Dieu lorsque la sourate al-Joumouah (62) fut révélée.  Il récita ces mots :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

 « Et [Dieu a également envoyé Mohammed à] d’autres personnes qui ne sont pas encore jointes à eux, mais qui viendront… »  (Coran 62:3)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Quelqu’un parmi nous demanda : « Ô Messager de Dieu, qui sont ceux qui ne se sont pas encore joints à nous? »<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Le Messager de Dieu ne répondit pas.  Salman le Persan était parmi nous.  Le Messager de Dieu posa sa main sur Salman et dit : « Par Celui qui tient mon âme entre Ses mains, même si la foi se trouvait près des Pléiades (les sept étoiles), des hommes comme ceux-là [i.e. du peuple de Salman] l’atteindraient certainement. » (at-Tirmidhi<\/em>)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Beaucoup de gens, en ce monde, sont comme Salman, c’est-à-dire en quête de vérité.  L’histoire de Salman est similaire aux histoires de nombreuses personnes de notre époque.  La quête de certaines personnes les a menées d’une église à une autre, du christianisme au bouddhisme, du judaïsme à l’agnostisme, de la religion à la méditation, etc.  Certaines passent d’une philosophie à une autre, d’une religion à une autre, mais pour toutes sortes de raisons, passent par-dessus l’islam.  Puis, un jour, elles rencontrent un ou des musulmans qui leur donnent envie d’en connaître plus sur cette religion.  L’histoire de Salman est celle d’une très longue quête.  Vous pourriez abréger la vôtre en considérant la sienne.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

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Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> Une tribu arabe<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a> Salman était arrivé à Médine avant même que Dieu n’investisse Mohammed de sa mission prophétique.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[3]<\/a> Treize ans après avoir reçu la révélation de Dieu.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[4]<\/a> En banlieue de Médine.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[5]<\/a> Un miracle de Dieu.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

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Salman der Perser, Zoroastrier, Persien<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 (teil 1von 2): Vom Zoroastrianismus zum Christentum<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

Der gesegnete Gefährte des Propheten Muhammad, Gottes Segen und Frieden seien auf ihm, Salman al-Farisi[1]<\/a>  berichtete seine Reise zum Islam folgendermaßen:.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Ich war ein persischer Mann vom Volke Isfahaan[2]<\/a> aus einer Stadt, die unter (dem Namen) Jayi bekannt ist.  Mein Vater war der Stadtverwalter.  Für ihn war ich das am meisten geliebte Geschöpf Gottes.  Seine Liebe für mich erreichte den Punkt, dass er mir anvertraute, das Feuer[3]<\/a> zu überwachen, das er anzündete.  Er ließ es nie sterben. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Mein Vater besaß ein großes Stück fruchtbares Land.  Eines Tages, als er mit seinen Bauten beschäftigt war, sagte er mir, ich solle zu seinem Land gehen und einige Aufgaben erfüllen, die er wünschte.  Auf meinem Weg zu seinem Land kam ich an einer christlichen Kirche vorbei.  Ich hörte die Geräusche der Leute, die drinnen beteten.  Ich wusste nicht, wie Menschen außerhalb lebten, denn mein Vater behielt mich im Hause.  Als ich also an diesen Leuten [in der Kirche] vorbei kam und ihre Stimmen hörte, trat ich ein, um zu sehen, was sie taten.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Als ich sie sah, gefielen mir ihre Gebete und fing an, mich für ihre Religion zu interessieren.  Ich sagte [zu mir selbst]: “Bei Gott, diese Religion ist besser als unsere.”  Bei Gott, ich habe sie bis zum Sonnenuntergang nicht verlassen.  Ich bin nicht zum Land meines Vaters zurückgekehrt. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ich fragte [d.h. die Leute in der Kirche]: “Woher stammt diese Religion?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Sie sagten: ‘Aus Al-Schaam.’[4]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ich kam zu meinem Vater zurück, der sich Sorgen gemacht hatte und [jemanden] nach mir geschickt hatte.  Bei meiner Ankunft sagte er: ‘O Sohn!  Wo bist du gewesen?  Habe ich dich nicht mit einer Aufgabe losgeschickt?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ich sagte: “Mein Vater, ich bin an Leuten vorbei gekommen, die in ihrer Kirche beteten und mir gefiel ihre Religion.  Bei Gott ich blieb bis zum Sonnenuntergang bei ihnen.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Mein Vater sagte: “Mein Sohn!  Es gibt nichts Gutes in ihrer Religion; deine Religion und die deiner Vorväter ist besser.’ ”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Nein, bei Gott, sie ist besser als unsere Religion.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Er drohte mir, fesselte meine Füße und behielt mich im Haus.  Ich schickte eine Botschaft zu den Christen, damit sie mich darüber informieren, wenn irgendeine christliche Handelskaravane von Al-Schaam kommt.  Eine Handelskaravane kam an und sie teilten es mir mit; da sagte ich ihnen [den Christen], es mich wissen zu lassen, wenn die Leute der Karawane ihre Geschäfte erledigt hätten und zur Rückkehr in ihr Land aufbrachen.  Ich wurde [tatsächlich von ihnen] benachrichtigt, als die Leute Al-Schaam ihre Geschäfte beendet hatten und zur Abreise in ihr Land bereit waren, da habe ich die Fesseln von meinen Füßen lockern lassen und begleitete [die Karawane], bis wir Al-Schaam erreichten.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bei meiner Ankunft fragte ich: “Wer ist der beste im Volk in dieser Religion?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sie sagten: “Der Bischof.  [Er ist] in der Kirche.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ich ging zu ihm und sagte: “Ich mag diese Religion, und ich würde gerne bei dir bleiben und dir in deiner Kirche dienen, damit ich von dir lerne und mit dir bete.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Er sagte: “Du darfst eintreten und bei mir bleiben”, da schloss ich mich ihm an. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nach einiger Zeit entdeckte Salman etwas vom Bischof.  Er war ein schlechter Mann, der anordnete und die Menschen motivierte, Almosen zu zahlen, nur um sie für sich selbst zu behalten.  Er gab sie nicht den Armen.  Er hatte sieben Gefäße mit Gold und Silber angehäuft!  Salman fuhr fort:    <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ich verachtete ihn wegen seiner Taten.  <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Er [der Bischoff] starb.  Die Christen versammelten sich, um ihn zu beerdigen.  Ich informierte sie darüber, dass er ein schlechter Mann gewesen war, der die Abgabe von Almosen angeordnet und die Leute dazu motiviert hatte, nur um sie für sich selbst zu behalten und dass er gar nichts davon den Armen gegeben hatte.  Sie sagten: “Woher weißt du das?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ich antwortete: “Ich kann euch seinen Schatz zeigen.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sie sagten: “Zeige ihn uns!”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ich zeigte ihnen den Orte [wo er es aufbewahrte], und sie brachten sieben Gefäße mit Gold und Silber gefüllt heraus.  Als sie dies sahen, sagten sie: “Bei Gott, wir werden ihn niemals beerdigen.”  Da kreuzigten und steinigten sie ihn.[5]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sie ersetzten ihren Bischoff.  Ich habe nie einen [von ihnen] gesehen, der besser betete als er [der neue Bischoff]; oder einen Mann, der sich mehr von diesem weltlichen Leben abgelöst hatte und am Jenseits hing oder eine Person, die sich stärker verpflichtete, Tag und Nacht zu arbeiten.  Ich liebte ihn mehr als sonst irgend jemanden zuvor. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ich blieb bei ihm bis einige Zeit vor seinem Tod.  Als sein Tod nahte, sagte ich zu ihm: “O [so und so], ich bin bei dir geblieben und liebte dich mehr als irgend etwas zuvor.  Nun ist die Anordnung Gottes [d.h., der Tod] gekommen, also was befiehlst du mir?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Der Bischoff sagte: “Bei Gott!  Die Leute sind gänzlich verloren; sie haben [die Religion] verändert, nach der sie lebten.  Ich kenne keinen, der sich immer noch an die Religion hält, nach der ich lebte, außer einem Mann in al-Musil,[6]<\/a>  daher schließe dich ihm an [und er gab mir seinen Namen].”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Als der Mann starb, zog Salman nach al-Musil und traf die Person, die er empfohlen hatte…<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ich sagte zu ihm “[Der und der] hat mir als sein Tod gekommen war empfohlen, mich dir anzuschließen.  Er erzählte mir, dass du dieselbe [Religion] wie er verfolgst.”  Ich blieb bei ihm und fand in ihm den besten Mann, der an der Angelegenheit [Religion] seines Gefährten festhielt. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bald starb auch er.  Als der Tod nahe war, bat ihn Salman [so wie er es zuvor mit dem ersten Gefährten getan hatte] eine andere Person zu empfehlen, die derselben Religion zugehörte. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Der Mann sagte: “Bei Gott!  Ich weiß keinen, der dieselbe Angelegenheit [Religion] wie unsere vertritt außer einem Mann in Naseebeen[7]<\/a>  und sein Name ist [so und so], also geh zu ihm und schließe dich ihm an.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nach seinem Tod reiste ich zum Mann von Naseebeen.”  Salman fand den Mann und blieb eine Zeit lang bei ihm.  Dieselben Ereignisse wiederholten sich.  Der Tod nahte und bevor er starb, kam Salman zu dem Mann und bat um seinen Rat, zu wem und wohin er gehen solle.  Der Mann empfahl Salman, sich einem anderen Mann in Amuria[8]<\/a> anzuschließen, der derselben Religion folgte.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman zog nach Amuria nachdem sein Gefährte verstorben war.  Er fand seine neue Empfehlung und schloss sich ihm in seiner Religion an.  Salman arbeitete [zu jener Zeit] und “verdiente ein paar Kühe und ein Schaf.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Der Tod näherte sich dem Mann von Amuria.  Salman wiederholte sein Anliegen, aber [dieses Mal] lautete die Antwort anders.  <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Der Mann sagte: “O Sohn!  Ich kenne keinen, der derselben [Religion] folgt wie wir.  Aber ein Prophet wird in deiner Lebenszeit auftauchen, und dieser Prophet ist von derselben Religion wie Abraham.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Der Mann beschrieb diesen Propheten, indem er sagte: “Er wird mit derselben Religion gesandt wie Abraham.  Er wird von dem Land Arabien kommen und er wird an einen Ort auswandern, der zwischen zwei Ländern liegt, die mit schwarzen Steinen voll sind [als wären sie von Feuer verbrannt].  Dort gibt es Palmen inmitten dieser beiden Länder.  Er kann an bestimmten Zeichen erkannt werden. Er [wird akzeptieren] und essen [von] dem [Essen] das ihm als Geschenk gegeben wird, aber er wird nicht von Almosen essen.  Das Siegel des Prophetentums wird zwischen seinen Schultern sein.  Wenn du in dieses Land ziehen kannst, dann tue es.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

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Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> Al-Haithami hat diesen Bericht gesammelt in Majma’ Al-Zawa’id<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a> Isfahaan: Eine Region im Nordwesten Irans.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[3]<\/a> Sein Vater war ein Magier, der dem Feuer diente.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[4]<\/a> Al-Schaam: Es umfasst Gebiete, die heute als Libanon, Syrien, Palästina und Jordanien bekannt sind.  <\/span><\/p>\r\n

[5]<\/a> Ein wichtiger Punkt hier ist, dass Salman sich aufgrund der Taten einer Person nicht von dem abgewandt hat, von dem er dachte, dass es die Wahrheit sei.  Er sagte nicht: „Schaut euch diese Christen an!  Der beste von ihnen ist so schlecht!”  Er hatte verstanden, dass er die Religion an ihren Glaubensbedingungen messen musste und nicht an ihren Anhängern.  <\/span><\/p>\r\n

[6]<\/a> Al-Musil: Eine Hauptstadt im Nordwesten Iraks.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[7]<\/a> Naseebeen: Eine Stadt auf dem Weg zwischen Al-Musil und Al-Shaam.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[8]<\/a> Amuria: Eine Stadt, die Teil der östlichen Region des Römischen Reichs gewesen ist.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(teil 2 von 2): Vom Christentum zum Islam<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

Der Mann starb und Salman blieb in Amuria.  Eines Tages kamen einige Händler vom Stamm von Kalb[1]<\/a>  an mir vorbei: ”Salman sagte: “Ich sagte ihnen: ‘Nehmt mich mit nach Arabien, und ich werde euch meine Kühe und mein einzigs Schaf geben, das ich habe.’”  Sie sagten: “Ja.”  Salman gab ihnen, was er angeboten hatte, und sie nahmen ihn mit.  Als sie Waadi al-Quraa [in der Nähe von Medina] erreichten, verkauften sie ihn an einen jüdischen Mann als Sklaven.  Salman blieb bei dem Juden, und er sah die Palmen [die sein früherer Gefährte beschrieben hatte].<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Ich hoffte, dass dies derselbe Ort sein würde, den mein Gefährte beschrieben hatte.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Eines Tages kam ein Mann, der ein Cousin ersten Grades von Salmans Herrn war vom jüdischen Stamm der Bani Quraidha in Medina zu Besuch.  Er kaufte ihn von seinem jüdischen Herrn. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Er nahm mich mit nach Medina.  Bei Gott!  Als ich es sah, wusste ich, dass es der Ort war, den mein Gefährte beschrieben hatte.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Dann schickte Gott[2]<\/a> Seinen Gesandten [d.h., Muhammad, Gottes Segen und Frieden seien auf ihm].  Er blieb in Mekka solange wie er blieb.[3]<\/a>  Ich hatte nichts von ihm gehört, denn ich war beschäftigt mit der Arbeit der Sklaverei, und dann wanderte er nach Medina aus. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

[Eines Tages] war ich in der Krone einer Palme, um einige Arbeit bei den Dattelbündeln für meinen Herrn zu erledigen.  Ein Cousin ersten Grades von ihm war gekommen und stand vor ihm [sein Herr saß] und sagte: “Wehe Bani Qeelah [Menschen vom Stamm Qeelah], sie sind alle in Qibaa[4]<\/a> um einen Mann versammelt, der heute aus Mekka gekommen ist, und behauptet, ein Prophet zu sein!”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ich zitterte so stark, als ich ihn hörte, dass ich fürchtete, auf meinen Herrn zu fallen.  Ich stieg herab und sagte: ‘Was sagst du da?  Was sagst du da!?’<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Mein Herr wurde ärgerlich, schlug mich hart und sagte: „Was hast du hiermit zu tun?  Geh und kümmere dich um deine Arbeit.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ich sagte: “Nichts!  Ich wollte mir nur dessen sicher sein, was er sagt.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

An jenem Abend ging ich, um den Gesandten Gottes zu sehen, während er in Qibaa war.  Ich nahm etwas mit mir, das ich aufbewahrt hatte.  Ich ging hinein und sagte: “Mit wurde gesagt, dass du ein rechtschaffener Mann bist und dass deine Kompanie, die hier fremd ist, in Not ist.  Ich möchte dir etwas anbieten, das ich als Almosen gespart habe.  Ich finde, ihr benötigt es mehr als jeder andere.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ich bot es ihm an, er sagte zu seinen Gefährten: “Esst,” aber er selbst hielt seine Hand zurück [d.h., er aß nicht].  Ich sagte zu mir selbst: “Dies ist eines [d.h., eines der Zeichen des Prophetentums].”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Auf dieses Treffen mit dem Propheten, Gottes Segen und Frieden seien auf ihm, ging Salman, um eine andere Prüfung vorzubereiten!  Dieses Mal brachte er dem Propheten in Medina ein Geschenk. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Ich sah, dass du nicht von dem Almosen gegessen hast, also hier ist ein Geschenk, mit dem ich dich ehren möchte.”  Der Prophet aß davon und befahl seinen Gefährten, dasselbe zu tun, was sie auch taten.  Ich sagte mir selbst:  “Jetzt sind es zwei [d.h., zwei Zeichen des Prophetentums].”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Beim dritten Zusammentreffen kam Salman zum Baqi-ul-Gharqad [einem Friedhof in Medina], wo der Prophet, Gottes Segen und Frieden seien auf ihm.  dem Begräbnis eines seiner Gefährten beiwohnte.  Salman sagte: <\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Ich grüßte ihn [mit dem Gruß des Islam: ‘Friede sei mit dir’], und dann bewegte ich mich hinter seinen Rücken und versuchte das Siegel [des Prophetentums] zu sehen, das mein Gefährte beschrieben hatte.  Als er das sah, [was ich tat], wusste er, dass ich versuchte, etwas zu bestätigen, das mir beschrieben worden war.  Er nahm das Kleidungsstück von seinem Rücken und ich sah das Siegel.  Ich erkannte es.  Ich fiel nieder, küsste es und weinte.  Der Gesandte Gottes, Gottes Segen und Frieden seien auf ihm, sagte mir, ich solle mich drehen [d.h., um mit ihm zu sprechen].  Ich erzählte ihm meine Geschichte, wie ich sie dir erzähle, Ibn ´Abbaas [zur Erinnerung, Salman erzählt seine Geschichte Ibn ´Abbaas].  Er [der Prophet] mochte sie so sehr, dass er wollte, dass ich sie seinen Gefährten erzähle.  <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Er war immer noch ein Sklave, der seinem Herrn gehörte.  Der Prophet sagte zu ihm: “Schließe einen Vertrag [mit deinem Herrn] für deine Freiheit, O Salman.”  Salman gehorchte und schloss einen Vertrag [mit seinem Herrn] für seine Freiheit ab.  Er traf mit seinem Herrn eine Übereinkunft, dass er ihm vierzig Unzen Gold zahlen wird, und er würde erfolgreich dreihundert neue Dattelpalmen pflanzen und großziehen.  Der Prophet sagte zu seinen Gefährten: “Helft eurem Bruder.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sie halfen ihm mit den Bäumen und sammelten den Betrag für ihn.  Der Prophet wies Salman an, die richtigen Löcher zu graben, um die Setzlinge zu pflanzen, und er pflanzte jeden einzelnen mit seinen eigenen Händen.  Salman sagte: “Bei Dem, in Dessen Händen meine Seele ist [d.h., Gott], kein einziger Baum starb.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman gab die Bäume seinem Herrn.  Der Prophet gab Salman ein Goldstück, das die Größe eines Hühnereis besaß und sagte: “Nimm dies, O Salman, und bezahle [d.h., deinen Herrn] was du schuldig bist.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman sagte: “Wie viel ist dies in bezug auf das, was ich schulde!”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Der Prophet sagte: “Nimm es!  Gott wird es dem gleich [machen], was du schuldest.”[5]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ich nahm es und wog einen Teil davon und es waren vierzig Unzen.  Salman gab seinem Herrn das Gold.  Er erfüllte die Übereinkunft und wurde frei.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Von da an wurde Salman zu einem der engsten Gefährten des Propheten. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Die Suche nach der Wahrheit<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

Einer der größten Gefährten des Propheten mit dem Namen Abu Hurairah berichtete:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Wir saßen in der Gesellschaft des Gesandten Gotts, als die Sura al Jumuah (Sura 62) offenbart wurde.  Er rezitierte diese Worte:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

“und [Gott hat Muhammad auch gesandt zu] anderen von ihnen, die sie noch nicht eingeholt haben (aber die noch kommen werden)…” (Quran 62:3)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Eine Person von ihnen fragte: ‘O Gesandter Gottes!  Wer sind diejenigen, die uns noch nicht eingeholt haben?’<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Der Gesandte Gottes antwortete nicht.  Salman der Perser war unter uns.  Der Gesandte Gottes legte seine Hand auf Salman und sagte: ‘Bei dem Einen, in Dessen Händen meine Seele ist, selbst wenn der Glaube in der Nähe der Plejaden (den sieben Sternen) wäre, würden Männer von diesen [d.h. Salmans Volk] ihn sicherlich erreichen.” (At-Tirmidhi<\/em>)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Viele in dieser Welt sind wie Salman, suchen nach der Wahrheit über den Einen und Einzigen Wahren Gott.  Diese Geschichte von Salman gleicht den Geschichten von Menschen in unserer eigenen Zeit.  Die Suche mancher Menschen führte sie von einer Kirche zur anderen, von der Kirche zum Buddhismus oder zum Passivität, vom Judentum zu ´Neutralität´, von Religion zu Meditation zu mentalem Missbrauch.  Es gibt solche, die von einer Vorstellung zur nächsten gewechselt haben, aber nicht einmal daran gedacht haben, etwas über den Islam erfahren zu wollen!  Als sie ein paar Muslime getroffen haben, hat sich ihr Verstand geöffnet.  Die Geschichte von Salman ist die von einer langen Suche.  Du könntest deine Suche nach der Wahrheit verkürzen, indem du aus seiner einen Nutzen ziehst. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\r\n
\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> Ein arabischer Stamm. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a> Salman ist nach Medina gekommen, bevor Muhammad, Gottes Segen und Frieden seien auf ihm, zum Propheten berufen wurde. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

[3]<\/a> Dreizehn Jahre später bekam er die Offenbarung von Gott.  <\/span><\/p>\r\n

[4]<\/a> Die Außenbezirke von Medina.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[5]<\/a> Ein Wunder von Gott.      <\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

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Salman, o Persa, Zoroastriano – Pérsia<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 (parte 1 de 2): Do Zoroastrismo ao Cristianismo<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

O abençoado companheiro do profeta Muhammad, que a misericórdia e bênçãos de Deus estejam sobre ele, Salman al-Farisi narra[1]<\/a> sua jornada ao Islã:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Era um persa do povo de Isfahan[2]<\/a> de uma cidade conhecida como Jayi. Meu pai era o chefe da cidade. Para ele, eu era a criatura mais amada de Deus. Seu amor por mim chegou ao ponto de ele me confiar a supervisão do fogo[3]<\/a> que acendia. Ele não o deixava morrer.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Meu pai era dono de uma grande área de terra fértil.  Um dia, enquanto estava ocupado com sua construção, ele me disse para ir até sua terra desempenhar algumas tarefas.  No caminho para sua terra, passei por uma igreja cristã.  Ouvi o som das pessoas orando lá dentro.  Não sabia como as pessoas viviam, porque meu pai me mantinha confinado à sua casa!  Então, quando encontrei aquelas pessoas [na igreja] e ouvi suas vozes, entrei para observar o que estavam fazendo.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Quando as vi, gostei de suas orações e fiquei interessado em sua religião.  Disse [para mim mesmo]: “Por Deus, essa religião é melhor do que a nossa.” Por Deus, não os deixei até o por do sol.  Não retornei para a terra de meu pai.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Perguntei [às pessoas da igreja]: “Onde foi a origem dessa religião?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Disseram: ‘Em al-Shaam.’[4]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Retornei ao meu pai que estava preocupado e enviado alguém atrás de mim.  Na minha chegada, ele disse: “Ó filho! Onde estava? Não lhe confiei uma tarefa?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Disse: “Meu pai, encontrei algumas pessoas orando na igreja e gostei da religião delas. Por Deus, fiquei com eles até o por do sol.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Meu pai disse: “Meu filho! Não existe deus naquela religião; a sua religião e de seus antepassados é melhor”.  ”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Não, por Deus, ela é melhor que nossa religião.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ele ameaçou-me, acorrentou-me pelos pés e manteve-me confinado em sua casa.  Enviei uma mensagem para os cristãos pedindo que me informassem da chegada de qualquer caravana comercial cristã vindo de Al-Shaam.  Uma caravana comercial chegou e me informaram e eu, então, disse [aos cristãos] que me avisassem quando as pessoas da caravana concluíssem seus negócios e se preparassem para retornar ao seu país.  Fui de fato informado quando as pessoas de Al-Shaam terminaram seus negócios e estavam prestes a voltar para seu país. Então eles soltaram as correntes dos meus pés e acompanhei a caravana até que chegamos a Al-Shaam.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Na chegada perguntei: “Quem é o melhor entre as pessoas dessa [sua] religião?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Eles disseram: “O bispo. Ele está na igreja.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Fui até ele e disse: “Gosto dessa religião e gostaria muito de ficar com o senhor e servi-lo em sua igreja, para poder aprender e orar com o senhor.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ele disse: “Pode entrar e ficar comigo” e eu me juntei a ele.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Depois de algum tempo Salman descobriu algo sobre o bispo.  Era um homem mau que ordenava e motivava seu povo a pagar caridade para que pudesse ficar com ela.  Não a dava aos pobres.  Tinha acumulado sete jarras de ouro e prata!  Salman continuou:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Eu o desprezei por causa de suas ações.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ele [o bispo] morreu.  Os cristãos se reuniram para enterrá-lo.  Eu os informei que ele era um homem mau que ordenava e motivava as pessoas a darem caridade para que pudesse ficar com ela e que não tinha dado nada aos pobres.  Disseram: “Como você sabe disso?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Respondi: “Posso mostrar-lhes o tesouro dele.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Disseram: “Mostre-nos!”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Mostrei a eles o lugar [onde ele o guardava] e recuperaram sete jarros com ouro e prata.  Quando viram tudo aquilo, disseram: “Por Deus, nunca o enterraremos.” Então o crucificaram e apedrejaram.[5]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Substituíram seu bispo.  Nunca vi ninguém [dentre eles] que orasse melhor que ele [o novo bispo]; nem um homem mais desinteressado dessa vida mundana e apegado à Outra Vida, nem uma pessoa mais comprometida a trabalhar dia e noite.  Eu o amava mais que a qualquer pessoa que tinha amado antes.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Fiquei com ele por algum tempo antes de sua morte.  Quando sua morte se aproximou eu lhe disse: “Ó senhor, fiquei contigo e te amei mais que qualquer coisa que amei antes. Agora do Decreto de Deus [ou seja, morte] chegou. O que me recomenda e o que me ordena?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

O bispo disse: “Por Deus! As pessoas estão perdidas; alteraram e mudaram [a religião] que praticavam.  Não conheço ninguém que continue a se apegar a religião que pratico, exceto um homem em al-Musil[6]<\/a>. Então, uma-se a ele [e me deu o nome]”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Quando o homem morreu, Salman foi para al-Musil e encontrou a pessoa que ele recomendou...<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Disse a ele: “Tal pessoa na hora de sua morte recomendou que me juntasse a você. Ele me disse que você pratica a mesma religião que ele.” Fiquei com ele e descobri que era o melhor homem em relação à religião de seu companheiro.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Logo ele morreu.  Quando a morte se aproximou dele, Salman pediu [como fez anteriormente com seu primeiro companheiro] que recomendasse outra pessoa com a mesma religião.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

O homem disse: “Por Deus! Não conheço ninguém da mesma religião nossa exceto um homem em Nasibin[7]<\/a> e seu nome é tal e tal. Vá e una-se a ele.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Depois de sua morte, viajei para o homem de Nasibin.” Salman encontrou o homem e ficou com ele por um tempo. Aconteceram os mesmos incidentes. A morte se aproximou e antes que ele morresse, Salman foi a ele e pediu seu conselho sobre para onde ir e para quem. O homem recomendou que Salman se juntasse a outro homem em Amuria[8]<\/a>, que também era da mesma religião.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman foi para Amuria depois da morte de seu companheiro.  Encontrou sua nova referência e se juntou a ele em sua religião.  Salman [naquela época] trabalhava e “ganhou algumas vacas e uma ovelha.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

A morte se aproximou do homem de Amuria.  Salman repetiu seus pedidos, mas [dessa vez] a resposta foi diferente.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

O homem disse: “Ó filho! Não conheço ninguém da mesma religião que nós. Entretanto, emergirá um profeta durante a sua vida, e esse profeta é da mesma religião de Abraão.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

O homem descreveu esse profeta, dizendo: “Ele será enviado com a mesma religião de Abraão. Virá da terra da Arábia e migrará para um lugar localizado entre duas terras cheias de pedras negras [como se tivessem sido queimadas pelo fogo]. Existem tamareiras espalhadas no meio dessas duas terras. Ele pode ser reconhecido por certos sinais. Ele aceitará e comerá do alimento que lhe for dado como presente, mas não comerá da caridade. O selo dos profetas estará entre seus ombros. Se puder ir para aquela terra, faça-o.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\r\n
\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> Al-Haithami coletou essa narração em Majma’ Al-Zawa’id<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a> Isfahan: uma região no noroeste do Irã.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 Seu pai era um zoroastriano que adorava o fogo.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[4]<\/a> Al-Shaam: abrange as regiões conhecidas hoje como Líbano, Síria, Palestina e Jordânia.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[5]<\/a> Um ponto importante a destacar aqui é Salman não se afastou do que achava que fosse a verdade naquela época por causa das ações de uma pessoa. Não disse: “Olhe aqueles cristãos! O melhor deles é muito mau!” Ao invés disso, compreendeu que tinha que julgar a religião por suas crenças e não por seus adeptos.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[6]<\/a> Al-Musil: uma grande cidade no noroeste do Iraque.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[7]<\/a> Nasibin: uma cidade na estrada entre Al-Musil e Al-Shaam.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[8]<\/a> Amuria: uma cidade que era parte da região oriental do Império Romano.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(parte 2 de 2): Do Cristianismo ao Islã<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

O homem morreu e Salman ficou em Amuria.  Um dia, “alguns mercadores da tribo de Kalb[1]<\/a> passaram por mim”, disse Salman. “Disse-lhes: ‘Levem-me para a Arábia e darei a vocês minhas vacas e a única ovelha que tenho.’” Eles disseram: “Sim.” Salman deu-lhes o que tinha oferecido e o levaram com eles.  Quando chegaram a Wadi al-Qura [próximo a Medina], venderam-no como escravo a um judeu.  Salman ficou com o judeu e viu as tamareiras [que seus companheiros anteriores tinham descrito].<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Queria que fosse o mesmo lugar descrito por meu companheiro.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Um dia, um homem que era primo do amo de Salman da tribo judaica de Bani Quraidha em Medina veio para uma visita.  Ele comprou Salman de seu amo judeu.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Levou-me com ele para Medina. Por Deus! Quando a vi, sabia que era o lugar que meu companheiro descreveu.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Então, Deus enviou[2]<\/a> seu mensageiro [ou seja, Muhammad, que a misericórdia e bênçãos de Deus estejam sobre ele].  Ficou em Meca pelo mesmo tempo que ele.[3]<\/a> Não ouvi nada a respeito dele porque estava muito ocupado com o trabalho como servo e então ele migrou para Medina.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Um dia, estava em uma tamareira no topo de um de seus cachos de tâmara fazendo um trabalho para meu amo.  Um primo veio, ficou na frente dele [seu amo estava sentado] e disse: “Que pena de Bani Qilah [pessoas da tribo de Qilah]. Estão reunidos em Qiba[4]<\/a> ao redor de um homem que veio hoje de Meca reivindicando ser um profeta!”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Tremi tão fortemente quando o ouvi que tive medo de cair sobre meu amo.  Desci e perguntei: ‘O que está dizendo!?  O que está dizendo!?’<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Meu amo ficou zangado e me esmurrou com força, dizendo: “O que você tem a ver com esse assunto? Vá e cuide da sua vida.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Eu disse: “Nada! Só queria ter certeza do que ele estava falando.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Naquela noite, fui ver o mensageiro de Deus enquanto ele estava em Qiba.  Levei algo comigo do que tinha economizado.  Entrei e disse: “Disseram-me que é um homem virtuoso e que em sua companhia estão estrangeiros em necessidade. Queria oferecer-lhe algo que economizei como caridade. Acho que merece mais do que qualquer outra pessoa.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ofereci a ele; ele disse a seus companheiros: “Comam”, mas ele mesmo manteve sua mão afastada [ou seja, não comeu].  Disse a mim mesmo: “Esse é um [ou seja, um dos sinais de sua missão profética]”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Em seguida a esse encontro com o profeta, que a misericórdia e bênçãos de Deus estejam sobre ele, Salman saiu para preparar outro teste!  Dessa vez trouxe um presente para o profeta em Medina.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Vi que não comeu do que foi dado como caridade. Então, aqui está um presente com o qual desejo honrá-lo.” O profeta comeu e ordenou a seus companheiros que fizessem o mesmo, o que eles fizeram.  Disse a mim mesmo: “Agora são dois [ou seja, dois dos sinais da missão profética]”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

No terceiro encontro Salman veio até Baqi-ul-Gharqad [um cemitério em Medina] onde o profeta, que a misericórdia e bênçãos de Deus estejam sobre ele, participava do funeral de um de seus companheiros.  Salman disse:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Eu o saudei [com a saudação do Islã: ‘Que a paz esteja sobre vós’] e então tentei ver o selo dos profetas em suas costas, que tinha sido descrito por meu companheiro. Quando viu minha atitude, sabia que eu estava tentando confirmar algo descrito a mim. Tirou a túnica de suas costas e vi o selo. Eu o reconheci. Prostrei-me sobre o selo, beijando-o e chorando. O mensageiro de Deus, que a misericórdia e bênção de Deus estejam sobre ele, me disse para conversar com ele. Contei-lhe minha história como fiz com você, Ibn Abas [lembre que Salman está contando sua história para Ibn Abas]. Ele [o profeta] gostou tanto, que queria que eu a contasse a seus companheiros.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ele ainda era um servo, propriedade de seu amo.  O profeta disse a ele: “Faça um contrato [com seu amo] por sua liberdade Salman.” Salman obedeceu e fez um contrato [com seu amo] por sua liberdade.  Chegou a um acordo com seu amo no qual pagaria quarenta onças de ouro e plantaria trezentas novas tamareiras.  O profeta então disse a seus companheiros: “Ajudem seu irmão.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Eles o ajudaram com as tamareiras e juntaram para ele a quantia especificada.  O profeta ordenou a Salman que cavasse buracos adequados para plantar as mudas e plantou cada uma delas com suas próprias mãos.  Salman disse: “Por aquele em Cujas mãos está minha alma [ou seja, Deus], nenhuma árvore morreu.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman deu as árvores para seu amo.  O profeta deu a Salman um pedaço de ouro que era do tamanho do ovo de uma galinha e disse: “Tome isso Salman e pague [ou seja, seu amo] o que deve.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Salman disse: “Quanto é isso em relação ao que devo?”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

O profeta disse: “Pegue! Deus tornará equivalente ao que deve.” [5]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Peguei e pesei uma parte e era quarenta onças.  Salman deu o ouro para seu amo.  Cumpriu o acordo e foi libertado.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

A partir daquele momento, Salman tornou-se um dos companheiros mais próximos do profeta.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

A Busca pela Verdade<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

Um dos grandes companheiros do profeta, com o nome de Abu Hurairah, relatou:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Estávamos sentados na companhia do mensageiro de Deus quando a surata al-Jumuah (surata 62) foi revelada. Ele recitou essas palavras:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Ele foi Quem escolheu, entre os iletrados, um Mensageiro da sua estirpe, para ditar-lhes os Seus versículos, consagrá-los e ensinar-lhes o Livro e a sabedoria, porque antes estavam em evidente erro.”   (Alcorão 62:3)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Uma pessoa perguntou: “Ó mensageiro de Deus!  Quem são os que estavam em evidente erro?”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

O mensageiro de Deus não respondeu.  Salman, o persa estava entre nós.  O mensageiro de Deus colocou sua mão em Salman e disse: “Por Aquele em Cujas mãos está minha alma, mesmo que a fé estivesse próxima às Plêiades (as sete estrelas) homens como esse [ou seja, do povo de Salman] certamente a alcançariam.” (At-Tirmidhi<\/em>)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Muitos nesse mundo são como Salman, buscando pela verdade sobre o Verdadeiro e Único Deus.  Essa história de Salman é semelhante às histórias de pessoas em nossa própria época.  A busca de algumas pessoas as leva de uma igreja a outra, da igreja para o Budismo ou passividade, do Judaísmo para a “neutralidade”, de religião a meditações e abuso mental.  São os que mudam de uma ideia para outra, mas não nem pensam em saber algo sobre o Islã!  Quando encontraram alguns muçulmanos, entretanto, abriram suas mentes.  A história de Salman é a de uma longa busca.  Você pode encurtar sua busca beneficiando-se da dele.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\r\n
\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> Uma tribo árabe.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a> Salman chegou em Medina antes que Muhammad, que a misericórdia e bênçãos de Deus estejam sobre ele, fosse comissionado como profeta.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[3]<\/a> Treze anos após ter recebido a revelação de Deus.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[4]<\/a> As cercanias de Medina.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[5]<\/a> Um milagre de Deus.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

<\/h1>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":8238,"lft":4864,"rght":4865,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-10-18T04:52:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-04T07:22:15.000000Z","language_id":15,"user_id":7,"author_id":3193,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":10,"parent_id":2537,"author_name":"Salman the Persian","category_name":"Why I became a Muslim!","category_slug":"Why-I-became-a-Muslim!","get_date":"2014-10-18","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/pt-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/pt-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.docx"},{"id":2542,"title":"\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u00b7\u6cd5\u52d2\u897f\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5386\u7a0b","slug":"ggggttttt","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/zh-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/zh-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:ggggttttt","hint":"","body":"

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\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u2236“\u6307\u4e3b\u53d1\u8a93\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4e3e\u884c\u846c\u793c\u4e86\u3002”[4]<\/a>\u6559\u5f92\u4eec\u5546\u8bae\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u5c38\u4f53\u9489\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u5411\u4ed6\u629b\u6254\u77f3\u5757\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba9\u6211\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f4f\u5728\u6559\u5802\u91cc\uff0c\u53c8\u4efb\u547d\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u63a5\u4efb\u3002\u65b0\u6765\u7684\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u89c1\u8fc7\u50cf\u4ed6\u4e00\u6837\u65e5\u591c\u62dc\u4e3b\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u8d2a\u56fe\u73b0\u4e16\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ffd\u6c42\u540e\u4e16\u7684\u6c38\u751f\u3002\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u4ed6\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5728\u4ed6\u53bb\u4e16\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u548c\u4ed6\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5f53\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e34\u8fd1\u4ed6\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a“\u67d0\u67d0\u4eba\u554a\uff01\u6211\u8ddf\u4f60\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f8e\u597d\u65f6\u5149\uff0c\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u4f60\u80dc\u8fc7\u6211\u4ee5\u524d\u6240\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u6b7b\u795e\u5c06\u8981\u6765\u4e34\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4f60\u63a8\u8350\u6211\u7ee7\u7eed\u8ddf\u7740\u8c01\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u5631\u5490\u6211\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u8bf4\uff1a“\u6307\u4e3b\u53d1\u8a93\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u90fd\u5728\u4e8f\u6298\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u6469\u82cf\u5c14[5]<\/a>  \u7684\u67d0\u4eba\u4e4b\u5916\u6211\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd8\u6709\u8c01\u5728\u575a\u5b88\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u4f60\u53bb\u627e\u4ed6\u5427\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ed6\u7ed9\u4e86\u6211\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u52a8\u8eab\u53bb\u627e\u4ed6\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u6211\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u90a3\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a“\u67d0\u67d0\u4eba\u4e34\u6b7b\u524d\u5631\u5490\u6211\u6765\u627e\u4f60\uff0c\u4ed6\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4f60\u548c\u4ed6\u6709\u7740\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u64cd\u6301\u3002”\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u8ddf\u7740\u4ed6\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u53d1\u89c9\u4ed6\u662f\u4e2a\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u8654\u8bda\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u771f\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u6b7b\u4e86\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4e34\u6b7b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5411\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6211\u66fe\u5411\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u63d0\u8fc7\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7740\u4e0e\u4ed6\u540c\u6837\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u64cd\u5b88\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6211\u53bb\u8ffd\u968f\u4ed6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a“\u6307\u4e3b\u53d1\u8a93\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u90fd\u5728\u4e8f\u6298\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u7eb3\u5e0c\u5bbe[6]<\/a>  \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u5916\u6211\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd8\u6709\u8c01\u5728\u575a\u5b88\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u662f\u67d0\u67d0\uff0c\u4f60\u53bb\u8ffd\u968f\u4ed6\u5427\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u9001\u846c\u4e86\u6b64\u4eba\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u65c5\u884c\u5230\u7eb3\u5e0c\u5bbe\u53bb\u6b64\u4eba\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u6211\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u90a3\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u548c\u4ed6\u671d\u5915\u76f8\u4f34\uff0c\u4f46\u597d\u666f\u4e0d\u957f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u4e3b\u6559\u53c8\u75c5\u5165\u818f\u8093\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e8e\u4eba\u4e16\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u6b7b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u6765\u5230\u4ed6\u8ddf\u524d\uff0c\u5411\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6559\u5728\u4ed6\u4e4b\u540e\u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u53bb\u8ffd\u968f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5efa\u8bae\u6211\u53bb\u627e\u963f\u7a46\u91cc\u4e9a\u57ce[7]<\/a>  \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u9001\u8d70\u4e86\u8fd9\u4f4d\u4e3b\u6559\uff0c\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u4fbf\u53bb\u4e86\u963f\u7a46\u91cc\u4e9a\u57ce\u627e\u90a3\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u56e2\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u8d5b\u52d2\u66fc\u4e00\u8fb9\u8ddf\u968f\u65b0\u7684\u4e3b\u6559\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4e00\u8fb9\u8c0b\u6c42\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8425\u751f\uff0c\u7267\u517b\u7740\u51e0\u5934\u725b\u548c\u4e00\u53ea\u7f8a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u4e3b\u6559\u5e74\u4e8b\u5df2\u9ad8\uff0c\u6ca1\u8fc7\u591a\u4e45\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u6765\u4e34\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u963f\u7a46\u91cc\u4e9a\u4e3b\u6559\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u6b7b\u524d\uff0c\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u95ee\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6b21\u4ed6\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u4e0e\u524d\u51e0\u6b21\u7684\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u8bf4\uff1a\u4ed6\u5bf9\u6211\u8bf4\uff1a“\u5b69\u5b50\u554a\uff01\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd8\u6709\u8c01\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u575a\u5b88\u7740\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u5728\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u5c06\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f7f\u8005\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u4f7f\u8005\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u5c06\u4e0e\u6613\u535c\u62c9\u6b23\u5723\u4eba\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u540c\u51fa\u4e00\u8f99\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4ed6\u5bf9\u6211\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5c06\u6765\u8981\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5148\u77e5\uff1a“\u4ed6\u5c06\u4ee5\u6613\u535c\u62c9\u6b23\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u88ab\u6d3e\u9063\u4e8e\u4e16\uff1b\u4ed6\u5c06\u5728\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5730\u65b9\u4e24\u7247\u9ed1\u77f3\u5730\u5e26\u4e4b\u95f4\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u751f\u957f\u7740\u6930\u67a3\u6811\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u8ff9\u8c61\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u63a5\u53d7\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u65bd\u820d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u63a5\u53d7\u522b\u4eba\u9001\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u793c\u7269\uff1b\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4e24\u80a9\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4e00\u5757\u5148\u77e5\u7684\u5370\u8bb0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u53bb\u6295\u5954\u4ed6\u5427\uff01”\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\r\n
\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\u811a\u6ce8<\/strong>:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> \u6d77\u585e\u7c73\u5728\u9ea6\u57fa\u9ea6\u5c14\u5219\u74e6\u4f0a\u5fb7\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a> \u5728\u4eca\u4f0a\u6717\u897f\u5317\u90e8\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[3]<\/a> \u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u66fe\u662f\u5d07\u62dc\u706b\u7684\u9ea6\u54f2\u4f26\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[4]<\/a> \u5728\u8fd9\u513f\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u8d5b\u52d2\u66fc\u6ca1\u6709\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u8f6c\u53d8\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8bf4\uff1a“\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4eec\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u6700\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u4eba\u8fd9\u4e48\u90aa\u6076\u3002”\u800c\u6df1\u77e5\u4ed6\u5e94\u8be5\u4ee5\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8861\u91cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[5]<\/a> \u6469\u82cf\u5c14\u662f\u4f0a\u6717\u897f\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[6]<\/a> \u7eb3\u5e0c\u5bbe\u662f\u6469\u82cf\u5c14\u548c\u6c99\u59c6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[7]<\/a> \u963f\u7a46\u91cc\u4e9a\u662f\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9547\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff082\/2\uff09\uff1a\u4ece\u4fe1\u4ef0\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5230\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5723\u95e8\u5f1f\u5b50\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc·\u6cd5\u52d2\u897f\uff0c\u66fe\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u62dc\u706b\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u4ed6\u5bfb\u627e\u771f\u7406\u7684\u8270\u82e6\u5386\u7a0b\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u4ece\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5230\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5728\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u5bfb\u89c5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u6700\u7ec8\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u671f\u5f85\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u5148\u77e5\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u5148\u77e5\u6700\u4eb2\u8fd1\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u963f\u7a46\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u90a3\u4f4d\u957f\u8001\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5446\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a“\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4f4d\u5361\u5c14\u5e03\u90e8\u65cf[1]<\/a>\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u5230\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5730\u65b9\u53bb\u3002\u6211\u544a\u8bc9\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\uff1a\u4f60\u4eec\u5e26\u4e0a\u6211\u540c\u884c\u5427\uff0c\u6211\u628a\u6211\u7684\u725b\u7f8a\u90fd\u7ed9\u4f60\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u916c\u8c22\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002 \u6211\u5c31\u628a\u6211\u7684\u6240\u6709\u79ef\u84c4\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u5e26\u6211\u51fa\u53d1\u4e86\u3002\u5f53\u5230\u4e86\u74e6\u8fea·\u53e4\u62c9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u53cd\u5e38\u6001\uff0c\u628a\u6211\u5f53\u4f5c\u5974\u96b6\u5356\u7ed9\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u4ee5\u5974\u96b6\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u8eab\u8fb9\u3002\u4f46\u4ee4\u6211\u6b23\u559c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u770b\u5230\u90a3\u91cc\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6930\u67a3\u6811\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u90a3\u4f4d\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u6211\u771f\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4f4d\u667a\u8005\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4eba\u7684\u4f84\u513f\u4ece\u9ea6\u5730\u90a3\u7684\u767d\u5c3c·\u53e4\u6765\u4f50\u6765\u770b\u4ed6\u7684\u53d4\u53d4\uff0c\u4e34\u8d70\u65f6\u4ece\u4ed6\u7684\u53d4\u53d4\u624b\u91cc\u628a\u8d5b\u52d2\u66fc\u4e70\u8d70\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“\u65b0\u4e3b\u4eba\u628a\u6211\u5e26\u5230\u4e86\u53f6\u65af\u91cc\u5e03\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u5230\u5904\u957f\u6ee1\u4e86\u6930\u67a3\u6811\uff0c\u6307\u4e3b\u53d1\u8a93\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u666f\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u963f\u7a46\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u90a3\u4f4d\u667a\u8005\u7ed9\u6211\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fc7\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u771f\u4e3b\u6d3e\u9063\u4e86\u4f7f\u8005\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\uff08\u613f\u4e3b\u798f\u5b89\u4e4b\uff09[2]<\/a>\uff0c\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u9ea6\u52a0\u5411\u4ed6\u7684\u65cf\u4eba\u4f20\u64ad\u4f0a\u65af\u5170[3]<\/a>\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4ee5\u540e\u624d\u542c\u8bf4\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u6211\u5230\u4e86\u53f6\u65af\u91cc\u5e03\uff0c\u8eab\u4e3a\u5974\u96b6\uff0c\u65e5\u591c\u4ece\u4e8b\u7740\u7e41\u91cd\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u5916\u754c\u7684\u4e8b\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5148\u77e5\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u9ea6\u5730\u90a3\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u722c\u4e0a\u6930\u67a3\u6811\u505a\u5de5\uff0c\u4e3b\u4eba\u5728\u6811\u4e0b\u4e58\u51c9\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4f84\u513f\u8d70\u8fc7\u6765\u7ad9\u5728\u4ed6\u9762\u524d\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8bf4\u2236‘\u613f\u5929\u4e3b\u60e9\u7f5a\u5965\u65af\u548c\u6d77\u5179\u62c9\u5409\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u65cf\u7684\u6df7\u86cb\u4eec\uff01\u6307\u4e3b\u53d1\u8a93\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7adf\u7136\u90fd\u5230\u5e93\u5df4[4]<\/a>\u53bb\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u8981\u5217\u961f\u6b22\u8fce\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u9ea6\u52a0\u6765\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u90a3\u4eba\u81ea\u79f0\u662f\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“\u6211\u5728\u6811\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bdd\u6211\u542c\u5f97\u6e05\u6e05\u695a\u695a\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u7684\u5fc3\u6f6e\u5f00\u59cb\u6f8e\u6e43\uff0c\u6fc0\u52a8\u5f97\u6211\u6709\u4e9b\u5934\u6655\uff0c\u6211\u6015\u5728\u6811\u4e0a\u7ad9\u4e0d\u7a33\uff0c\u4f1a\u6454\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u6211\u4ece\u6811\u4e0a\u722c\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u95ee\u4ed6\u2236‘\u521a\u624d\u60a8\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u80fd\u5426\u8bf7\u6c42\u60a8\u518d\u8bf4\u4e00\u904d\uff1f’\u4e3b\u4eba\u5f88\u751f\u6c14\uff0c\u72e0\u72e0\u63cd\u4e86\u6211\u4e00\u987f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u6211\u5927\u58f0\u543c\u53eb\u2236“\u8fd9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u4f60\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u76f8\u5e72\uff1f\u6eda\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u5e72\u4f60\u7684\u6d3b\u53bb\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“\u6ca1\u4e8b\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u60f3\u786e\u8ba4\u4ed6\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\u3002”\u6211\u8bf4<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“\u90a3\u5929\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5230\u53e4\u5df4\u53bb\u89c1\u771f\u4e3b\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u5e26\u7740\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u6458\u7684\u6930\u67a3\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5148\u77e5\u7684\u9a7b\u5730\u3002\u6211\u8981\u6c42\u664b\u89c1\u5148\u77e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u63a5\u5f85\u4e86\u6211\u3002\u6211\u8bf4\u2236‘\u6211\u542c\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u662f\u4e2a\u9075\u5b88\u6b63\u9053\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u8ddf\u968f\u7740\u4f60\u6765\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u90fd\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u6211\u6709\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u65bd\u820d\u7ed9\u4f60\u4eec\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f60\u6536\u4e0b\u5427\uff01\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u4f60\u4eec\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002’”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“\u6211\u5448\u4e0a\u4e86\u6930\u67a3\uff0c\u5148\u77e5\u6307\u793a\u4ed6\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u4eec\u6536\u4e0b\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5403\u3002\u6211\u5c31\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u8bf4\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u5148\u77e5\u54c1\u7ea7\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ff9\u8c61\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u4e0e\u4f7f\u8005\uff08\u613f\u4e3b\u798f\u5b89\u4e4b\uff09\u8fd9\u6b21\u89c1\u9762\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u60f3\u518d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u4f7f\u8005\uff08\u613f\u4e3b\u798f\u5b89\u4e4b\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ed9\u4f7f\u8005\u62ff\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u793c\u7269\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“\u6211\u8bf4\uff1a‘\u4e0a\u6b21\u6211\u9001\u6765\u7684\u6930\u67a3\uff0c \u6211\u8bf4\u662f\u65bd\u820d\u7ed9\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u6ca1\u5403\u3002 \u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u7ed9\u4f60\u4eec\u9001\u6765\u7684\u6930\u67a3\uff0c\u662f\u4e13\u7a0b\u6765\u732e\u7ed9\u4f60\u7684\u793c\u7269\u3002’\u4ed6\u6536\u4e0b\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u4eec\u90fd\u5403\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u6930\u67a3\u3002\u6211\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u8bf4\uff1a‘\u8fd9\u662f\u5148\u77e5\u54c1\u7ea7\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8ff9\u8c61\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\uff0c\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u6765\u5230\u4e86\u767d\u7ed9\u5c14\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4f7f\u8005\uff08\u613f\u4e3b\u798f\u5b89\u4e4b\uff09\u6765\u9001\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f1f\u5b50\u3002\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u8bf4\uff1a“\u6211\u4ee5\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5411\u4f7f\u8005\uff08\u613f\u4e3b\u798f\u5b89\u4e4b\uff09\u81f4\u4e86\u95ee\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u8bd5\u7740\u8d70\u5230\u4f7f\u8005\u7684\u540e\u9762\u60f3\u770b\u770b\u90a3\u4f4d\u667a\u8005\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u5723\u54c1\u7684\u80ce\u8bb0\uff0c\u5f53\u4f7f\u8005\u770b\u5230\u6211\u7684\u4e3e\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u660e\u767d\u4e86\u6211\u60f3\u4ece\u4ed6\u7684\u8eab\u4e0a\u786e\u8ba4\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4ed6\u655e\u5f00\u4e86\u8863\u670d\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u770b\u4e86\u4e24\u80a9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u80ce\u8bb0\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u786e\u5b9a\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u771f\u4e3b\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u3002\u6fc0\u52a8\u5f97\u6211\u4fef\u4e0b\u8eab\u54ed\u6ce3\u7740\u4eb2\u543b\u4e86\u4ed6\u3002\u4f7f\u8005\uff08\u613f\u4e3b\u798f\u5b89\u4e4b\uff09\u8ba9\u6211\u5230\u4e00\u8fb9\u8c08\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u628a\u6211\u7684\u4e8b\u539f\u539f\u672c\u672c\u7684\u544a\u8bc9\u4e86\u4f7f\u8005\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\uff08\u613f\u4e3b\u798f\u5b89\u4e4b\uff09\u975e\u5e38\u6b23\u6170\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u628a\u6211\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u8bb2\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u4eec\u542c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4eba\u624b\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5974\u96b6\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\u8bf4\uff1a“\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\uff0c\u4f60\u8ddf\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u5546\u91cf\u4e00\u4e0b\u6709\u5173\u8d4e\u8eab\u7684\u4e8b\u3002”\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u5c31\u7167\u505a\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u8c08\u59a5\u4e86\u8d4e\u8eab\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u7b79\u7801\u5c31\u662f40\u4e2a\u91d1\u5e01\u548c\u5728\u4e00\u5757\u7a7a\u5730\u4e0a\u79cd\u4e0a\u5927\u6982\u4e09\u767e\u591a\u68f5\u6930\u67a3\u6811\u3002\u4f7f\u8005\uff08\u613f\u4e3b\u798f\u5b89\u4e4b\uff09\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u4eec\u8bf4\uff1a“\u5e2e\u5e2e\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u5427\uff01”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e2e\u52a9\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u79cd\u4e86\u6811\uff0c\u5e76\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u7b79\u96c6\u8d4e\u8eab\u7528\u7684\u94b1\u5e01\u3002\u4f7f\u8005\u8ba9\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u6316\u79cd\u690d\u6811\u82d7\u7684\u5751\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u8005\u4eb2\u624b\u79cd\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6811\u82d7\uff0c\u6307\u4e3b\u53d1\u8a93\uff0c\u8fde\u4e00\u68f5\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u6b7b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6811\u90fd\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9e21\u86cb\u5927\u7684\u91d1\u5757\u7ed9\u4e86\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u8bf4\uff1a“\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\uff0c\u62ff\u7740\uff0c\u53bb\u507f\u8fd8\u4f60\u6240\u6b20\u7684\u503a\u52a1\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u8bf4\uff1a“\u4f60\u7ed9\u6211\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u6765\u8fd8\u6211\u7684\u503a\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“\u6211\u6536\u4e0b\u4e86\u90a3\u5757\u91d1\u5b50\uff0c\u5e76\u79f0\u4e86\u79f0\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u91cd\u91cf\u4e3a49\u82f1\u4e24\u3002”\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u94b1\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\uff0c\u4e3b\u4eba\u5c65\u884c\u4e86\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u7ec8\u4e8e\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4ece\u6b64\uff0c\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u4fbf\u6210\u4e86\u771f\u4e3b\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u6700\u4eb2\u8fd1\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5bfb\u6c42\u771f\u7406<\/span><\/h3>\r\n

\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5723\u95e8\u5f1f\u5b50\u827e\u5e03·\u80e1\u83b1\u52d2\u4f20\u8ff0\uff1a“\u300a\u805a\u793c\u7ae0\u300b\u9881\u964d\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u8005\u65c1\u8fb9\u3002\u4f7f\u8005\u8bf5\u8bfb\u5230‘\u5e76\u6559\u5316\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8d76\u4e0a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002\u771f\u4e3b\u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u81f3\u777f\u3002’\uff08\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b 62:3\uff09\u8fd9\u8282\u7ecf\u6587\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u4eba\u95ee\u4f7f\u8005\uff0c‘\u771f\u4e3b\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u554a\uff01\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8d76\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u8c01\uff1f’\u4f7f\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc·\u6cd5\u52d2\u897f\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\u628a\u624b\u653e\u5728\u8d5b\u52d2\u66fc\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bf4\uff1a“\u8a93\u4ee5\u6211\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5728\u5176\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u771f\u4e3b\uff01\u5047\u82e5\u4f0a\u739b\u5c3c\u8fdc\u5728\u661f\u5bbf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u6458\u53d6\u5f97\u5230\u3002”[5]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u50cf\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u8fd9\u6837\u5bfb\u6c42\u771f\u7406\u548c\u72ec\u4e00\u7684\u4e3b\u5bb0\uff08\u5b89\u62c9\uff09\u7684\u4eba\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u5728\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5bfb\u6c42\u771f\u7406\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\u4e0e\u5f53\u521d\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u5bfb\u6c42\u771f\u7406\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\u5176\u5b9e\u6709\u7740\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u6559\u5802\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u4ece\u6559\u5802\u5230\u5e99\u5b87\uff0c\u4ece\u5b97\u6559\u6781\u7aef\u5230\u5b97\u6559\u6e29\u548c\uff0c\u6216\u4ece\u5b97\u6559\u6c89\u601d\u5230\u5b97\u6559\u72c2\u70ed\uff0c\u4ece\u4e00\u79cd\u601d\u60f3\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u601d\u60f3……\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u60f3\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\u89e3\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u9082\u9005\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u89c6\u91ce\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u8d5b\u91cc\u66fc\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u5bfb\u627e\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u4f60\u80fd\u4ece\u4ed6\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\u7f29\u77ed\u4f60\u5bfb\u627e\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\r\n
\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\u811a\u6ce8<\/strong>:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a> \u4e00\u4e2a\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u90e8\u843d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a> \u8d5b\u52d2\u66fc\u5230\u9ea6\u5730\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u8005\uff08\u613f\u4e3b\u798f\u5b89\u4e4b\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u88ab\u6d3e\u9063\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[3]<\/a> \u5728\u63a5\u5230\u771f\u4e3b\u7684\u542f\u793a\u540e\u7684\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[4]<\/a> \u9ea6\u5730\u90a3\u7684\u90ca\u533a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[5]<\/a> \u94c1\u5c14\u7c73\u5179\u5723\u8bad\u96c6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

<\/h1>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":11147,"lft":4866,"rght":4867,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-10-18T04:52:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-04T09:05:26.000000Z","language_id":18,"user_id":7,"author_id":3193,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":10,"parent_id":2537,"author_name":"Salman the Persian","category_name":"Why I became a Muslim!","category_slug":"Why-I-became-a-Muslim!","get_date":"2014-10-18","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/zh-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/zh-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.docx"},{"id":2543,"title":"\u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u4eba\u306e\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u3000\u5143\u30be\u30ed\u30a2\u30b9\u30bf","slug":"-ffrrrr","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/ja-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/ja-Salman the Persian, Zoroastrian, Persia.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:-ffrrrr","hint":"","body":"

\u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u4eba\u306e\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u3000\u5143\u30be\u30ed\u30a2\u30b9\u30bf<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u30fc\u6559\u5f92\uff08\u524d\u534a\uff09\uff1a\u30be\u30ed\u30a2\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u6559\u304b\u3089\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u3078<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\u9810\u8a00\u8005\u30e0\u30cf\u30f3\u30de\u30c9\uff08\u795e\u306e\u6148\u60b2\u3068\u795d\u798f\u3042\u308c\uff09\u306e\u795d\u798f\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6559\u53cb\u3001\u300c\u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u4eba\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u300d\u304c\u3001\u30a4\u30b9\u30e9\u30fc\u30e0\u3078\u306e\u65c5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a9e\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff11<\/a>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 “\u79c1\u306f\u30a4\u30b9\u30d5\u30a1\u30cf\u30f3[1]<\/a>\u306e\u30b8\u30e3\u30a4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u308b\u753a\u51fa\u8eab\u306e\u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u306e\u7236\u306f\u753a\u9577\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u795e\u306e\u88ab\u9020\u7269\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u6700\u3082\u611b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8005\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u3078\u306e\u6df1\u3044\u611b\u60c5\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u706f\u3057\u305f\u706b\u306e\u7ba1\u7406[2]<\/a>\u3092\u79c1\u306b\u4efb\u305b\u308b\u307b\u3069\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u305d\u308c\u304c\u6d88\u3048\u3066\u3057\u307e\u308f\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u52aa\u529b\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306e\u7236\u306f\u5e83\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u80a5\u6c83\u306a\u571f\u58cc\u3092\u6240\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3042\u308b\u65e5\u3001\u5efa\u7bc9\u4f5c\u696d\u306b\u5fd9\u3057\u304b\u3063\u305f\u5f7c\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u304c\u7551\u306b\u884c\u304d\u3001\u5f7c\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u8fb2\u4f5c\u696d\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u7551\u3078\u306e\u9014\u4e2d\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u306e\u6559\u4f1a\u3092\u901a\u308a\u304b\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3053\u304b\u3089\u306f\u7948\u308a\u3092\u6367\u3052\u308b\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u58f0\u304c\u805e\u3053\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u7236\u306f\u79c1\u3092\u5bb6\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u9589\u3058\u8fbc\u3081\u3066\u3044\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u4eba\u3005\u304c\u5916\u3067\u3069\u3046\u3044\u3046\u66ae\u3089\u3057\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u77e5\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\uff08\u6559\u4f1a\u306e\uff09\u4eba\u3005\u3092\u901a\u308a\u304b\u304b\u308a\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u58f0\u3092\u805e\u3044\u305f\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u5165\u3063\u3066\u5f7c\u3089\u304c\u4f55\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u898b\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u3089\u3092\u76ee\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u793c\u62dd\u3092\u6c17\u306b\u5165\u308a\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u8208\u5473\u3092\u3082\u3061\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\uff08\u81ea\u5206\u81ea\u8eab\u306b\uff09\u3053\u3046\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306f\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3088\u308a\u3082\u512a\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3060\u3002”\u3000\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u65e5\u6ca1\u307e\u3067\u305d\u3053\u306b\u5c45\u7d9a\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u7236\u306e\u7551\u306b\u306f\u884c\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\uff08\u6559\u4f1a\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306b\uff09\u5c0b\u306d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u3053\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306f\u3069\u3053\u306e\u7531\u6765\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 “\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002‘\u30a2\u30c3\uff1d\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30e0\uff16<\/a>\u3060\u3002’<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5fc3\u914d\u3057\u3001\u4f7f\u3044\u3092\u9001\u3063\u3066\u304d\u305f\u7236\u306e\u5143\u306b\u623b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u304c\u5230\u7740\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002‘\u606f\u5b50\u3088\uff01\u4e00\u4f53\u3069\u3053\u306b\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u3060\uff1f\u79c1\u306f\u304a\u524d\u306b\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u4efb\u305b\u3066\u306f\u3044\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u304b\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u7236\u3088\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u6559\u4f1a\u3067\u7948\u308b\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u901a\u308a\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u3092\u6c17\u306b\u5165\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u65e5\u6ca1\u307e\u3067\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u5143\u306b\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7236\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u606f\u5b50\u3088\uff01\u3000\u305d\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u826f\u3044\u3068\u3053\u308d\u306f\u4f55\u3082\u306a\u3044\u3002\u304a\u524d\u3068\u304a\u524d\u306e\u7236\u7956\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306f\u3088\u308a\u512a\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3060\u3002’\u3000”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 “\u3044\u3044\u3048\u3002\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u3042\u308c\u306f\u6211\u3005\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u3088\u308a\u3082\u512a\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u306f\u79c1\u3092\u8105\u3057\u3001\u4e21\u8db3\u306b\u9396\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3001\u5bb6\u306b\u9589\u3058\u8fbc\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u5f92\u305f\u3061\u306b\u624b\u7d19\u3092\u9001\u308a\u3001\u3082\u3057\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u5f92\u306e\u968a\u5546\u304c\u30a2\u30c3\uff1d\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30e0\u304b\u3089\u5230\u7740\u3057\u305f\u3089\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u8981\u8acb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u968a\u5546\u304c\u5230\u7740\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u79c1\u306b\u544a\u3052\u3066\u304f\u308c\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3089\uff08\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u5f92\u305f\u3061\uff09\u306b\u968a\u5546\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u304c\u5546\u53d6\u5f15\u3092\u7d42\u3048\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u56fd\u306b\u5e30\u308b\u3068\u304d\u304c\u6765\u305f\u3089\u307e\u305f\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u983c\u307f\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3089\u304b\u3089\uff08\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\uff09\u305d\u306e\u901a\u77e5\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u30a2\u30c3\uff1d\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30e0\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306f\u56fd\u306b\u5e30\u308b\u6e96\u5099\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u8db3\u306e\u9396\u3092\u5916\u3057\u3001\uff08\u968a\u5546\u306b\uff09\u52a0\u308f\u3063\u3066\u30a2\u30c3\uff1d\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30e0\u307e\u3067\u65c5\u3092\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5230\u7740\u5f8c\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5c0b\u306d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\uff08\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\uff09\u3053\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6700\u5584\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306f\u8ab0\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u53f8\u6559\u3060\u3002\uff08\u5f7c\u306f\uff09\u6559\u4f1a\u306b\u3044\u308b\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u306e\u5143\u30d8\u884c\u304d\u3001\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u79c1\u306f\u3053\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u304c\u597d\u304d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u304b\u3089\u5b66\u3073\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3068\u5171\u306b\u793c\u62dd\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u51fa\u6765\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3068\u7559\u307e\u308a\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u6559\u4f1a\u306b\u5949\u4ed5\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u3053\u3053\u306b\u5165\u308a\u3001\u79c1\u3068\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u7559\u307e\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a31\u53ef\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3002”\u3000\u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u306e\u6559\u4f1a\u306b\u5165\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u3057\u3070\u3089\u304f\u7d4c\u3064\u3068\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u53f8\u6559\u304c\u60aa\u4eba\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u559c\u6368\u3092\u6255\u3046\u3088\u3046\u6c42\u3081\u3064\u3064\u3082\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u84c4\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u767a\u898b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u8ca7\u8005\u306b\u5206\u3051\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u308a\u306f\u305b\u305a\u30017\u3064\u3082\u306e\u58fa\u306b\u91d1\u9280\u3092\u8caf\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u7d9a\u3051\u307e\u3059\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u306e\u884c\u3044\u304b\u3089\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3092\u8efd\u8511\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\uff08\u53f8\u6559\uff09\u306f\u6b7b\u306b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u5f92\u305f\u3061\u306f\u5f7c\u3092\u57cb\u846c\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u96c6\u5408\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3089\u306b\u3001\u5f7c\u304c\u81ea\u5206\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u84c4\u3048\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u559c\u6368\u3092\u4fc3\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u5168\u304f\u8ca7\u8005\u306b\u5206\u3051\u4e0e\u3048\u306f\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u60aa\u4eba\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u544a\u3052\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u305d\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u77e5\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3060\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u7b54\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u5f7c\u306e\u8ca1\u7523\u3092\u304a\u898b\u305b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u898b\u305b\u306a\u3055\u3044\uff01”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u306e\uff08\u84c4\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305f\uff09\u5834\u6240\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u91d1\u9280\u306e\u3064\u307e\u3063\u305f7\u3064\u306e\u58fa\u3092\u56de\u53ce\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u898b\u305f\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u3053\u3046\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6211\u3005\u306f\u7d76\u5bfe\u306b\u5f7c\u3092\u57cb\u846c\u3057\u305f\u308a\u306f\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002”\u3000\u305d\u3057\u3066\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u5f7c\u3092\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u306b\u306f\u308a\u3064\u3051\u306b\u3057\u3001\u6295\u77f3\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\uff17<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u53f8\u6559\u3092\u4efb\u547d\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\uff08\u65b0\u53f8\u6559\uff09\u3088\u308a\u3082\u512a\u308c\u305f\u793c\u62dd\u3092\u3059\u308b\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u76ee\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5f7c\u3088\u308a\u3082\u73fe\u4e16\u304b\u3089\u96e2\u308c\u3001\u6765\u4e16\u306b\u91cd\u304d\u3092\u7f6e\u304f\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u663c\u591c\u306b\u6e21\u3063\u3066\u50cd\u304d\u901a\u3057\u305f\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u898b\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3092\u3001\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u611b\u3057\u305f\u8ab0\u3088\u308a\u3082\u611b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u304c\u4ea1\u304f\u306a\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u671f\u9593\u3092\u5f7c\u3068\u904e\u3054\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306e\u6b7b\u304c\u8fd1\u3065\u3044\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u306b\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u79c1\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3068\u7559\u307e\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u611b\u3057\u305f\u8ab0\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3092\u611b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u795e\u306e\u5b9a\u3081\uff08\u6b7b\uff09\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4eca\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u8ab0\u3092\uff08\u79c1\u304c\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u904e\u3054\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3092\uff09\u52e7\u3081\u3001\u4f55\u3092\u79c1\u306b\u547d\u3058\u307e\u3059\u304b\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u53f8\u6559\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\uff01\u3000\u4eba\u3005\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u9053\u3092\u5931\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u3092\u306d\u3058\u66f2\u3052\u3001\u5909\u3048\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3063\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u30e2\u30fc\u30b9\u30eb\uff18<\/a>\u306e\u7537\u3088\u308a\u3082\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u4f9d\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3086\u3048\u3001\u5f7c\u3068\u5171\u306b\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3060\uff08\u305d\u3057\u3066\u5f7c\u306f\u5f7c\u306e\u540d\u3092\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u304c\u4ea1\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u30e2\u30fc\u30b9\u30eb\u3078\u884c\u304d\u3001\u5f7c\u306e\u52e7\u3081\u305f\u4eba\u7269\u3068\u51fa\u4f1a\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u306b\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\uff08\u3042\u308b\u4eba\u7269\u304c\uff09\u6b7b\u306e\u5e8a\u3067\u79c1\u306b\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3068\u5171\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u79c1\u306b\u52e7\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u304c\uff08\u6211\u3005\u3068\u540c\u3058\u5b97\u6559\u306b\uff09\u7559\u307e\u308a\u7d9a\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002”\u3000\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3068\u7559\u307e\u308a\u3001\u5f7c\u304c\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u6700\u5584\u306e\u4eba\u7269\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3084\u304c\u3066\u5f7c\u3082\u4ea1\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6b7b\u304c\u8fd1\u3065\u3044\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\uff08\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff09\u540c\u3058\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5225\u306e\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u52e7\u3081\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u5f7c\u306b\u983c\u307f\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7537\u6027\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\uff01\u3000\u79c1\u306f\u30ca\u30b9\u30a3\u30fc\u30d3\u30fc\u30f3\uff19<\/a>\u306e\u4eba\u7269\u4ee5\u5916\u306b\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u3068\u540c\u3058\uff08\u5b97\u6559\uff09\u306b\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5f7c\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\uff08\u4f55\u67d0\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff09\u3002\u5f7c\u306e\u5143\u30d8\u884c\u304d\u3001\u5f7c\u3068\u5171\u306b\u3042\u308a\u306a\u3055\u3044\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u306b\u6b7b\u304c\u8a2a\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u30ca\u30b9\u30a3\u30fc\u30d3\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u7537\u6027\u306e\u5143\u3078\u3068\u65c5\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002”\u3000\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u305d\u306e\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u3001\u5f7c\u306e\u3082\u3068\u306b\u3057\u3070\u3089\u304f\u7559\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3053\u3068\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306b\u6b7b\u304c\u8fd1\u3065\u304d\u3001\u5f7c\u304c\u6b7b\u306c\u524d\u306b\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u3069\u3053\u306e\u8ab0\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u3079\u304d\u304b\u52a9\u8a00\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u7537\u6027\u306f\u3001\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u304c\u540c\u3058\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u30a2\u30e0\u30ea\u30a2\uff11\uff10<\/a>\u306e\u5225\u306e\u7537\u6027\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3078\u884c\u304f\u3088\u3046\u52a9\u8a00\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u306e\u6b7b\u5f8c\u3001\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u30a2\u30e0\u30ea\u30a2\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u52a9\u8a00\u901a\u308a\u306e\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u3001\u5f7c\u306b\u52a0\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u50cd\u304d\u3001“\u4f55\u982d\u304b\u306e\u725b\u3068\u4e00\u5339\u306e\u7f8a\u3092\u624b\u306b\u5165\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u30a2\u30e0\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u7537\u306b\u3082\u6b7b\u304c\u8fd1\u3065\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u52a9\u8a00\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\uff08\u4eca\u56de\u306e\uff09\u7b54\u3048\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7537\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u606f\u5b50\u3088\uff01\u3000\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306e\u7559\u307e\u308b\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8005\u3092\u79c1\u306f\u8ab0\u3082\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u751f\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9593\u306b\u9810\u8a00\u8005\u304c\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u9810\u8a00\u8005\u306f\u30a2\u30d6\u30e9\u30cf\u30e0\u3068\u540c\u3058\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7537\u306f\u3053\u306e\u9810\u8a00\u8005\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3053\u3046\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u5f7c\u306f\u30a2\u30d6\u30e9\u30cf\u30e0\u3068\u540c\u3058\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u9063\u308f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u30a2\u30e9\u30d3\u30a2\u306e\u571f\u5730\u304b\u3089\u73fe\u308c\u3001\uff08\u706b\u3067\u713c\u304b\u308c\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\uff09\u9ed2\u77f3\u306b\u6e80\u305f\u3055\u308c\u305f2\u3064\u306e\u571f\u5730\u306e\u9593\u306b\u79fb\u4f4f\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u3002\u3053\u308c\u30892\u3064\u306e\u571f\u5730\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u30e4\u30b7\u306e\u6728\u304c\u751f\u3044\u8302\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u3057\u308b\u3057\u304b\u3089\u5224\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u8d08\u308a\u7269\u306e\u98df\u3079\u7269\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3066\u98df\u3079\u308b\u304c\u3001\u559c\u6368\u304b\u3089\u306f\u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5f7c\u306e\u4e21\u80a9\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u9810\u8a00\u8005\u306e\u5c01\u5370\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u571f\u5730\u306b\u884c\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u51fa\u6765\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3001\u305d\u3046\u3057\u306a\u3055\u3044\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\r\n
\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff11<\/a>          \u30a2\u30eb\uff1d\u30cf\u30a4\u30b5\u30df\u30fc\u304c\u30de\u30b8\u30e5\u30de\u30a2\u30fb\u30a2\u30eb\uff1d\u30b6\u30ef\u30fc\u30a4\u30c9\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u53ce\u9332\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4f1d\u627f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a>           \u30a4\u30b9\u30d5\u30a1\u30cf\u30f3\uff1a\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u30a4\u30e9\u30f3\u5317\u897f\u90e8\u306e\u5730\u57df\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a>           \u5f7c\u306e\u7236\u306f\u706b\u3092\u5d07\u62dd\u3059\u308b\u30de\u30ae\u6559\u5f92\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff16<\/a>          \u30a2\u30c3\uff1d\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30e0\uff1a\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u30ec\u30d0\u30ce\u30f3\u3001\u30b7\u30ea\u30a2\u3001\u30d1\u30ec\u30b9\u30c1\u30ca\u3001\u30e8\u30eb\u30c0\u30f3\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5730\u57df\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u6307\u3059\u8a00\u8449\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff17<\/a>          \u3053\u3053\u3067\u8a00\u53ca\u3059\u3079\u304d\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u5f53\u6642\u3001\u771f\u5b9f\u306e\u9053\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3082\u306e\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u4eba\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u80cc\u304d\u53bb\u308a\u306f\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6319\u3052\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u3001“\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u5f92\u3092\u898b\u3088\uff01\u3000\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u6700\u5584\u306e\u8005\u306f\u60aa\u4eba\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304b\uff01”\u306a\u3069\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u5b97\u6559\u306e\u8ffd\u5f93\u8005\u305f\u3061\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4fe1\u6761\u304b\u3089\u305d\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u3092\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff18<\/a>          \u30a4\u30e9\u30af\u5317\u897f\u90e8\u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u90fd\u5e02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff19<\/a>          \u30ca\u30b9\u30a3\u30fc\u30d3\u30fc\u30f3\uff1a\u30e0\u30fc\u30b9\u30eb\u3068\u30a2\u30c3\uff1d\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30e0\u3092\u3064\u306a\u3050\u9053\u306e\u9014\u4e2d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u90fd\u5e02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff11<\/a>\u30ed\u30fc\u30de\u5e1d\u56fd\u306e\u6771\u90e8\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u753a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff08\u524d\u534a\uff09\uff1a\u30be\u30ed\u30a2\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u6559\u304b\u3089\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u3078<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\u9810\u8a00\u8005\u30e0\u30cf\u30f3\u30de\u30c9\uff08\u795e\u306e\u6148\u60b2\u3068\u795d\u798f\u3042\u308c\uff09\u306e\u795d\u798f\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6559\u53cb\u3001\u300c\u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u4eba\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u300d\u304c\u3001\u30a4\u30b9\u30e9\u30fc\u30e0\u3078\u306e\u65c5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a9e\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff11<\/a>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 “\u79c1\u306f\u30a4\u30b9\u30d5\u30a1\u30cf\u30f3[1]<\/a>\u306e\u30b8\u30e3\u30a4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u308b\u753a\u51fa\u8eab\u306e\u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u306e\u7236\u306f\u753a\u9577\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u795e\u306e\u88ab\u9020\u7269\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u6700\u3082\u611b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8005\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u3078\u306e\u6df1\u3044\u611b\u60c5\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u706f\u3057\u305f\u706b\u306e\u7ba1\u7406[2]<\/a>\u3092\u79c1\u306b\u4efb\u305b\u308b\u307b\u3069\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u305d\u308c\u304c\u6d88\u3048\u3066\u3057\u307e\u308f\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u52aa\u529b\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306e\u7236\u306f\u5e83\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u80a5\u6c83\u306a\u571f\u58cc\u3092\u6240\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3042\u308b\u65e5\u3001\u5efa\u7bc9\u4f5c\u696d\u306b\u5fd9\u3057\u304b\u3063\u305f\u5f7c\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u304c\u7551\u306b\u884c\u304d\u3001\u5f7c\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u8fb2\u4f5c\u696d\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u7551\u3078\u306e\u9014\u4e2d\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u306e\u6559\u4f1a\u3092\u901a\u308a\u304b\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3053\u304b\u3089\u306f\u7948\u308a\u3092\u6367\u3052\u308b\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u58f0\u304c\u805e\u3053\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u7236\u306f\u79c1\u3092\u5bb6\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u9589\u3058\u8fbc\u3081\u3066\u3044\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u4eba\u3005\u304c\u5916\u3067\u3069\u3046\u3044\u3046\u66ae\u3089\u3057\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u77e5\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\uff08\u6559\u4f1a\u306e\uff09\u4eba\u3005\u3092\u901a\u308a\u304b\u304b\u308a\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u58f0\u3092\u805e\u3044\u305f\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u5165\u3063\u3066\u5f7c\u3089\u304c\u4f55\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u898b\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u3089\u3092\u76ee\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u793c\u62dd\u3092\u6c17\u306b\u5165\u308a\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u8208\u5473\u3092\u3082\u3061\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\uff08\u81ea\u5206\u81ea\u8eab\u306b\uff09\u3053\u3046\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306f\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3088\u308a\u3082\u512a\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3060\u3002”\u3000\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u65e5\u6ca1\u307e\u3067\u305d\u3053\u306b\u5c45\u7d9a\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u7236\u306e\u7551\u306b\u306f\u884c\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\uff08\u6559\u4f1a\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306b\uff09\u5c0b\u306d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u3053\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306f\u3069\u3053\u306e\u7531\u6765\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 “\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002‘\u30a2\u30c3\uff1d\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30e0\uff16<\/a>\u3060\u3002’<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5fc3\u914d\u3057\u3001\u4f7f\u3044\u3092\u9001\u3063\u3066\u304d\u305f\u7236\u306e\u5143\u306b\u623b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u304c\u5230\u7740\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002‘\u606f\u5b50\u3088\uff01\u4e00\u4f53\u3069\u3053\u306b\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u3060\uff1f\u79c1\u306f\u304a\u524d\u306b\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u4efb\u305b\u3066\u306f\u3044\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u304b\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u7236\u3088\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u6559\u4f1a\u3067\u7948\u308b\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u901a\u308a\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u3092\u6c17\u306b\u5165\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u65e5\u6ca1\u307e\u3067\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u5143\u306b\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7236\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u606f\u5b50\u3088\uff01\u3000\u305d\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u826f\u3044\u3068\u3053\u308d\u306f\u4f55\u3082\u306a\u3044\u3002\u304a\u524d\u3068\u304a\u524d\u306e\u7236\u7956\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306f\u3088\u308a\u512a\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3060\u3002’\u3000”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 “\u3044\u3044\u3048\u3002\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u3042\u308c\u306f\u6211\u3005\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u3088\u308a\u3082\u512a\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u306f\u79c1\u3092\u8105\u3057\u3001\u4e21\u8db3\u306b\u9396\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3001\u5bb6\u306b\u9589\u3058\u8fbc\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u5f92\u305f\u3061\u306b\u624b\u7d19\u3092\u9001\u308a\u3001\u3082\u3057\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u5f92\u306e\u968a\u5546\u304c\u30a2\u30c3\uff1d\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30e0\u304b\u3089\u5230\u7740\u3057\u305f\u3089\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u8981\u8acb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u968a\u5546\u304c\u5230\u7740\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u79c1\u306b\u544a\u3052\u3066\u304f\u308c\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3089\uff08\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u5f92\u305f\u3061\uff09\u306b\u968a\u5546\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u304c\u5546\u53d6\u5f15\u3092\u7d42\u3048\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u56fd\u306b\u5e30\u308b\u3068\u304d\u304c\u6765\u305f\u3089\u307e\u305f\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u983c\u307f\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3089\u304b\u3089\uff08\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\uff09\u305d\u306e\u901a\u77e5\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u30a2\u30c3\uff1d\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30e0\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306f\u56fd\u306b\u5e30\u308b\u6e96\u5099\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u8db3\u306e\u9396\u3092\u5916\u3057\u3001\uff08\u968a\u5546\u306b\uff09\u52a0\u308f\u3063\u3066\u30a2\u30c3\uff1d\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30e0\u307e\u3067\u65c5\u3092\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5230\u7740\u5f8c\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5c0b\u306d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\uff08\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\uff09\u3053\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6700\u5584\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306f\u8ab0\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u53f8\u6559\u3060\u3002\uff08\u5f7c\u306f\uff09\u6559\u4f1a\u306b\u3044\u308b\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u306e\u5143\u30d8\u884c\u304d\u3001\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u79c1\u306f\u3053\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u304c\u597d\u304d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u304b\u3089\u5b66\u3073\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3068\u5171\u306b\u793c\u62dd\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u51fa\u6765\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3068\u7559\u307e\u308a\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u6559\u4f1a\u306b\u5949\u4ed5\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u3053\u3053\u306b\u5165\u308a\u3001\u79c1\u3068\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u7559\u307e\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a31\u53ef\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3002”\u3000\u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u306e\u6559\u4f1a\u306b\u5165\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u3057\u3070\u3089\u304f\u7d4c\u3064\u3068\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u53f8\u6559\u304c\u60aa\u4eba\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u559c\u6368\u3092\u6255\u3046\u3088\u3046\u6c42\u3081\u3064\u3064\u3082\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u84c4\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u767a\u898b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u8ca7\u8005\u306b\u5206\u3051\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u308a\u306f\u305b\u305a\u30017\u3064\u3082\u306e\u58fa\u306b\u91d1\u9280\u3092\u8caf\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u7d9a\u3051\u307e\u3059\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u306e\u884c\u3044\u304b\u3089\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3092\u8efd\u8511\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\uff08\u53f8\u6559\uff09\u306f\u6b7b\u306b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u5f92\u305f\u3061\u306f\u5f7c\u3092\u57cb\u846c\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u96c6\u5408\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3089\u306b\u3001\u5f7c\u304c\u81ea\u5206\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u84c4\u3048\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u559c\u6368\u3092\u4fc3\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u5168\u304f\u8ca7\u8005\u306b\u5206\u3051\u4e0e\u3048\u306f\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u60aa\u4eba\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u544a\u3052\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u305d\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u77e5\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3060\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u7b54\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u5f7c\u306e\u8ca1\u7523\u3092\u304a\u898b\u305b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u898b\u305b\u306a\u3055\u3044\uff01”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u306e\uff08\u84c4\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305f\uff09\u5834\u6240\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u91d1\u9280\u306e\u3064\u307e\u3063\u305f7\u3064\u306e\u58fa\u3092\u56de\u53ce\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u898b\u305f\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u3053\u3046\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6211\u3005\u306f\u7d76\u5bfe\u306b\u5f7c\u3092\u57cb\u846c\u3057\u305f\u308a\u306f\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002”\u3000\u305d\u3057\u3066\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u5f7c\u3092\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u306b\u306f\u308a\u3064\u3051\u306b\u3057\u3001\u6295\u77f3\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\uff17<\/a><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u53f8\u6559\u3092\u4efb\u547d\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\uff08\u65b0\u53f8\u6559\uff09\u3088\u308a\u3082\u512a\u308c\u305f\u793c\u62dd\u3092\u3059\u308b\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u76ee\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5f7c\u3088\u308a\u3082\u73fe\u4e16\u304b\u3089\u96e2\u308c\u3001\u6765\u4e16\u306b\u91cd\u304d\u3092\u7f6e\u304f\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u663c\u591c\u306b\u6e21\u3063\u3066\u50cd\u304d\u901a\u3057\u305f\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u898b\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3092\u3001\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u611b\u3057\u305f\u8ab0\u3088\u308a\u3082\u611b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u304c\u4ea1\u304f\u306a\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u671f\u9593\u3092\u5f7c\u3068\u904e\u3054\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306e\u6b7b\u304c\u8fd1\u3065\u3044\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u306b\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u79c1\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3068\u7559\u307e\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u611b\u3057\u305f\u8ab0\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3092\u611b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u795e\u306e\u5b9a\u3081\uff08\u6b7b\uff09\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4eca\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u8ab0\u3092\uff08\u79c1\u304c\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u904e\u3054\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3092\uff09\u52e7\u3081\u3001\u4f55\u3092\u79c1\u306b\u547d\u3058\u307e\u3059\u304b\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u53f8\u6559\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\uff01\u3000\u4eba\u3005\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u9053\u3092\u5931\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u3092\u306d\u3058\u66f2\u3052\u3001\u5909\u3048\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3063\u305f\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u30e2\u30fc\u30b9\u30eb\uff18<\/a>\u306e\u7537\u3088\u308a\u3082\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u4f9d\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3086\u3048\u3001\u5f7c\u3068\u5171\u306b\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3060\uff08\u305d\u3057\u3066\u5f7c\u306f\u5f7c\u306e\u540d\u3092\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u304c\u4ea1\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u30e2\u30fc\u30b9\u30eb\u3078\u884c\u304d\u3001\u5f7c\u306e\u52e7\u3081\u305f\u4eba\u7269\u3068\u51fa\u4f1a\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u306b\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\uff08\u3042\u308b\u4eba\u7269\u304c\uff09\u6b7b\u306e\u5e8a\u3067\u79c1\u306b\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3068\u5171\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u79c1\u306b\u52e7\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u304c\uff08\u6211\u3005\u3068\u540c\u3058\u5b97\u6559\u306b\uff09\u7559\u307e\u308a\u7d9a\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002”\u3000\u79c1\u306f\u5f7c\u3068\u7559\u307e\u308a\u3001\u5f7c\u304c\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u6700\u5584\u306e\u4eba\u7269\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3084\u304c\u3066\u5f7c\u3082\u4ea1\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6b7b\u304c\u8fd1\u3065\u3044\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\uff08\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff09\u540c\u3058\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5225\u306e\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u52e7\u3081\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u5f7c\u306b\u983c\u307f\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7537\u6027\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u795e\u306b\u8a93\u3063\u3066\uff01\u3000\u79c1\u306f\u30ca\u30b9\u30a3\u30fc\u30d3\u30fc\u30f3\uff19<\/a>\u306e\u4eba\u7269\u4ee5\u5916\u306b\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u3068\u540c\u3058\uff08\u5b97\u6559\uff09\u306b\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5f7c\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\uff08\u4f55\u67d0\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff09\u3002\u5f7c\u306e\u5143\u30d8\u884c\u304d\u3001\u5f7c\u3068\u5171\u306b\u3042\u308a\u306a\u3055\u3044\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u306b\u6b7b\u304c\u8a2a\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u30ca\u30b9\u30a3\u30fc\u30d3\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u7537\u6027\u306e\u5143\u3078\u3068\u65c5\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002”\u3000\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u305d\u306e\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u3001\u5f7c\u306e\u3082\u3068\u306b\u3057\u3070\u3089\u304f\u7559\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3053\u3068\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306b\u6b7b\u304c\u8fd1\u3065\u304d\u3001\u5f7c\u304c\u6b7b\u306c\u524d\u306b\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u3069\u3053\u306e\u8ab0\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u3079\u304d\u304b\u52a9\u8a00\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u7537\u6027\u306f\u3001\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u304c\u540c\u3058\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u30a2\u30e0\u30ea\u30a2\uff11\uff10<\/a>\u306e\u5225\u306e\u7537\u6027\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3078\u884c\u304f\u3088\u3046\u52a9\u8a00\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5f7c\u306e\u6b7b\u5f8c\u3001\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u30a2\u30e0\u30ea\u30a2\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u52a9\u8a00\u901a\u308a\u306e\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u3001\u5f7c\u306b\u52a0\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u50cd\u304d\u3001“\u4f55\u982d\u304b\u306e\u725b\u3068\u4e00\u5339\u306e\u7f8a\u3092\u624b\u306b\u5165\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u30a2\u30e0\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u7537\u306b\u3082\u6b7b\u304c\u8fd1\u3065\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u52a9\u8a00\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\uff08\u4eca\u56de\u306e\uff09\u7b54\u3048\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7537\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u606f\u5b50\u3088\uff01\u3000\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306e\u7559\u307e\u308b\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8005\u3092\u79c1\u306f\u8ab0\u3082\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u751f\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9593\u306b\u9810\u8a00\u8005\u304c\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u9810\u8a00\u8005\u306f\u30a2\u30d6\u30e9\u30cf\u30e0\u3068\u540c\u3058\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u7559\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7537\u306f\u3053\u306e\u9810\u8a00\u8005\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3053\u3046\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002“\u5f7c\u306f\u30a2\u30d6\u30e9\u30cf\u30e0\u3068\u540c\u3058\u5b97\u6559\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u9063\u308f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u30a2\u30e9\u30d3\u30a2\u306e\u571f\u5730\u304b\u3089\u73fe\u308c\u3001\uff08\u706b\u3067\u713c\u304b\u308c\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\uff09\u9ed2\u77f3\u306b\u6e80\u305f\u3055\u308c\u305f2\u3064\u306e\u571f\u5730\u306e\u9593\u306b\u79fb\u4f4f\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u3002\u3053\u308c\u30892\u3064\u306e\u571f\u5730\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u30e4\u30b7\u306e\u6728\u304c\u751f\u3044\u8302\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u3057\u308b\u3057\u304b\u3089\u5224\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u8d08\u308a\u7269\u306e\u98df\u3079\u7269\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3066\u98df\u3079\u308b\u304c\u3001\u559c\u6368\u304b\u3089\u306f\u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5f7c\u306e\u4e21\u80a9\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u9810\u8a00\u8005\u306e\u5c01\u5370\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u571f\u5730\u306b\u884c\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u51fa\u6765\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3001\u305d\u3046\u3057\u306a\u3055\u3044\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

\r\n
\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff11<\/a>          \u30a2\u30eb\uff1d\u30cf\u30a4\u30b5\u30df\u30fc\u304c\u30de\u30b8\u30e5\u30de\u30a2\u30fb\u30a2\u30eb\uff1d\u30b6\u30ef\u30fc\u30a4\u30c9\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u53ce\u9332\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4f1d\u627f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[1]<\/a>           \u30a4\u30b9\u30d5\u30a1\u30cf\u30f3\uff1a\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u30a4\u30e9\u30f3\u5317\u897f\u90e8\u306e\u5730\u57df\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[2]<\/a>           \u5f7c\u306e\u7236\u306f\u706b\u3092\u5d07\u62dd\u3059\u308b\u30de\u30ae\u6559\u5f92\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff16<\/a>          \u30a2\u30c3\uff1d\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30e0\uff1a\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u30ec\u30d0\u30ce\u30f3\u3001\u30b7\u30ea\u30a2\u3001\u30d1\u30ec\u30b9\u30c1\u30ca\u3001\u30e8\u30eb\u30c0\u30f3\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5730\u57df\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u6307\u3059\u8a00\u8449\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff17<\/a>          \u3053\u3053\u3067\u8a00\u53ca\u3059\u3079\u304d\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30b5\u30eb\u30de\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u5f53\u6642\u3001\u771f\u5b9f\u306e\u9053\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3082\u306e\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u4eba\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u80cc\u304d\u53bb\u308a\u306f\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6319\u3052\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u3001“\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u5f92\u3092\u898b\u3088\uff01\u3000\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u6700\u5584\u306e\u8005\u306f\u60aa\u4eba\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304b\uff01”\u306a\u3069\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u5b97\u6559\u306e\u8ffd\u5f93\u8005\u305f\u3061\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4fe1\u6761\u304b\u3089\u305d\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u3092\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff18<\/a>          \u30a4\u30e9\u30af\u5317\u897f\u90e8\u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u90fd\u5e02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff19<\/a>          \u30ca\u30b9\u30a3\u30fc\u30d3\u30fc\u30f3\uff1a\u30e0\u30fc\u30b9\u30eb\u3068\u30a2\u30c3\uff1d\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30e0\u3092\u3064\u306a\u3050\u9053\u306e\u9014\u4e2d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u90fd\u5e02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\uff11<\/a>\u30ed\u30fc\u30de\u5e1d\u56fd\u306e\u6771\u90e8\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u753a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

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