{"title":"www.islaam.net","author":{"id":2144,"name":"www.islaam.net","slug":"www_islaam_net","image":"\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","role":"Author","about":"","promote":0,"status":1,"created_at":"2014-08-05T08:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2014-08-05T08:00:00.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","get_name":"www.islaam.net"},"books":{"current_page":1,"data":[],"first_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144?books_page=1","from":null,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144?books_page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"&laquo; Previous","page":null,"active":false},{"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144?books_page=1","label":"1","page":1,"active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next &raquo;","page":null,"active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144","per_page":25,"prev_page_url":null,"to":null,"total":0},"videos":{"current_page":1,"data":[],"first_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144?videos_page=1","from":null,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144?videos_page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"&laquo; Previous","page":null,"active":false},{"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144?videos_page=1","label":"1","page":1,"active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next &raquo;","page":null,"active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144","per_page":25,"prev_page_url":null,"to":null,"total":0},"audios":{"current_page":1,"data":[],"first_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144?audios_page=1","from":null,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144?audios_page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"&laquo; Previous","page":null,"active":false},{"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144?audios_page=1","label":"1","page":1,"active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next &raquo;","page":null,"active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144","per_page":25,"prev_page_url":null,"to":null,"total":0},"articles":{"current_page":1,"data":[{"id":599,"title":"Islamic Sources: Quran and Sunnah","slug":"islamic-sources-quran-and-sunnah","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/en-Islamic Sources.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/en-Islamic Sources.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:islamic-sources-quran-and-sunnah","hint":"","body":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Islamic Sources: Quran and Sunnah<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&nbsp;(part 1 of 2)<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<img style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"http:\/\/www.islamreligion.com\/articles\/images\/Islamic_Sources_-_Quran_and_Sunnah_(part_1_of_2)._001.jpg\" alt=\"Islamic-Sources-Part-1.jpg\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The ultimate manifestation of God&rsquo;s grace for man, the ultimate wisdom, and the ultimate beauty of expression: in short, the word of God.&nbsp; This is how the German scholar, Muhammad Asad, once described the Quran.&nbsp; If one were to ask any Muslim to depict it, most likely they would offer similar words.&nbsp; The Quran, to the Muslim, is the irrefutable, inimitable Word of God.&nbsp; It was revealed by God Almighty through Prophet Muhammad, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him.&nbsp; The Prophet himself had no role in authoring the Quran, he was merely a Messenger, repeating the dictates of the Divine Creator:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;He (Muhammad) does not speak of his own desire.&nbsp; It is no less than an Inspiration sent down to him.&rdquo; (Quran 53:3-4)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The Quran was revealed in Arabic, to Prophet Muhammad, over a period of twenty-three years.&nbsp; It is composed in a style so unique, that it cannot be deemed either poetry or prose, but somehow a mixture of both.&nbsp; The Quran is inimitable; it cannot be simulated or copied, and God Almighty challenges mankind to pursue such an endeavor if he thinks he can:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;Or do they say he forged it? Say: Bring then a chapter like unto it, and call (to your aid) anyone you can, beside God, if it be you speak the truth.&rdquo; (Quran 10:38)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The Quran&rsquo;s language is indeed sublime, its recitation moving, as one non-Muslim scholar noted, &ldquo;it was like the cadence of my heartbeat&rdquo;.&nbsp; Due to its unique style of language, the Quran is not only highly readable, but also relatively easy to remember.&nbsp; This latter aspect has played an important role not only in the Quran&rsquo;s preservation, but in the spiritual life of Muslims as well.&nbsp; God Himself declares,<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;And We have indeed made the Quran easy to understand and remember; then is there anyone that will receive admonition?&rdquo; (Quran 54:17)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">One of the most important characteristics of the Quran is that it remains today, the only holy book which has never changed; it has remained free from any and all adulterations.&nbsp; Sir William Muir noted, &ldquo;There is probably in the world no other book which has remained (fourteen) centuries with so pure a text.&rdquo; The Quran was written down during the lifetime and under the supervision of the Prophet, who himself was unlettered.&nbsp; Thus its authenticity is unblemished, and is its preservation is seen as the fulfillment of God&rsquo;s promise:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;We have, without doubt, sent down the Message, and We will assuredly guard it from corruption.&rdquo; (Quran 15:9)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The Quran is a book which provides the human being the spiritual and intellectual nourishment he\/she craves.&nbsp; Its major themes include the oneness of God, the purpose of human existence, faith and God-consciousness, the Hereafter and its significance.&nbsp; The Quran also lays a heavy emphasis upon reason and understanding.&nbsp; In these spheres of human understanding, the Quran goes beyond just satisfying the human intellect; it causes one to reflect. Unlike other scriptures, there are Quranic challenges and prophecies. It is as well full of facts that have only recently been discovered; One of the most exciting fields in recent years has been the discovery of significant amount of scientific information in the Quran, including the event of the Big Bang, embryological data, and other information concerning astronomy biology, etc., there is not a single statement that has not been borne out by modern discoveries. &nbsp;In short, the Quran fulfils the heart, the soul, and the mind.&nbsp; Perhaps the best description of the Quran was given by Ali, the cousin of Prophet Muhammad when he expounded upon it as,<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;The Book of God.&nbsp; In it is the record of what was before you, the judgment of what is among you, and the prophecies of what will come after you.&nbsp; It is decisive, not a case for levity.&nbsp; Whoever is a tyrant and ignores the Quran will be destroyed by God.&nbsp; Whoever seeks guidance from other than it will be misguided.&nbsp; The Quran is the unbreakable bond of connection with God; it is the remembrance full of wisdom and the straight path.&nbsp; The Quran does not become distorted by tongues;&nbsp; nor can it be deviated by caprices. It never dulls from repeated study; scholars will always want more of it.&nbsp; The wonders of the Quran are never ending.&nbsp; Whoever speaks from it will speak the truth, whoever rules with it will be just, and whoever holds fast to it will be guided to the straight path.&rdquo; (Al-Tirmidhi)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&nbsp;(part 2 of 2)<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Sunnah<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The term Sunnah comes from the root word&nbsp;<em>sanna<\/em>, which means to pave the way or make a path easily passable, such that it becomes a commonly followed way by everyone afterwards.&nbsp; Thus Sunnah can be used to describe a street or road or path on which people, animals, and cars travel.&nbsp; Additionally, it can apply to a prophetic way, i.e.&nbsp; the law that they brought and taught as an explanation or further clarification of a divinely revealed book.&nbsp; Normally, the prophetic way includes references to his sayings, actions, physical features and character traits.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">From the Islaamic standpoint, Sunnah refers to anything narrated or related about the Prophet Muhammad, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, authentically traced to him regarding his speech, actions, traits, and silent approvals.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Each narration is composed of two parts: the&nbsp;<em>isnad<\/em>&nbsp;and the&nbsp;<em>matn<\/em>.&nbsp; The&nbsp;<em>isnad<\/em>refers to a chain of people who narrated a particular narration.&nbsp; The&nbsp;<em>matn<\/em>&nbsp;is the actual text of the narration.&nbsp; The&nbsp;<em>isnad<\/em>&nbsp;must comprise upright and sincere individuals whose integrity is unquestionable.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The Speech of Prophet Muhammad<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The speech of Prophet Muhammad refers to his sayings.&nbsp; For example, he said:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-hadeeth-or-bible\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;Actions are judged by their intentions; everyone will be rewarded according to his\/her intention.&nbsp; So whoever migrates for the sake of God and His Prophet then his migration will be noted as a migration for the sake of God and His Prophet.&nbsp; Conversely, one who migrates only to obtain something worldly or to marry a woman, then his migration will be worth what he had intended.&rdquo; (<em>Saheeh Al-Bukhari<\/em>)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The Prophet also said:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;Whoever believes in God and the Last Day, should say something good or keep quiet.&rdquo;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The above two accounts clearly show that the Prophet spoke these words.&nbsp; Consequently, these are known as his speech.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The Actions of Prophet Muhammad<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">His actions pertain to anything he did, as authentically reported by the&nbsp;<em>Sahabah<\/em>(Companions).&nbsp; For instance, Hudhayfah reported that whenever the Prophet got up at night, he would clean his teeth with a tooth-stick.&nbsp; Also Aishah reported that the Prophet loved to do everything starting with the right side - putting on shoes, walking, cleaning himself, and in all his affairs generally.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The Silent Approvals of Prophet Muhammad<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">His silent approvals on different issues meant his not opposing or minding what he saw, heard or knew of the actions or sayings of his Companions.&nbsp; On one occasion, for example, the Prophet learned of actions of some of his Companions from other Companions.&nbsp; Soon after the battle of Khandaq, Prophet Muhammad gave the order to the Companions to move quickly to the tribe of Banu Quraydah, encouraging them to hurry so that perhaps they would pray&nbsp;<em>Asr<\/em>&nbsp;(the late afternoon prayer) there.&nbsp; Some of the Companions of the Prophet responded immediately and left without praying&nbsp;<em>Asr<\/em>.&nbsp; They arrived after sunset, pitched camp and prayed<em>Asr<\/em>- after sunset.&nbsp; At the same time, another group of Companions formulated their judgment differently.&nbsp; They thought that the Prophet was merely encouraging them to hasten to their destination, rather than to delay&nbsp;<em>Asr<\/em>&nbsp;until after sunset.&nbsp; Consequently, they decided to stay in Madinah until they had prayed&nbsp;<em>Asr<\/em>.&nbsp; Immediately thereafter, they hastened towards the tribe of Banu Quraydhah.&nbsp; When the Prophet was told of how each group responded differently to his announcement, he affirmed both judgments.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Physical and Moral Traits of Prophet Muhammad<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Everything authentically narrated concerning the Prophet&rsquo;s complexion and the rest of his physical features is also included in the definition of Sunnah.&nbsp; Umm Ma&rsquo;bad described what she saw of the great Prophet.&nbsp; She said:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;I saw a man, his face radiant with a bright glow, not too thin or too fat, elegant and handsome.&nbsp; His eyes had a deep black hue with long eyelashes.&nbsp; His voice was pleasant and his neck long.&nbsp; He had a thick beard.&nbsp; His long black eyebrows were beautifully arched and connected to each other.&nbsp; In silence, he remained dignified, commanding utmost awe and respect.&nbsp; When he spoke, his speech was brilliant.&nbsp; Of all people he was the most handsome and the most pleasant, even when approaching from a distance.&nbsp; In person, he was unique and most admirable.&nbsp; Graced with eloquent logic, his speech was moderate.&nbsp; His logical arguments were well organized as though they were a string of gems.&nbsp; He was not too tall or too short, but exactly in between.&nbsp; Among three, he appeared the most radiant and most vibrant.&nbsp; He had companions who affectionately honored him.&nbsp; When he spoke, they listened to him attentively.&nbsp; When he gave orders, they were quick to execute them.&nbsp; They rallied around him guarding him.&nbsp; He never frowned or spoke frivolously.&rdquo; (Hakim)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Along with his physical features, his Companions also described his habits and behavior with people.&nbsp; Once Anas reported:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;I served the Prophet of Allah, upon him be peace, for ten years. During that time, he never once said to me as much as &lsquo;Oof&rsquo; if I did something wrong. He never asked me, if I had failed to do something, &lsquo;Why did you not do it?,&rsquo; and he never said to me, if I had done something wrong, &lsquo;Why did you do it?&rsquo;&rdquo;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">From the above we can clearly see that when the term Sunnah appears in a general context referring to Prophet Muhammad it comprises anything narrated about the Prophet and authentically traced to him.&nbsp; Once a Muslim learns of the authenticity of any narration, he\/she is obliged to follow and obey it accordingly.&nbsp; Such obedience is mandated by God as He declares:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;...and obey God and His Prophet and do not turn away when you hear (him speak).&rdquo; (Quran 8:20)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">At times, some Muslims are perplexed when people say that Sunnah is something only recommended and is not mandatory.&nbsp; Thus they conclude that we are only required to follow the Qur&rsquo;an and not the Sunnah.&nbsp; Such an argument results from a gross misunderstanding.&nbsp; Scholars of Islaamic jurisprudence use the term Sunnah to denote what is authentically established of Prophet Muhammad in deeds which were not subsequently made mandatory by God.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">They further hold that this includes any saying of Prophet Muhammad where he encourages Muslims to do a particular task and compliments those who uphold such attributes.&nbsp; Thus to them, the term Sunnah refers to what is &ldquo;recommended&rdquo; and is not mandatory (<em>fard<\/em>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<em>wajib<\/em>).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">From the above, we can clearly see that the term Sunnah takes on different meanings when used by different Islaamic disciplines.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":14421,"lft":969,"rght":974,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-08-05T21:25:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-07T03:55:04.000000Z","language_id":1,"user_id":7,"author_id":2144,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":1,"parent_id":null,"author_name":"www.islaam.net","category_name":"Introducing Islam","category_slug":"Introducing-islam","get_date":"2014-08-05","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/en-Islamic Sources.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/en-Islamic Sources.docx"},{"id":600,"title":"Las fuentes isl\u00e1micas: El Cor\u00e1n y la Sunnah","slug":"las-fuentes-islmicas-el-corn-y-la-sunnah","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Islamic Sources.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Islamic Sources.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:las-fuentes-islmicas-el-corn-y-la-sunnah","hint":"","body":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Las fuentes isl&aacute;micas: El Cor&aacute;n y la Sunnah<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><br \/><\/span><\/h1>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&nbsp;(parte 1 de 2)<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<img style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"http:\/\/www.islamreligion.com\/articles_es\/images\/Islamic_Sources_-_Quran_and_Sunnah_(part_1_of_2)._001.jpg\" alt=\"Islamic-Sources-Part-1.jpg\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">La mayor manifestaci&oacute;n de la gracia de Dios para la humanidad, la sabidur&iacute;a m&aacute;xima, y la belleza suprema de expresi&oacute;n; en resumen, la Palabra de Dios. As&iacute; es como el erudito alem&aacute;n Muhammad Asad, describi&oacute; una vez al Cor&aacute;n. Si uno fuera a preguntarle a cualquier musulm&aacute;n que lo describiera, lo m&aacute;s probable es que dir&iacute;a algo similar. El Cor&aacute;n, para el musulm&aacute;n, es la Palabra irrefutable e inimitable de Dios. Fue revelado por Dios Todopoderoso a trav&eacute;s del Profeta Muhammad, que la misericordia y las bendiciones de Dios sean con &eacute;l. El propio Profeta no particip&oacute; en la autor&iacute;a del Cor&aacute;n, &eacute;l no fue m&aacute;s que un mensajero, repitiendo los dictados del Creador Divino:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;&Eacute;l (Muhammad) no habla de acuerdo a sus pasiones. &Eacute;l solo trasmite lo que le ha sido revelado&rdquo;. (Cor&aacute;n 53:3-4)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El Cor&aacute;n fue revelado en &aacute;rabe al Profeta Muhammad en un per&iacute;odo de 23 a&ntilde;os. Est&aacute; compuesto en un estilo tan &uacute;nico, que no puede ser considerado poes&iacute;a ni prosa, sino una especie de mezcla entre las dos. El Cor&aacute;n es inimitable, no puede ser imitado ni copiado, y Dios Todopoderoso reta a la humanidad a intentar hacerlo si cree que puede:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;Dicen: &lsquo;[Muhammad] lo ha inventado&rsquo;. Diles: &lsquo;Entonces produzcan un cap&iacute;tulo similar [a un cap&iacute;tulo del Cor&aacute;n]. Recurran para ello a quienes quieran fuera de Dios, si es que dicen la verdad&rsquo;&rdquo;. (Cor&aacute;n 10:38)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El lenguaje del Cor&aacute;n es tan sublime, y su recitaci&oacute;n tan conmovedora, que un erudito no musulm&aacute;n se&ntilde;al&oacute;: &ldquo;Fue como la cadencia del latido de mi coraz&oacute;n&rdquo;. Debido al estilo &uacute;nico de su lenguaje, el Cor&aacute;n no solo es f&aacute;cil de leer, sino tambi&eacute;n relativamente f&aacute;cil de memorizar. Este &uacute;ltimo aspecto ha jugado un papel importante no solo en la preservaci&oacute;n del Cor&aacute;n, sino tambi&eacute;n en la vida espiritual de los musulmanes. Dios mismo afirma:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;He hecho el Cor&aacute;n f&aacute;cil de comprender y memorizar. Pero, &iquest;habr&aacute; alguien que reflexione?&rdquo; (Cor&aacute;n 54:17)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Una de las caracter&iacute;sticas m&aacute;s importantes del Cor&aacute;n es que se mantiene hasta el d&iacute;a de hoy como el &uacute;nico libro sagrado que nunca ha cambiado; se ha mantenido libre de cualquier adulteraci&oacute;n. Sir William Muir anot&oacute;: &ldquo;Probablemente no hay en todo el mundo otro libro que haya mantenido su texto tan puro por (catorce) siglos&rdquo;. El Cor&aacute;n fue puesto por escrito durante la vida y bajo la supervisi&oacute;n del Profeta, quien era iletrado. Por lo tanto, su autenticidad es intachable y su preservaci&oacute;n es vista como el cumplimiento de la promesa de Dios:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;Nosotros hemos revelado el Cor&aacute;n y Nosotros somos su custodio&rdquo;. (Cor&aacute;n 15:9)&nbsp;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El Cor&aacute;n es un libro que proporciona al ser humano el alimento espiritual e intelectual que anhela. Sus principales temas incluyen la Unidad y Unicidad de Dios, el prop&oacute;sito de la existencia humana, la fe y la consciencia de Dios, el M&aacute;s All&aacute; y su importancia. El Cor&aacute;n tambi&eacute;n hace un fuerte &eacute;nfasis sobre raz&oacute;n y el entendimiento. En estas esferas del entendimiento humano, el Cor&aacute;n va m&aacute;s all&aacute; de solo satisfacer el intelecto humano, y lo anima a uno a la reflexi&oacute;n. A diferencia de otras escrituras, hay desaf&iacute;os cor&aacute;nicos y profec&iacute;as. Asimismo, est&aacute; lleno de hechos que solo recientemente han sido descubiertos. Uno de los campos m&aacute;s excitantes en los &uacute;ltimos a&ntilde;os ha sido el descubrimiento de una cantidad importante de informaci&oacute;n cient&iacute;fica en el Cor&aacute;n, incluyendo el evento del&nbsp;<em>BigBang<\/em>, datos embriol&oacute;gicos, y otra informaci&oacute;n concerniente a biolog&iacute;a, astronom&iacute;a, etc. No hay una sola afirmaci&oacute;n que no haya sido confirmada por los descubrimientos modernos. En resumen, el Cor&aacute;n satisface el coraz&oacute;n, la mente y el alma. Quiz&aacute;s la mejor descripci&oacute;n del Cor&aacute;n fue dada por Ali, el primo del Profeta Muhammad, cuando lo expuso as&iacute;:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;El Libro de Dios. En &eacute;l est&aacute; el registro de lo que est&aacute; ante ti, el juicio de lo que est&aacute; dentro de ti, y las profec&iacute;as que vendr&aacute;n despu&eacute;s de ti. Es decisivo, no son palabras vanas. Quien es tirano e ignora el Cor&aacute;n, ser&aacute; destruido por Dios. Todo aquel que busque gu&iacute;a fuera del Cor&aacute;n, ser&aacute; desviado. El Cor&aacute;n es el v&iacute;nculo inquebrantable con Dios, es el recuerdo lleno de sabidur&iacute;a y el camino correcto. El Cor&aacute;n no ser&aacute; distorsionado por las lenguas, ni puede ser desviado por los caprichos. Nunca embota por su estudio repetido, los eruditos siempre quieren m&aacute;s de &eacute;l. Las maravillas del Cor&aacute;n nunca terminan. Quien hable a partir de &eacute;l, dice la verdad, quien gobierne basado en &eacute;l ser&aacute; justo, y quien se mantenga apegado a &eacute;l ser&aacute; guiado por el camino recto&rdquo; (At-Tirmidi).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El Cor&aacute;n y la Sunnah (parte 2 de 2)<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Sunnah<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El t&eacute;rmino&nbsp;<em>Sunnah<\/em>&nbsp;proviene de la palabra ra&iacute;z&nbsp;<em>sanna<\/em>, que significa: abrir el camino o hacer la ruta m&aacute;s f&aacute;cilmente transitable, de modo que m&aacute;s tarde se convierta en una v&iacute;a com&uacute;nmente seguida por todo el mundo. As&iacute; que&nbsp;<em>Sunnah<\/em>puede ser descrita como una calle, v&iacute;a o camino en el que las personas, los animales y los veh&iacute;culos viajan. Adicionalmente, puede aplicarse a una gu&iacute;a prof&eacute;tica, es decir, la ley que los profetas trajeron y ense&ntilde;aron como explicaci&oacute;n o aclaraci&oacute;n de un libro revelado divinamente. Normalmente, la gu&iacute;a prof&eacute;tica incluye referencias a los dichos, actos, caracter&iacute;sticas f&iacute;sicas y rasgos del car&aacute;cter de los profetas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Desde el punto de vista isl&aacute;mico,&nbsp;<em>Sunnah<\/em>&nbsp;se refiere a todo lo narrado o relacionado con el Profeta Muhammad, que la misericordia y las bendiciones de Dios sean con &eacute;l, rastreado aut&eacute;nticamente hasta &eacute;l, que se refiera a su discurso, sus actos, sus rasgos y sus aprobaciones silenciosas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Cada narraci&oacute;n est&aacute; compuesta de dos partes: el&nbsp;<em>isnad<\/em>&nbsp;y el&nbsp;<em>matn<\/em>. El&nbsp;<em>isnad<\/em>&nbsp;se refiere a la cadena de personas que relataron una narraci&oacute;n en particular. El&nbsp;<em>matn<\/em>es el texto de la narraci&oacute;n como tal. El&nbsp;<em>isnad<\/em>&nbsp;debe incluir individuos rectos y sinceros cuya integridad sea incuestionable.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El discurso del Profeta Muhammad<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El discurso del Profeta Muhammad se refiere a sus dichos. Por ejemplo, &eacute;l dijo:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-hadeeth-or-bible\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;Las obras son seg&uacute;n las intenciones, y cada persona ser&aacute; recompensada seg&uacute;n su intenci&oacute;n. As&iacute; pues, quien haya emigrado por alg&uacute;n beneficio mundanal o por casarse con una mujer, su emigraci&oacute;n ser&aacute; para lo que &eacute;l quiso&rdquo; (<em>Sahih Al Bujari<\/em>).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El Profeta tambi&eacute;n dijo:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;Quien cree en Dios y en el &Uacute;ltimo D&iacute;a, deber&iacute;a decir algo bueno o guardar silencio&rdquo;.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Estos dos reportes muestran claramente que el Profeta dijo estas palabras. En consecuencia, son conocidos como su discurso.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Los actos del Profeta Muhammad<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Sus actos se refieren a todo lo que hizo, como est&aacute; reportado aut&eacute;nticamente por los&nbsp;<em>Sahabah<\/em>&nbsp;(Compa&ntilde;eros). Por ejemplo, Hudhaifah inform&oacute; que cuando el Profeta se levantaba por la noche, se limpiaba los dientes con un&nbsp;<em>miswak<\/em>&nbsp;(palito para limpiar los dientes). Adem&aacute;s, Aishah report&oacute; que el Profeta prefer&iacute;a hacerlo todo comenzando por el lado derecho: ponerse los zapatos, caminar, limpiarse y dem&aacute;s asuntos personales.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Las aprobaciones silenciosas del Profeta Muhammad<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Sus aprobaciones silenciosas sobre diferentes temas se refieren a si no se opon&iacute;a o no le importaba lo que ve&iacute;a, escuchaba o sab&iacute;a acerca de los actos o dichos de sus compa&ntilde;eros. En una ocasi&oacute;n, por ejemplo, el Profeta supo por algunos de sus compa&ntilde;eros, de los actos de otros compa&ntilde;eros. Poco despu&eacute;s de la batalla de Jandaq, el Profeta Muhammad dio la orden a los compa&ntilde;eros de que se apresuraran en ir a la tribu de Banu Quraidah, anim&aacute;ndolos a darse prisa, pues quiz&aacute;s ellos iban a rezar el&nbsp;<em>Asr&nbsp;<\/em>(la oraci&oacute;n de media tarde) all&iacute;. Algunos de los compa&ntilde;eros del Profeta respondieron de inmediato y salieron sin rezar el&nbsp;<em>Asr<\/em>. Llegaron despu&eacute;s de la puesta del sol, acamparon y rezaron el&nbsp;<em>Asr<\/em>&nbsp;pasado el ocaso. Al mismo tiempo, otro grupo de compa&ntilde;eros formularon su juicio de manera distinta. Pensaron que quiz&aacute;s el Profeta solo los animaba a apresurar la marcha hacia su destino, en lugar de retrasar el&nbsp;<em>Asr<\/em>&nbsp;hasta despu&eacute;s del atardecer. En consecuencia, decidieron quedarse en Medina hasta que rezaron el&nbsp;<em>Asr<\/em>. Inmediatamente despu&eacute;s, se apresuraron a ir hacia la tribu de Banu Quraidhah. Cuando se le cont&oacute; al Profeta que cada grupo hab&iacute;a respondido de manera distinta a su orden, afirm&oacute; ambos juicios.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Los rasgos f&iacute;sicos y cualidades morales del Profeta Muhammad<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Todo lo narrado aut&eacute;nticamente con respecto a la complexi&oacute;n del Profeta y sus dem&aacute;s caracter&iacute;sticas f&iacute;sicas, est&aacute; incluido tambi&eacute;n en la definici&oacute;n de&nbsp;<em>Sunnah<\/em>. Umm Ma&rsquo;bad describi&oacute; lo que vio del gran Profeta. Ella dijo:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;Vi a un hombre de rostro radiante con un resplandor brillante, ni demasiado delgado ni demasiado gordo, elegante y guapo. Sus ojos ten&iacute;an un tono negro profundo con pesta&ntilde;as largas. Su voz era agradable y su cuello largo. Ten&iacute;a una barba espesa. Sus largas cejas negras estaban arqueadas y conectadas entre s&iacute; de manera hermosa. En silencio, se manten&iacute;a digno, llevando a la mayor admiraci&oacute;n y respeto. Cuando hablaba, su discurso era brillante. De toda la gente, &eacute;l era el m&aacute;s guapo y el m&aacute;s agradable, incluso cuando se aproximaba desde la distancia. En persona, era &uacute;nico y admirable. Dotado con l&oacute;gica elocuente, su discurso era moderado. Sus argumentos l&oacute;gicos estaban bien organizados, como si fueran un rosario de gemas. No era muy alto ni muy bajo, sino exactamente en el medio. Entre tres, &eacute;l aparec&iacute;a como el m&aacute;s radiante y vibrante. Ten&iacute;a compa&ntilde;eros que lo honraban cari&ntilde;osamente. Cuando hablaba, ellos lo escuchaban con atenci&oacute;n. Cuando les daba &oacute;rdenes, ellos las ejecutaban con presteza. Se reun&iacute;an a su alrededor y lo custodiaban. &Eacute;l nunca hablaba ni miraba con frivolidad&rdquo; (Al Hakim).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Junto con sus caracter&iacute;sticas f&iacute;sicas, sus compa&ntilde;eros tambi&eacute;n describieron sus h&aacute;bitos y comportamiento con la gente. Una vez, Anas report&oacute;:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;Serv&iacute; al Profeta de Al\u2011lah, Dios lo bendiga, por diez a&ntilde;os. Durante ese tiempo, nunca me dijo ni siquiera una vez algo tan fuerte como &lsquo;uf&rsquo; si yo hac&iacute;a algo malo. Nunca me pregunt&oacute;, si hab&iacute;a dejado de hacer algo, &lsquo;&iquest;por qu&eacute; no lo hiciste?&rsquo;, y nunca me dijo, si yo hab&iacute;a hecho algo mal, &lsquo;&iquest;por qu&eacute; lo hiciste?&rsquo;&rdquo;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">De lo anterior, podemos ver con claridad que cuando el t&eacute;rmino&nbsp;<em>Sunnah<\/em>aparece en un contexto general refiri&eacute;ndose al Profeta Muhammad, comprende todo lo narrado sobre el Profeta y que ha sido rastreado aut&eacute;nticamente hasta &eacute;l. Una vez que un musulm&aacute;n conoce la autenticidad de una narraci&oacute;n, est&aacute; obligado(a) a seguirla y obedecerla en consecuencia. Tal obediencia es un mandato de Dios, pues &Eacute;l declara:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;&iexcl;Oh, creyentes! Obedezcan a Dios y a Su Mensajero, y no le den la espalda al escuchar [el mensaje]&rdquo;. (Cor&aacute;n 8:20)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">En ocasiones, algunos musulmanes quedan perplejos cuando la gente dice que la Sunnah es algo que solo se recomienda y que no es obligatorio. Por lo tanto, concluyen que solo estamos obligados a seguir el Cor&aacute;n y no la Sunnah. Tal argumento resulta de un grave malentendido. Los eruditos de la jurisprudencia isl&aacute;mica utilizan el t&eacute;rmino Sunnah para denotar lo que est&aacute; establecido aut&eacute;nticamente del Profeta Muhammad en actos que no fueron hechos obligatorios por Dios posteriormente.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Ellos sostienen que esto incluye cualquier dicho del Profeta Muhammad en el que anima a los musulmanes a realizar una tarea en particular, y se complementa con aquellas que sostienen tales atributos. As&iacute;, para ellos el t&eacute;rmino&nbsp;<em>Sunnah<\/em>&nbsp;se refiere a lo que es &ldquo;recomendado&rdquo; y no obligatorio (<em>fard<\/em>&nbsp;o&nbsp;<em>wayib<\/em>).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">A partir de esto &uacute;ltimo, podemos ver con claridad que el t&eacute;rmino Sunnah toma diferentes significados cuando es utilizado en distintas disciplinas isl&aacute;micas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":11893,"lft":970,"rght":971,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-08-05T21:30:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-07T06:41:52.000000Z","language_id":12,"user_id":7,"author_id":2144,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":1,"parent_id":599,"author_name":"www.islaam.net","category_name":"Introducing Islam","category_slug":"Introducing-islam","get_date":"2014-08-05","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Islamic Sources.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Islamic Sources.docx"},{"id":601,"title":"Fontes isl\u00e2micas: Alcor\u00e3o e Sunnah","slug":"fontes-islmicas-alcoro-e-sunnah","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/pt-Islamic Sources.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/pt-Islamic Sources.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:fontes-islmicas-alcoro-e-sunnah","hint":"","body":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Fontes isl&acirc;micas: Alcor&atilde;o e Sunnah<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p><span><br \/><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><img style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"http:\/\/www.islamreligion.com\/articles_es\/images\/Islamic_Sources_-_Quran_and_Sunnah_(part_1_of_2)._001.jpg\" alt=\"Islamic-Sources-Part-1.jpg\" \/><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">(parte 1 de 2)<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">A manifesta&ccedil;&atilde;o suprema da gra&ccedil;a de Deus para o homem, a sabedoria suprema e a beleza suprema de express&atilde;o: em resumo, a palavra de Deus.&nbsp; Assim &eacute; como o estudioso alem&atilde;o, Muhammad Asad, descreveu o Alcor&atilde;o.&nbsp; Se ped&iacute;ssemos a qualquer mu&ccedil;ulmano para descrev&ecirc;-lo, provavelmente usariam palavras semelhantes.&nbsp; O Alcor&atilde;o, para o mu&ccedil;ulmano, &eacute; a Palavra irrefut&aacute;vel e inimit&aacute;vel de Deus.&nbsp; Foi revelado por Deus Todo-Poderoso atrav&eacute;s do profeta Muhammad, que a miseric&oacute;rdia e b&ecirc;n&ccedil;&atilde;os de Deus estejam sobre ele.&nbsp; O pr&oacute;prio profeta n&atilde;o teve um papel na autoria do Alcor&atilde;o. Foi meramente um Mensageiro, repetindo o que foi ditado pelo Criador divino:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;Ele (Muhammad) n&atilde;o fala por capricho.<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>Isso n&atilde;o &eacute; sen&atilde;o a inspira&ccedil;&atilde;o que lhe foi revelada.&rdquo; (Alcor&atilde;o 53:3-4)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">O Alcor&atilde;o foi revelado em &aacute;rabe ao Profeta Muhammad em um per&iacute;odo de vinte e tr&ecirc;s anos.&nbsp; &Eacute; composto de um estilo t&atilde;o &uacute;nico que n&atilde;o pode ser considerado poesia ou prosa, mas uma esp&eacute;cie de mistura de ambas.&nbsp; O Alcor&atilde;o &eacute; inimit&aacute;vel. N&atilde;o pode ser simulado ou copiado e Deus, Todo-Poderoso, desafia a humanidade a faz&ecirc;-lo, se achar que pode:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;Dir&atilde;o ainda: &lsquo;Porventura, ele o tem forjado (o Alcor&atilde;o)?&rsquo;<\/strong><strong>Dize:<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>Componde, pois, uma surata semelhante &agrave;s deles; e podeis recorrer, para isso, a quem quiserdes, em vez de Deus, se estiverdes certos.&rdquo; (Alcor&atilde;o 10:38)<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">A linguagem do Alcor&atilde;o &eacute; de fato sublime, sua recita&ccedil;&atilde;o emocionante, como destacou um estudioso n&atilde;o mu&ccedil;ulmano, &ldquo;era como a cad&ecirc;ncia das batidas do meu cora&ccedil;&atilde;o.&rdquo; Devido ao seu estilo &uacute;nico de linguagem, o Alcor&atilde;o n&atilde;o &eacute; de leitura muito f&aacute;cil, mas &eacute; relativamente f&aacute;cil de lembrar.&nbsp; Esse &uacute;ltimo aspecto tem desempenhado um papel importante n&atilde;o apenas na preserva&ccedil;&atilde;o do Alcor&atilde;o, mas tamb&eacute;m na vida espiritual dos mu&ccedil;ulmanos.&nbsp; O pr&oacute;prio Deus declara:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;Em verdade, fizemos o Alcor&atilde;o f&aacute;cil de compreender e lembrar para a admoesta&ccedil;&atilde;o. Haver&aacute;, porventura, algum admoestado?&rdquo; (Alcor&atilde;o 54:17)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Uma das caracter&iacute;sticas mais importantes do Alcor&atilde;o &eacute; que permanece hoje como o &uacute;nico livro sagrado que n&atilde;o foi alterado. Permaneceu livre de toda e qualquer adultera&ccedil;&atilde;o.&nbsp; Sir William Muir afirma: &ldquo;Provavelmente n&atilde;o existe outro livro no mundo que permaneceu doze s&eacute;culos (agora quatorze) com um texto t&atilde;o puro.&rdquo; O Alcor&atilde;o foi escrito durante a vida e sob a supervis&atilde;o do profeta, que era iletrado.&nbsp; Assim, sua autenticidade &eacute; imaculada e sua preserva&ccedil;&atilde;o &eacute; vista como um cumprimento da promessa de Deus:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;N&oacute;s revelamos a Mensagem e somos o Seu Preservador.&rdquo; (Alcor&atilde;o 15:9)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">O Alcor&atilde;o &eacute; um livro que fornece ao ser humano o alimento espiritual e intelectual que anseia.&nbsp; Seus temas principais incluem a unicidade de Deus, o prop&oacute;sito da exist&ecirc;ncia humana, f&eacute; e consci&ecirc;ncia de Deus, a Vida Futura e seu significado.&nbsp; O Alcor&atilde;o tamb&eacute;m d&aacute; grande &ecirc;nfase &agrave; raz&atilde;o e entendimento.&nbsp; Nessas esferas do entendimento humano, o Alcor&atilde;o vai al&eacute;m de apenas satisfazer o intelecto humano, provocando a reflex&atilde;o. Ao contr&aacute;rio de outras escrituras, existem desafios e profecias cor&acirc;nicas. &Eacute; cheio de fatos que apenas recentemente foram descobertos. Um dos campos mais excitantes nos &uacute;ltimos anos foi a descoberta de informa&ccedil;&atilde;o cient&iacute;fica significativa no Alcor&atilde;o, incluindo o evento do Big Bang, dados embriol&oacute;gicos e outras informa&ccedil;&otilde;es relacionadas &agrave; astronomia, biologia, etc. N&atilde;o h&aacute; uma &uacute;nica afirma&ccedil;&atilde;o que n&atilde;o tenha sido sustentada por descobertas modernas.&nbsp; Em resumo, o Alcor&atilde;o preenche o cora&ccedil;&atilde;o, a alma e a mente.&nbsp; Talvez a melhor descri&ccedil;&atilde;o do Alcor&atilde;o tenha sido dada por Ali, o primo do profeta Muhammad quando fez uma exposi&ccedil;&atilde;o sobre ele:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;O livro de Deus. &Eacute; o registro do que aconteceu antes, o julgamento do que acontece no presente e as profecias do que vir&aacute;. &Eacute; decisivo e n&atilde;o um caso para superficialidade. Quem for um tirano e ignorar o Alcor&atilde;o, ser&aacute; destru&iacute;do por Deus. Quem buscar outra orienta&ccedil;&atilde;o, ser&aacute; desorientado. O Alcor&atilde;o &eacute; o elo inquebrant&aacute;vel de conex&atilde;o com Deus. &Eacute; a lembran&ccedil;a cheia de sabedoria e a senda reta.&nbsp; O Alcor&atilde;o n&atilde;o foi deturpado pelas l&iacute;nguas, nem pode ser desviado pelos caprichos. Nunca se torna entediante com o estudo repetitivo e os estudiosos sempre querer&atilde;o mais.&nbsp; As maravilhas do Alcor&atilde;o s&atilde;o intermin&aacute;veis.&nbsp; Quem falar com o Alcor&atilde;o, falar&aacute; a verdade. Quem governar com ele ser&aacute; justo e quem se apegar a ele ser&aacute; guiado para a senda reta.&rdquo; (Al-Tirmidhi)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Alcor&atilde;o e Sunnah (parte 2 de 2)<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Sunnah<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">O termo Sunnah vem da palavra raiz sanna, que significa pavimentar o caminho ou facilitar a passagem em um caminho de modo que se torne um meio comumente seguido por todos que vierem depois.&nbsp; Assim, a palavra Sunnah pode ser usada para descrever uma rua, estrada ou caminho no qual viajam pessoas, animais e carros.&nbsp; Adicionalmente, pode-se aplicar a um modo prof&eacute;tico, ou seja, a lei que trouxeram e ensinaram como explica&ccedil;&atilde;o ou clarifica&ccedil;&atilde;o de um livro divinamente revelado.&nbsp; Normalmente o modo prof&eacute;tico inclui refer&ecirc;ncias a seus ditos, a&ccedil;&otilde;es, caracter&iacute;sticas f&iacute;sicas ou tra&ccedil;os de car&aacute;ter.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Do ponto de vista isl&acirc;mico, a Sunnah se refere a qualquer coisa narrada ou relacionada ao profeta Muhammad, que a miseric&oacute;rdia e b&ecirc;n&ccedil;&atilde;os de Deus estejam sobre ele, tra&ccedil;ados autenticamente a ele em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o &agrave; sua fala, a&ccedil;&otilde;es, caracter&iacute;sticas e aprova&ccedil;&otilde;es silenciosas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Cada narra&ccedil;&atilde;o &eacute; composta de duas partes: o&nbsp;<em>isnad<\/em>&nbsp;e o&nbsp;<em>matn<\/em>.&nbsp; O&nbsp;<em>isnad<\/em>&nbsp;se refere a uma cadeia de pessoas que narrou uma narra&ccedil;&atilde;o em particular.&nbsp; O&nbsp;<em>matn<\/em>&nbsp;&eacute; o texto em si da narra&ccedil;&atilde;o.&nbsp; O&nbsp;<em>isnad<\/em>&nbsp;deve ser composto de indiv&iacute;duos sinceros e de car&aacute;ter elevado, cuja integridade &eacute; inquestion&aacute;vel.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">A fala do Profeta Muhammad<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">A fala do Profeta Muhammad se refere a seus ditos.&nbsp; Por exemplo, ele disse:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-hadeeth-or-bible\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;As a&ccedil;&otilde;es s&atilde;o julgadas pelas inten&ccedil;&otilde;es. Todos ser&atilde;o recompensados de acordo com sua inten&ccedil;&atilde;o. Quem migrar em nome de Deus e Seu profeta sua migra&ccedil;&atilde;o ser&aacute; anotada como uma migra&ccedil;&atilde;o em nome de Deus e Seu profeta.<\/strong><strong>Da mesma forma, quem migrar apenas para obter algo mundano ou se casar com uma mulher, sua migra&ccedil;&atilde;o ter&aacute; o valor de sua inten&ccedil;&atilde;o.&rdquo; (<em>Saheeh Al-Bukhari<\/em>)<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">O profeta tamb&eacute;m disse:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;Quem acreditar em Deus e no &Uacute;ltimo Dia deve dizer algo bom ou ficar em sil&ecirc;ncio.&rdquo;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Os dois relatos acima mostram claramente que o profeta falou essas palavras.&nbsp; Consequentemente, s&atilde;o conhecidos como sua fala.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">As a&ccedil;&otilde;es do Profeta Muhammad<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Suas a&ccedil;&otilde;es pertencem a tudo que ele fez, como autenticamente relatado pelos Sahaba (Companheiros).&nbsp; Por exemplo, Hudaifa relatou que sempre que o profeta se levantava &agrave; noite, escovava seus dentes.&nbsp; Aisha tamb&eacute;m relatou que o profeta gostava de fazer tudo come&ccedil;ando com o lado direito - colocar os sapatos, caminhar, se limpar e em todos os seus assuntos de maneira geral.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">As aprova&ccedil;&otilde;es silenciosas do Profeta Muhammad<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Suas aprova&ccedil;&otilde;es silenciosas em quest&otilde;es diferentes significavam que n&atilde;o se opunha ou importava com o que viu, ouviu ou soube das a&ccedil;&otilde;es ou ditos de seus Companheiros.&nbsp; Em uma ocasi&atilde;o, por exemplo, o profeta soube das a&ccedil;&otilde;es de alguns de seus companheiros atrav&eacute;s de outros companheiros.&nbsp; Logo ap&oacute;s a batalha de Khandaq o profeta Muhammad deu a ordem para os companheiros se moverem rapidamente para a tribo de Banu Quraydah, encorajando-os a correr para que, talvez, orassem&nbsp;<em>Asr&nbsp;<\/em>(a ora&ccedil;&atilde;o da tarde) l&aacute;.&nbsp; Alguns dos companheiros do profeta responderam imediatamente e partiram sem orar&nbsp;<em>Asr<\/em>.&nbsp; Chegaram depois do por do sol, armaram o acampamento e oraram&nbsp;<em>Asr<\/em>&nbsp;depois do por do sol.&nbsp; Ao mesmo tempo, outro grupo de companheiros formulou o julgamento de forma diferente.&nbsp; Pensaram que o profeta estava meramente encorajando-os a correr para o destino, ao inv&eacute;s de atrasar&nbsp;<em>Asr<\/em>&nbsp;at&eacute; depois do por do sol.&nbsp; Consequentemente, decidiram ficar em Medina at&eacute; que tivessem orado&nbsp;<em>Asr<\/em>.&nbsp; Imediatamente depois disso correram na dire&ccedil;&atilde;o da tribo de Banu Quraydhah.&nbsp; Quando contaram ao profeta de como cada grupo respondeu de forma diferente ao seu comando, ele confirmou os dois julgamentos.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Caracter&iacute;sticas f&iacute;sicas e morais do Profeta Muhammad<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Tudo autenticamente narrado em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o &agrave; complex&atilde;o do profeta e o resto de suas caracter&iacute;sticas f&iacute;sicas tamb&eacute;m est&aacute; incluso na defini&ccedil;&atilde;o de Sunnah.&nbsp; Umm Ma&rsquo;bad descreveu o que viu do grande profeta.&nbsp; Ela disse:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;Vi um homem, sua face radiante e com brilho, nem muito magro e nem muito gordo, elegante e bonito. Seus olhos tinham um matiz negro profundo com c&iacute;lios longos. Sua voz era agrad&aacute;vel e seu pesco&ccedil;o longo. Tinha uma barba espessa. Suas sobrancelhas longas e negras eram belamente arqueadas e conectadas. Em sil&ecirc;ncio, permanecia solene, merecedor de temor e respeito. Quando falava, sua fala era brilhante. De todas as pessoas era a mais bonita e agrad&aacute;vel, mesmo &agrave; dist&acirc;ncia. Em pessoa, era &uacute;nico e admir&aacute;vel. Agraciado com l&oacute;gica eloquente, seu discurso era moderado. Seus argumentos l&oacute;gicos eram bem organizados como se fossem uma cadeia de p&eacute;rolas. N&atilde;o era muito alto e nem muito baixo, mas exatamente no meio. Entre tr&ecirc;s, parecia o mais radiante e vibrante. Tinha companheiros que o honraram afetuosamente. Quando falava, o ouviam atentamente. Quando dava ordens, as executavam rapidamente. Ficavam ao seu redor, protegendo-o. Ele nunca se aborrecia ou falava de forma fr&iacute;vola.&rdquo; (Hakim)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Junto com suas caracter&iacute;sticas f&iacute;sicas, seus companheiros tamb&eacute;m descreveram seus h&aacute;bitos e comportamento com as pessoas.&nbsp; Uma vez Anas relatou:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;Servi ao profeta de Allah, que a paz esteja sobre ele, por dez anos.Durante esse tempo, ele nunca me disse nem um &ldquo;uff&rdquo;, caso eu fizesse algo errado.<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>Nunca me perguntou se eu tinha deixado de fazer algo. &ldquo;Por que n&atilde;o fez isso?&rdquo; e nunca me disse, caso eu tivesse feito algo errado, &ldquo;Por que fez isso?&rdquo;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Do relatado acima podemos ver claramente que quando o termo Sunnah aparece em um contexto geral se referindo ao profeta Muhammad, compreende qualquer coisa narrada sobre o profeta e autenticamente tra&ccedil;ada at&eacute; ele.&nbsp; Quando um mu&ccedil;ulmano fica ciente da autenticidade de qualquer narra&ccedil;&atilde;o, ele\/ela &eacute; obrigado\/a a seguir e obedecer de acordo.&nbsp; Essa obedi&ecirc;ncia &eacute; ordenada por Deus, quando Ele declara:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-quran\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&ldquo;...obedecei a Deus e ao Seu Mensageiro, e n&atilde;o vos afasteis dele enquanto o escutais (em pr&eacute;dica).&rdquo; (Alcor&atilde;o 8:20)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&Agrave;s vezes alguns mu&ccedil;ulmanos ficam perplexos quando as pessoas dizem que a Sunnah &eacute; algo apenas recomendado e n&atilde;o &eacute; obrigat&oacute;ria.&nbsp; Assim concluem que devemos seguir somente o Alcor&atilde;o e n&atilde;o a Sunnah.&nbsp; Esse argumento resulta de um grande mal entendido.&nbsp; Os s&aacute;bios da jurisprud&ecirc;ncia isl&acirc;mica usam o termo Sunnah para denotar o que &eacute; autenticamente estabelecido do profeta Muhammad em atos que n&atilde;o foram subsequentemente feitos obrigat&oacute;rios por Deus.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Acrescentam que isso inclui qualquer dito do profeta Muhammad no qual ele encoraja os mu&ccedil;ulmanos a fazerem uma tarefa em particular e elogia os que se apegam a esses atributos.&nbsp; Assim, para eles, o termo Sunnah se refere ao que &eacute; &ldquo;recomendado&rdquo; e n&atilde;o &eacute; obrigat&oacute;rio (<em>fard<\/em>&nbsp;ou&nbsp;<em>wajib<\/em>).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Disso podemos ver claramente que o termo Sunnah assume significados diferentes quando usado por disciplinas isl&acirc;micas diferentes.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":13655,"lft":972,"rght":973,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-08-05T21:30:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-07T07:46:50.000000Z","language_id":15,"user_id":7,"author_id":2144,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":1,"parent_id":599,"author_name":"www.islaam.net","category_name":"Introducing Islam","category_slug":"Introducing-islam","get_date":"2014-08-05","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/pt-Islamic Sources.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/pt-Islamic Sources.docx"}],"first_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144?articles_page=1","from":1,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/chi\/api\/authors\/2144?articles_page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"&laquo; 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