{"title":"Wilfried Hofmann","author":{"id":3161,"name":"Wilfried Hofmann","slug":"wilfried_hofmann","image":"\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","role":"Author","about":"","promote":0,"status":1,"created_at":"2014-10-16T08:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2014-10-16T08:00:00.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","get_name":"Wilfried Hofmann"},"books":{"current_page":1,"data":[],"first_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/isl\/api\/authors\/3161?books_page=1","from":null,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/isl\/api\/authors\/3161?books_page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"&laquo; Previous","page":null,"active":false},{"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/isl\/api\/authors\/3161?books_page=1","label":"1","page":1,"active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next &raquo;","page":null,"active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/isl\/api\/authors\/3161","per_page":25,"prev_page_url":null,"to":null,"total":0},"videos":{"current_page":1,"data":[],"first_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/isl\/api\/authors\/3161?videos_page=1","from":null,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/isl\/api\/authors\/3161?videos_page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"&laquo; Previous","page":null,"active":false},{"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/isl\/api\/authors\/3161?videos_page=1","label":"1","page":1,"active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next &raquo;","page":null,"active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/isl\/api\/authors\/3161","per_page":25,"prev_page_url":null,"to":null,"total":0},"audios":{"current_page":1,"data":[],"first_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/isl\/api\/authors\/3161?audios_page=1","from":null,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/isl\/api\/authors\/3161?audios_page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"&laquo; Previous","page":null,"active":false},{"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/isl\/api\/authors\/3161?audios_page=1","label":"1","page":1,"active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next &raquo;","page":null,"active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/isl\/api\/authors\/3161","per_page":25,"prev_page_url":null,"to":null,"total":0},"articles":{"current_page":1,"data":[{"id":2503,"title":"Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat","slug":"wilfried-hofmann-german-social-scientist-and-diplomat","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/en-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/en-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:wilfried-hofmann-german-social-scientist-and-diplomat","hint":"","body":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: xx-large;\">Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: xx-large;\"><img style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"http:\/\/www.islamreligion.com\/articles\/images\/Wilfried_Hofmann__German_Social_Scientist_and_Diplomat_(part_1_of_2)_001.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><br \/><\/span><\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> (part 1 of 2)<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Ph.D (Law) Harvard. German Social Scientist and Diplomat. &nbsp;Embraced Islam in 1980.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Dr. Hofmann, who accepted Islam in 1980, was born as a Catholic in Germany in 1931. &nbsp;He graduated from Union College in New York and completed his legal studies at Munich University where he received a doctorate in jurisprudence in 1957.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">He became a research assistant for the reform of federal civil procedure, and in 1960 received an LL.M. degree from Harvard Law School. He was Director of Information for NATO in Brussels from 1983 to 1987. &nbsp;He was posted as German ambassador to Algeria in 1987 and then to Morocco in 1990 where he served for four years. &nbsp;He performed umrah (Lesser Pilgrimage) in 1982 and Hajj (Pilgrimage) in 1992.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Several key experiences led Dr. Hofmann to Islam. &nbsp;The first of these began in 1961 when he was posted to Algeria as Attach&eacute; in the German Embassy and found himself in the middle of the bloody guerilla warfare between French troops and the Algerian National Front who had been fighting for Algerian independence for the past eight years. &nbsp;There he witnessed the cruelty and massacre that the Algerian population endured. &nbsp;Every day, nearly a dozen people were killed &ndash; &ldquo;close range, execution style&rdquo; &ndash; only for being an Arab or for speaking for the independence. &nbsp;&ldquo;I witnessed the patience and resilience of the Algerian people in the face of extreme suffering, their overwhelming discipline during Ramadan, their confidence of victory, as well as their humanity amidst misery.&rdquo; &nbsp;He felt it was their religion that made them so, and therefore, he started studying their religious book &ndash; the Quran.&nbsp; &ldquo;I have never stopped reading it, to this very day.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Islamic art was the second experience for Dr. Hofmann in his journey to Islam.&nbsp; From his early life he has been fond of art and beauty and ballet dancing.&nbsp; All of these were overshadowed when he came to know Islamic art, which made an intimate appeal to him.&nbsp; Referring to Islamic art, he says: &ldquo;Its secret seems to lie in the intimate and universal presence of Islam as a religion in all of its artistic manifestations, calligraphy, space filling arabesque ornaments, carpet patterns, mosque and housing architecture, as well as urban planning.&nbsp; I am thinking of the brightness of the mosques which banishes any mysticism, of the democratic spirit of their architectural layout.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;I am also thinking of the introspective quality of the Muslim palaces, their anticipation of paradise in gardens full of shade, fountains, and rivulet; of the intricate socially functional structure of old Islamic urban centers (madinahs), which fosters community spirits and transparency of the market, tempers heat and wind, and assures the integration of the mosque and adjacent welfare center for the poor, schools and hostels into the market and living quarters.&nbsp; What I experienced is so blissfully Islamic in so many places &hellip; is the tangible effect which Islamic harmony, the Islamic way of life, and the Islamic treatment of space leave on both heart and mind.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Perhaps more than all of these, what made a significant impact on his quest for the truth, was his thorough knowledge of Christian history and doctrines.&nbsp; He realized that there was a significant difference between what a faithful Christian believes and what a professor of history teaches at the university.&nbsp; He was particularly troubled by the Church&rsquo;s adoption of the doctrines established by St. Paul in preference to that of historical Jesus.&nbsp; &ldquo;He, who never met Jesus, with his extreme Christology replaced the original and correct Judeo-Christian view of Jesus!&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">He found it difficult to accept that mankind is burdened with the &ldquo;original sin&rdquo; and that God had to have his own son tortured and murdered on the cross in order to save his own creations.&nbsp; &ldquo;I began to realize how monstrous, even blasphemous it is to imagine that God could have been fallen short in his creation; that he could have been unable to do anything about the disaster supposedly caused by Adam and Eve without begetting a son, only to have him sacrificed in such a bloody fashion; that God might suffer for mankind, His creation.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">He went back to the very basic question of the existence of God.&nbsp; After analyzing works of philosophers, such as Wittgenstein, Pascal, Swinburn, and Kant, he came to an intellectual conviction of the existence of God.&nbsp; The next logical question he faced was how God communicates to human beings so that they can be guided.&nbsp; This led him to acknowledge the need for revelations.&nbsp; But what contains the truth &ndash; Judeo-Christian scriptures or Islam?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">He found the answer &nbsp;to this question in his third crucial experience when he came across the following verse of the Quran:is verse opened up his eyes and provided the answer to his dilemma.&nbsp; Clearly and unambiguously for him, it rejected the ideas of the burden of &ldquo;original sin&rdquo; and the expectation of &ldquo;intercession&rdquo; by the saints. &nbsp;&ldquo;A Muslim lives in a world without clergy and without religious hierarchy; when he prays he does not pray via Jesus, Mary, or other interceding saints, but directly to God &ndash; as a fully emancipated believer &ndash; and this is a religion free of mysteries.&rdquo; &nbsp;According to Hofmann, &ldquo;A Muslim is the emancipated believer par excellence.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">(part 2 of 2)<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&nbsp;&ldquo;I began to see Islam with its own eyes, as the unadulterated, pristine belief in the one and only, the true God, Who does not beget, and was not begotten, Whom nothing and nobody resembles &hellip; In place of the qualified deism of a tribal God and the constructions of a divine Trinity, the Quran showed me the most lucid, most straightforward, the most abstract - thus historically most advanced &ndash; and least anthropomorphic concept of God.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;The Quran&rsquo;s ontological statements, as well as its ethical teachings, impressed me as profoundly plausible, &ldquo;as good as gold,&rdquo; so there was no room for even the slightest doubt about the authenticity of Muhammad&rsquo;s prophetic mission.&nbsp; People who understand human nature cannot fail to appreciate the infinite wisdom of the &ldquo;Dos and Don&rsquo;ts&rdquo; handed down from God to man in the form of the Quran.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">For his son&rsquo;s upcoming 18th birthday in 1980, he prepared a 12-page manuscript containing the things that he considered unquestionably true from a philosophical perspective.&nbsp; He asked a Muslim Imam of Cologne named Muhammad Ahmad Rassoul to take a look at the work.&nbsp; After reading it, Rassoul remarked that if Dr. Hofmann believed in what he had written, then he was a Muslim! &nbsp;That indeed became the case a few days later when he declared &ldquo;I bear witness that there is no divinity besides God, and I bear witness that Muhammad is God&rsquo;s messenger.&rdquo; &nbsp;That was September 25, 1980.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Dr. Hofmann continued his professional career as a German diplomat and NATO officer for fifteen years after he became Muslim. &nbsp;&ldquo;I did not experience any discrimination in my professional life&rdquo;, he said. &nbsp;In 1984, three and half years after his conversion, then German President Dr. Carl Carstens awarded him the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany. &nbsp;The German government distributed his book &ldquo;Diary of a German Muslim&rdquo; to all German foreign missions in the Muslim countries as an analytical tool. &nbsp;Professional duties did not prevent him from practicing his religion.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Once very artistic about red wine, he would now politely refuse offers of alcohol. &nbsp;As a Foreign Service officer, he occasionally had to arrange working lunch for foreign guests. &nbsp;He would be participating in those luncheons with an empty plate in front of him during Ramadan. &nbsp;In 1995, he voluntarily resigned from the Foreign Service to dedicate himself to Islamic causes.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">While discussing the evils caused by alcohol in individual and social life, Dr. Hofmann mentioned an incident in his own life caused by alcohol.&nbsp; During his college years in New York in 1951, he was once traveling from Atlanta to Mississippi.&nbsp; When he was in Holy Spring, Mississippi all on a sudden a vehicle, apparently driven by a drunken driver, appeared in front of his car.&nbsp; A serious accident followed, taking away nineteen of his teeth and disfiguring his mouth.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">After undergoing surgery on his chin and lower hip, the hospital surgeon comforted him saying: &ldquo;Under normal circumstances, no one survives an accident like that.&nbsp; God has something special in mind for you, my friend!&rdquo;&nbsp; As he limped in Holy Spring after release from the hospital with his &ldquo;arm in a sling, a bandaged knee, an iodine-discolored, stitched-up lower face&rdquo;, he wondered what could be the meaning of the surgeon&rsquo;s remark.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">He came to know it one day, but much later.&nbsp; &ldquo;Finally, thirty years later, on the very day I professed my faith in Islam, the true meaning of my survival became clear to me!&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">A statement on his conversion:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;For some time now, striving for more and more precision and brevity, I have tried to put on paper in a systematic way, all philosophical truths, which, in my view, can be ascertained beyond reasonable doubt.&nbsp; In the course of this effort it dawned upon me that the typical attitude of an agnostic is not an intelligent one; that man simply cannot escape a decision to believe; that the createdness of what exists around us is obvious; that Islam undoubtedly finds itself in the greatest harmony with overall reality.&nbsp; Thus I realize, not without shock, that step by step, in spite of myself and almost unconsciously, in feeling and thinking I have grown into a Muslim.&nbsp; Only one last step remained to be taken : to formalize my conversion.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">As of today I am a Muslim.&nbsp; I have arrived.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":7923,"lft":4789,"rght":4798,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-10-16T19:27:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-08T06:09:01.000000Z","language_id":1,"user_id":7,"author_id":3161,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":10,"parent_id":null,"author_name":"Wilfried Hofmann","category_name":"Why I became a Muslim!","category_slug":"Why-I-became-a-Muslim!","get_date":"2014-10-16","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/en-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/en-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.docx"},{"id":2504,"title":"Wilfried Hofmann, cient\u00edfico social y diplom\u00e1tico alem\u00e1n","slug":"wilfried-hofmann-cientfico-social-y-diplomtico-alemn","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:wilfried-hofmann-cientfico-social-y-diplomtico-alemn","hint":"","body":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Wilfried Hofmann, cient&iacute;fico social y diplom&aacute;tico alem&aacute;n<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><img style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"http:\/\/www.islamreligion.com\/articles\/images\/Wilfried_Hofmann__German_Social_Scientist_and_Diplomat_(part_1_of_2)_001.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&nbsp;(parte 1 de 2)<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Doctorado en leyes por la Universidad de &nbsp;Harvard. Cient&iacute;fico social y diplom&aacute;tico alem&aacute;n. Abraz&oacute; el Islam en 1980.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El Dr. Hofmann, quien acept&oacute; el Islam en 1980, naci&oacute; en una familia cat&oacute;lica en Alemania en 1931. Se gradu&oacute; de la Union College en Nueva York y complet&oacute; sus estudios de leyes en la Universidad de Munich, donde recibi&oacute; el doctorado en Jurisprudencia en 1957.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Se convirti&oacute; en asistente de investigador para la reforma del proceso federal civil, y en 1960 recibi&oacute; un diploma LL.M. de la escuela de Leyes de Hardvard. Fue Director de Informaci&oacute;n de la OTAN en Bruselas desde 1983 a 1987. Ocup&oacute;&nbsp;el puesto de embajador en Argelia en 1987 y luego en Marruecos en 1990, donde sirvi&oacute; por cuatro a&ntilde;os. Realiz&oacute; la Umrah (la peregrinaci&oacute;n menor) en 1983 y el Hayy (Peregrinaci&oacute;n) en 1992.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Muchas experiencias claves llevaron al Dr. Hofmann al Islam. La primera de ellas comenz&oacute; en 1961, cuando estuvo en Argelia como agregado en la embajada alemana y se encontr&oacute; en medio de una guerra de guerrillas entre las tropas francesas y el Frente Nacional Argelino, que peleaban por la independencia argelina hac&iacute;a ocho a&ntilde;os. All&iacute; fue testigo de la crueldad y la masacre que sufri&oacute; la poblaci&oacute;n argelina. Cada d&iacute;a mor&iacute;an cerca de una docena de personas ejecutadas s&oacute;lo por ser &aacute;rabes o por hablar de la independencia. &ldquo;Fui testigo de la paciencia y la resistencia de la poblaci&oacute;n argelina frente al sufrimiento extremo, su disciplina sorprendente durante Ramad&aacute;n, su confianza en la victoria, as&iacute; como su humanidad en medio de la miseria&rdquo;. Sinti&oacute; que era su religi&oacute;n lo que causaba eso, por lo tanto, comenz&oacute; a estudiar su libro religioso: el Cor&aacute;n. &ldquo;Nunca par&eacute; de leerlo, incluso hasta el d&iacute;a de hoy&rdquo;.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El arte isl&aacute;mico fue la segunda experiencia para el Dr. Hofmann en su viaje al Islam. Desde tempranas etapas de su vida fue amante del arte, la belleza y el ballet. Todo esto fue eclipsado cuando conoci&oacute; el arte isl&aacute;mico, por el cual sinti&oacute; una fuerte atracci&oacute;n. Refiri&eacute;ndose al arte isl&aacute;mico, dijo: &ldquo;Su secreto parece estar en la presencia &iacute;ntima y universal del Islam como una religi&oacute;n en todas sus manifestaciones art&iacute;sticas, la caligraf&iacute;a, ornamentos para rellenar espacios, motivos de alfombras, mezquitas y la arquitectura de las casas, as&iacute; como tambi&eacute;n el planeamiento urbano. Pienso en el brillo de las mezquitas que hace desaparecer cualquier misticismo del esp&iacute;ritu democr&aacute;tico de su dise&ntilde;o arquitect&oacute;nico&rdquo;.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;Tambi&eacute;n pienso en la calidad introspectiva de los palacios musulmanes, su anticipaci&oacute;n del Para&iacute;so en los jardines llenos de matices, fuentes y riachuelos; de la estructura funcional social intr&iacute;nseca de los antiguos centros urbanos isl&aacute;micos (medinas), que alienta al esp&iacute;ritu de la comunidad y la transparencia de los mercados, aten&uacute;a el calor y el viento, y asegura la integraci&oacute;n de la mezquita y los centros de bienestar adyacentes para los pobres, escuelas y hostales en el mercado y los barrios. Lo que experiment&eacute; fue tan alegremente isl&aacute;mico en tantos lugares&hellip; es el efecto tangible de la armon&iacute;a isl&aacute;mica, el estilo de vida isl&aacute;mico y el tratamiento isl&aacute;mico del espacio viviendo en el coraz&oacute;n y en la mente&rdquo;.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Tal vez m&aacute;s que todo esto, lo que tuvo un impacto significativo en su b&uacute;squeda de la verdad, fue su vasto conocimiento de la historia cristiana y las doctrinas. Se percat&oacute; de que hab&iacute;a una diferencia significativa entre las creencias cristianas y lo que el profesor de historia ense&ntilde;a en una universidad. Estaba particularmente confundido por la adopci&oacute;n de la iglesia de las doctrinas establecidas por San Pablo en lugar de las ense&ntilde;anzas del Jes&uacute;s hist&oacute;rico. &ldquo;&iexcl;&Eacute;l, que nunca conoci&oacute; a Jes&uacute;s, reemplaz&oacute; con su cristolog&iacute;a extrema la correcta y original visi&oacute;n judeo-cristiana de Jes&uacute;s!&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Encontraba muy dif&iacute;cil de aceptar que la humanidad cargara con el &ldquo;pecado original&rdquo; y que Dios hiciera torturar y matar a su propio hijo en la cruz para salvar a Su creaci&oacute;n. &ldquo;Comenc&eacute; a darme cuenta de cu&aacute;n monstruoso, incluso blasfemo, era imaginarme que Dios se hubiese quedado corto con Su creaci&oacute;n; que no hubiese podido hacer nada acerca del desastre, supuestamente causado por Ad&aacute;n y Eva, sino engendrar a un hijo s&oacute;lo para sacrificarlo de esa manera; que Dios sufriera por la humanidad, Su creaci&oacute;n&rdquo;.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Volvi&oacute; a la pregunta b&aacute;sica de la existencia de Dios. Despu&eacute;s de analizar los trabajos de fil&oacute;sofos, como Wittgenstein, Pascal, Swinburn y Kant, lleg&oacute; a una convicci&oacute;n intelectual de la existencia de Dios. La pr&oacute;xima pregunta l&oacute;gica a la cual se enfrent&oacute; fue c&oacute;mo Dios se comunica con los seres humanos para guiarlos. Esto lo llev&oacute; a reconocer la necesidad de las revelaciones. Pero, &iquest;qu&eacute; revelaci&oacute;n conten&iacute;a la verdad: la judeo-cristiana o la isl&aacute;mica? Hofmann encontr&oacute; la respuesta a esta pregunta en su tercera experiencia crucial, cuando se encontr&oacute; con el siguiente vers&iacute;culo del Cor&aacute;n:&nbsp;<strong>&ldquo;&hellip;nadie cargar&aacute; con los pecados ajenos&hellip;&rdquo;<\/strong>&nbsp;(53:38). Este vers&iacute;culo le abri&oacute; los ojos y encontr&oacute; la respuesta a su dilema, pues rechazaba claramente y sin ambig&uuml;edades las ideas del &ldquo;pecado original&rdquo; y la esperanza de la &ldquo;intercesi&oacute;n&rdquo; de los santos. &ldquo;Un musulm&aacute;n vive en un mundo sin cleros y sin jerarqu&iacute;as religiosas; cuando reza no se dirige a Jes&uacute;s, a Mar&iacute;a u otro santo intercesor, sino directamente a Dios &ndash;como un creyente totalmente emancipado&ndash; esta es una religi&oacute;n que no tiene misterios&rdquo;. Seg&uacute;n Hofmann, &ldquo;El Musulm&aacute;n es el creyente emancipado por excelencia&rdquo;.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">(parte 2 de 2)<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&nbsp;&ldquo;Comenc&eacute; a ver el Islam con mis propios ojos, como una inmaculada creencia no adulterada, en el &uacute;nico y verdadero Dios, que no engendr&oacute;, ni fue engendrado, que no se parece a nada ni a nadie&hellip; En lugar del calificado de&iacute;smo de un Dios tribal y las construcciones de una Divina Trinidad, el Cor&aacute;n me mostr&oacute; el concepto de Dios m&aacute;s lucido, m&aacute;s directo, m&aacute;s abstracto &ndash;y por lo tanto el m&aacute;s avanzado hist&oacute;ricamente&ndash; y con menos antropomorfismo&rdquo;.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;Las afirmaciones ontol&oacute;gicas del Cor&aacute;n, as&iacute; como tambi&eacute;n las ense&ntilde;anzas &eacute;ticas, dieron la impresi&oacute;n de ser profundamente convincentes: &ldquo;bueno como el oro&rdquo;; por lo tanto, no hab&iacute;a lugar para la menor duda acerca de la autenticidad de la misi&oacute;n prof&eacute;tica de Muhammad. Las personas que comprenden la naturaleza humana no pueden dejar de apreciar la infinita sabidur&iacute;a de &ldquo;lo debido y lo indebido&rdquo; que Dios le transmiti&oacute; al hombre en la forma del Cor&aacute;n&rdquo;.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Para el cumplea&ntilde;os n&uacute;mero 18 de su hijo en 1980, prepar&oacute; un manuscrito de 12 p&aacute;ginas que conten&iacute;a las cosas que &eacute;l consideraba incuestionablemente verdaderas desde un punto de vista filos&oacute;fico. Le pidi&oacute; a un Imam musulm&aacute;n de Cologne, llamado Muhammad Ahmad Rassoul, que&nbsp; observara el trabajo. Despu&eacute;s de leerlo, Rassoul remarc&oacute; que si el Dr. Hofmann cre&iacute;a en lo que hab&iacute;a escrito, entonces &iexcl;era un musulm&aacute;n! Y de hecho, unos pocos d&iacute;as m&aacute;s tarde declar&oacute;: &ldquo;Atestiguo que no hay otra divinidad aparte de Dios, y atestiguo que Muhammad es el Mensajero de Dios&rdquo;. Eso fue el 25 de septiembre de 1980.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El Dr. Hofmann continu&oacute; su carrera profesional como diplom&aacute;tico alem&aacute;n y oficial de la OTAN 15 a&ntilde;os despu&eacute;s de convertirse en musulm&aacute;n. &ldquo;Nunca sufr&iacute; ning&uacute;n tipo de discriminaci&oacute;n en mi vida profesional&rdquo;, dijo. En 1984, tres a&ntilde;os y medio despu&eacute;s de su conversi&oacute;n, el Presidente alem&aacute;n de ese entonces, el Dr. Carl Carstens, lo premi&oacute; con la Orden de M&eacute;rito de la Rep&uacute;blica Federal de Alemania. El gobierno alem&aacute;n distribuy&oacute; su libro&nbsp;<em>Diario de un musulm&aacute;n alem&aacute;n<\/em>&nbsp;a todos las misiones alemanas extranjeras en los pa&iacute;ses musulmanes, como una herramienta anal&iacute;tica. Los deberes profesionales no le prohibieron practicar su religi&oacute;n.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Antes disfrutaba de tomar vino tinto, pero ahora rechazaba educadamente los ofrecimientos de alcohol. Como Oficial de Servicio Extranjero, ocasionalmente organizaba cenas para invitados extranjeros. Participaba en esos eventos con un plato vac&iacute;o frente a &eacute;l durante el mes de Ramad&aacute;n. En 1995, renunci&oacute; voluntariamente al Servicio Exterior para dedicarse a las causas isl&aacute;micas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Discutiendo acerca de los males causados por el alcohol en la vida individual y social, el Dr. Hofmann mencion&oacute; un incidente causado por el alcohol en su propia vida. Durante sus a&ntilde;os de estudio en Nueva York, en 1951, en una ocasi&oacute;n viajaba desde Atlanta a Mississippi. En Holly Spring, Mississipi, de repente un vehiculo aparentemente conducido por un conductor alcoholizado apareci&oacute; frente a su auto, fue un accidente muy serio que hizo que se le cayeran 19 de sus dientes y se desfigurara su boca.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Despu&eacute;s de cirug&iacute;as en su ment&oacute;n y en el labio inferior, el cirujano del hospital le dijo que &ldquo;bajo circunstancias normales, nadie sobrevive a un accidente de este tipo. &iexcl;Dios tiene algo especial en mente para ti, mi amigo!&rdquo; Mientras rengueaba por Holly Spring despu&eacute;s de dejar el hospital, &ldquo;con un brazo lastimado, una rodilla vendada y la cara vendada con color a yodo&rdquo;, se preguntaba cu&aacute;l ser&iacute;a el significado del comentario del cirujano.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Lo lleg&oacute; a conocer un d&iacute;a, pero mucho m&aacute;s tarde. &ldquo;&iexcl;Finalmente, treinta a&ntilde;os m&aacute;s tarde, en el mismo d&iacute;a en que profes&eacute; mi fe en el Islam, comprend&iacute; el verdadero significado de haber sobrevivido!&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Una declaraci&oacute;n acerca de su conversi&oacute;n:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;Desde hace un tiempo ya, buscando m&aacute;s y m&aacute;s precisi&oacute;n y brevedad, intent&eacute; escribir, de manera sistem&aacute;tica, todas las verdades filos&oacute;ficas que, desde mi punto de vista, pueden ser establecidas m&aacute;s all&aacute; de toda duda razonable. En el curso de este esfuerzo, me percat&eacute; de que la t&iacute;pica actitud de un agn&oacute;stico no es inteligente; que el hombre simplemente no puede escapar de una decisi&oacute;n para creer; que la creaci&oacute;n de lo que existe a nuestro alrededor es obvia; que el Islam indudablemente se encuentra a s&iacute; mismo en la mayor armon&iacute;a dentro de la realidad. De este modo, me di cuenta, no sin sorprenderme, que paso a paso, a pesar de m&iacute; mismo y casi inconscientemente, me hubiera convertido en musulm&aacute;n en sentimientos y pensamientos. S&oacute;lo quedaba un &uacute;ltimo paso: formalizar mi conversi&oacute;n&hellip; Hoy soy musulm&aacute;n. He llegado&rdquo;.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":5399,"lft":4790,"rght":4791,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-10-16T19:27:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-08T01:51:05.000000Z","language_id":12,"user_id":7,"author_id":3161,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":10,"parent_id":2503,"author_name":"Wilfried Hofmann","category_name":"Why I became a Muslim!","category_slug":"Why-I-became-a-Muslim!","get_date":"2014-10-16","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.docx"},{"id":2505,"title":"Wilfried Hofmann, diplomate et sp\u00e9cialiste en sciences sociales","slug":"wilfried-hofmann-diplomate-et-spcialiste-en-sciences-sociales","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/fr-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/fr-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:wilfried-hofmann-diplomate-et-spcialiste-en-sciences-sociales","hint":"","body":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Wilfried Hofmann, diplomate et sp&eacute;cialiste en sciences sociales<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><img style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"http:\/\/www.islamreligion.com\/articles\/images\/Wilfried_Hofmann__German_Social_Scientist_and_Diplomat_(part_1_of_2)_001.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&nbsp;(partie 1 de 2)<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">D&eacute;tenteur d&rsquo;un doctorat en droit de l&rsquo;universit&eacute; de Harvard et sp&eacute;cialiste en sciences sociales, un diplomate allemand se convertit &agrave; l&rsquo;islam en 1980.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Le Dr Hoffmann, qui a embrass&eacute; l&rsquo;islam en 1980, est n&eacute; en Allemagne, en 1931, au sein d&rsquo;une famille catholique.&nbsp; Dipl&ocirc;m&eacute; du Union College de New York, il a compl&eacute;t&eacute; ses &eacute;tudes juridiques &agrave; l&rsquo;Universit&eacute; de Munich, o&ugrave; il a re&ccedil;u un doctorat en philosophie du droit en 1957.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Il devint ensuite assistant de recherche pour la r&eacute;forme des proc&eacute;dures de la fonction publique et il re&ccedil;ut, en 1960, le LL.M de la facult&eacute; de Droit de Harvard.&nbsp; Il fut le directeur de l&rsquo;information de l&rsquo;OTAN &agrave; Bruxelles de 1983 &agrave; 1987. Il fut post&eacute; en tant qu&rsquo;ambassadeur de la r&eacute;publique d&rsquo;Allemagne en Alg&eacute;rie en 1987 et ensuite au Maroc en 1990, durant quatre ans. Il accomplit la Omrah (petit p&egrave;lerinage) en 1982 et le Hajj (p&egrave;lerinage complet) en 1992.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Plusieurs exp&eacute;riences particuli&egrave;res ont amen&eacute; le Dr Hoffmann vers l&rsquo;islam. La premi&egrave;re remonte &agrave; 1961, lorsqu&rsquo;il &eacute;tait post&eacute; &agrave; l&rsquo;ambassade d&rsquo;Allemagne en Alg&eacute;rie en tant qu&rsquo;attach&eacute; d&rsquo;ambassade et qu&rsquo;il se trouva confront&eacute; aux combats et &agrave; la gu&eacute;rilla sanglante entre les troupes fran&ccedil;aises et le FLN, qui luttait depuis huit ans pour l&rsquo;ind&eacute;pendance de l&rsquo;Alg&eacute;rie. &nbsp;Sur place, il put t&eacute;moigner de la cruaut&eacute; et des massacres qu&rsquo;enduraient la population alg&eacute;rienne. &nbsp;Chaque jour, une douzaine de personnes &eacute;taient tu&eacute;es &ndash; ex&eacute;cut&eacute;es &agrave; bout portant &ndash; uniquement parce qu&rsquo;elles &eacute;taient arabes ou qu&rsquo;elles &eacute;taient en faveur de l&rsquo;ind&eacute;pendance.&nbsp; &laquo;&nbsp;J&rsquo;ai pu constater la patience et l&rsquo;endurance du peuple alg&eacute;rien face &agrave; la souffrance extr&ecirc;me, leur irr&eacute;sistible discipline durant le mois de Ramadan, leur confiance in&eacute;branlable en la victoire, de m&ecirc;me que leur humanit&eacute; dans leur mis&egrave;re.&nbsp;&raquo; &nbsp;Il sentit que c&rsquo;&eacute;tait leur religion qui les avait forg&eacute;s ainsi; il commen&ccedil;a alors &agrave; &eacute;tudier leur livre religieux &ndash; le Coran. &nbsp;&laquo;&nbsp;Depuis, je n&rsquo;ai jamais cess&eacute; de le lire.&nbsp;&raquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">L&rsquo;art islamique fut une deuxi&egrave;me exp&eacute;rience, pour le Dr Hofmann, dans son voyage vers l&rsquo;islam.&nbsp; Depuis son enfance, il avait toujours aim&eacute; l&rsquo;art et la beaut&eacute;, de m&ecirc;me que le ballet.&nbsp; Tout cela fut &eacute;clips&eacute; par l&rsquo;art islamique, qui le s&eacute;duisit profond&eacute;ment. &nbsp;Sur ce art, il dit&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp; Son secret semble r&eacute;sider dans la pr&eacute;sence intime et universelle de l&rsquo;islam en tant que religion dans toutes ses manifestations artistiques&nbsp;: la calligraphie, les arabesques ornementales, l&rsquo;architecture des maisons et des mosqu&eacute;es, de m&ecirc;me que l&rsquo;am&eacute;nagement urbain. Je pense &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;clatante luminosit&eacute; &agrave; l&rsquo;int&eacute;rieur des mosqu&eacute;es, qui en &eacute;loigne toute forme de mysticisme, et aussi &agrave; l&rsquo;esprit d&eacute;mocratique de leur agencement architectural.&nbsp;&raquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&nbsp;&laquo;Je pense aussi au caract&egrave;re introspectif des palais islamiques, et &agrave; l&rsquo;anticipation du paradis qu&rsquo;on y retrouve, par des jardins ombrag&eacute;s, des fontaines ou de multiples ruisselets. &nbsp;Je pense &eacute;galement &agrave; la structure complexe et parfaitement adapt&eacute;e &agrave; l&rsquo;environnement social des anciens centres urbains islamiques (m&eacute;dinas), structure qui encourage l&rsquo;esprit communautaire et la transparence des transactions commerciales, qui offre un abri contre la chaleur et le vent et qui assure aussi l&rsquo;int&eacute;gration de la mosqu&eacute;e et des centres charitables avoisinants, des &eacute;coles et des auberges au march&eacute; et aux quartiers r&eacute;sidentiels. &nbsp;Ce que j&rsquo;ai ressenti &agrave; plusieurs endroits repr&eacute;sente l&rsquo;islam &agrave; son comble&hellip; c&rsquo;est l&rsquo;effet tangible que l&rsquo;harmonie islamique, le mode de vie islamique, et la gestion islamique de l&rsquo;espace laissent sur le c&oelig;ur et sur l&rsquo;esprit.&nbsp;&raquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Plus que tout cela, l&rsquo;impact le plus significatif dans sa recherche de la v&eacute;rit&eacute; lui est venu de sa parfaite connaissance de l&rsquo;histoire du christianisme et de ses doctrines. &nbsp;Il a r&eacute;alis&eacute; qu&rsquo;il y avait une diff&eacute;rence significative entre ce qu&rsquo;un chr&eacute;tien fid&egrave;le croit et entre ce qu&rsquo;un professeur d&rsquo;histoire enseigne &agrave; l&rsquo;universit&eacute;. &nbsp;Ce qui le troublait en particulier, c&rsquo;est que l&rsquo;&Eacute;glise avait adopt&eacute; les doctrines &eacute;tablies par Paul et les avait pr&eacute;f&eacute;r&eacute;es &agrave; celle du J&eacute;sus historique.&nbsp; &laquo;&nbsp;Lui (Paul) qui n&rsquo;a jamais vu J&eacute;sus, a remplac&eacute; la vision jud&eacute;o-chr&eacute;tienne de J&eacute;sus par une christologie extr&ecirc;me qu&rsquo;il a invent&eacute;e de toutes pi&egrave;ces!&nbsp;&raquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Wilfried Hofmann avait du mal &agrave; accepter que l&rsquo;humanit&eacute; ait &agrave; porter le fardeau d&rsquo;un &laquo;&nbsp;p&eacute;ch&eacute; originel&nbsp;&raquo; et que Dieu ait d&ucirc; faire torturer et ex&eacute;cuter Son propre fils sur la croix dans le but de sauver Sa propre cr&eacute;ation.&nbsp; &laquo;&nbsp;J&rsquo;ai commenc&eacute; &agrave; r&eacute;aliser &agrave; quel point il &eacute;tait monstrueux et m&ecirc;me blasph&eacute;matoire d&rsquo;imaginer que Dieu ait pu rater Sa cr&eacute;ation; qu&rsquo;Il n&rsquo;ait rien pu faire pour rem&eacute;dier au pr&eacute;sum&eacute; d&eacute;sastre caus&eacute; par Adam et &Egrave;ve sans engendrer de fils, pour le laisser ensuite se faire sacrifier de mani&egrave;re si sanguinaire. &nbsp;Il est inimaginable que Dieu puisse souffrir &agrave; cause de l&rsquo;humanit&eacute;, qui est Sa propre cr&eacute;ation.&nbsp;&raquo;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Il retourna &agrave; la question de base, celle de l&rsquo;existence m&ecirc;me de Dieu. Apr&egrave;s avoir analys&eacute; les travaux de philosophes tels que Wittgenstein, Pascal, Swinburne et Kant, il parvint &agrave; une conviction intellectuelle de l&rsquo;existence de Dieu.&nbsp; La question logique suivante &agrave; laquelle il s&rsquo;attaqua consistait &agrave; savoir comment Dieu communique avec les &ecirc;tres humains afin qu&rsquo;ils soient guid&eacute;s. Cela l&rsquo;amena &agrave; admettre la n&eacute;cessit&eacute; des r&eacute;v&eacute;lations. &nbsp;Mais o&ugrave; trouver la v&eacute;rit&eacute;? Dans les &eacute;critures jud&eacute;o-chr&eacute;tiennes ou dans l&rsquo;islam? &nbsp;Il trouva la r&eacute;ponse &agrave; cette question dans sa troisi&egrave;me exp&eacute;rience cruciale, celle de la d&eacute;couverte du verset coranique suivant&nbsp;:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&laquo;... aucune &acirc;me ne portera le fardeau [des p&eacute;ch&eacute;s] d&rsquo;une autre.&nbsp;&raquo; (Coran 53:38)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Ce verset lui ouvrit les yeux et apporta la r&eacute;ponse &agrave; son dilemme. &nbsp;Il rejetait clairement et sans aucune ambigu&iuml;t&eacute; l&rsquo;id&eacute;e d&rsquo;un fardeau de &laquo;&nbsp;p&eacute;ch&eacute; originel&nbsp;&raquo; et de l&rsquo;attente d&rsquo;une &laquo;&nbsp;intercession&nbsp;&raquo; par les saints.&nbsp; &laquo;&nbsp;Un musulman vit dans un monde sans clerg&eacute; et sans hi&eacute;rarchie religieuse; lorsqu&rsquo;il prie, il ne le fait pas via J&eacute;sus, via Marie ou via d&rsquo;autres saints qui interc&eacute;deraient en sa faveur; il prie Dieu directement &ndash; comme un croyant parfaitement &eacute;mancip&eacute;.&nbsp; L&rsquo;islam est une religion exempte de myst&egrave;res.&nbsp;&raquo; &nbsp;Selon Hofmann, &laquo; le musulman est, par excellence, un croyant &eacute;mancip&eacute; &raquo;.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/h1>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":4787,"lft":4792,"rght":4793,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-10-16T19:27:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-08T01:17:29.000000Z","language_id":9,"user_id":7,"author_id":3161,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":10,"parent_id":2503,"author_name":"Wilfried Hofmann","category_name":"Why I became a Muslim!","category_slug":"Why-I-became-a-Muslim!","get_date":"2014-10-16","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/fr-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/fr-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.docx"},{"id":2506,"title":"Wilfried Hofmann, Deutscher Soziologe und Diplomat","slug":"wilfried-hofmann-deutscher-soziologe-und-diplomat","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/de-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/de-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:wilfried-hofmann-deutscher-soziologe-und-diplomat","hint":"","body":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Wilfried Hofmann, Deutscher Soziologe und Diplomat<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><img style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"http:\/\/www.islamreligion.com\/articles\/images\/Wilfried_Hofmann__German_Social_Scientist_and_Diplomat_(part_1_of_2)_001.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&nbsp;(teil 1 von 2)<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Ph.D (Law) Harvard. Deutscher Soziologe und Diplomat. &nbsp;Nimmt 1980 den Islam an.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Dr. Hofmann, der 1980 den Islam annahm, wurde 1931 als Katholik in Deutschland geboren.&nbsp; Er absolvierte das Union College in New York und vervollst&auml;ndigte seine Studien an der Universit&auml;t in M&uuml;nchen, wo er 1957 seinen Doktor in Jura machte.&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Er wurde wissenschaftlicher Assistent f&uuml;r die Reform des Bundes &ndash; Zivilproze&szlig;es und 1960 erhielt er einen LL.M. Grad von der Harvard Law School.&nbsp; Er war von 1983 &ndash; 1987 Direktor f&uuml;r Information bei der NATO in Br&uuml;ssel.&nbsp; 1987 wurde er als deutscher Botschafter nach Algerien entsandt.&nbsp; Und dann 1990 nach Marokko, wo er vier Jahre diente. &nbsp;Er verrichtete 1982 Umrah (kleinere Pilgerreise) und 1992 Ha\u011f\u011f (Pilgerreise).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Verschiedene Schl&uuml;sselerfahrungen f&uuml;hrten Dr. Hofmann zum Islam.&nbsp; Das erste davon begann 1961, als er als Attache in die Deutsche Botschaft in Algerien entsandt wurde und sich inmitten von blutigen Guerillak&auml;mpfen zwischen franz&ouml;sischen Truppen und der Algerischen Nationalfront wiederfand, die seit acht Jahren f&uuml;r die Unabh&auml;ngigkeit Algeriens k&auml;mpften.&nbsp; Dort wurde er Zeuge der Brutalit&auml;t und der Massaker, welche die algerische Bev&ouml;lkerung ertrug.&nbsp; Jeden Tag wurden fast ein Dutzend Menschen get&ouml;tet &ndash; im Exekutionsstil - nur daf&uuml;r, dass sie Araber waren oder sie sich f&uuml;r die Unabh&auml;ngigkeit aussprachen. &nbsp;&ldquo;Ich wurde Zeuge der Geduld und Biegsamkeit der algerischen Bev&ouml;lkerung angesichts des extremen Leidens, ihrer &uuml;berw&auml;ltigenden Disziplin w&auml;hrend des Ramadhan, ihr Vertrauen auf den Sieg, ebenso wie ihrer Humanit&auml;t inmitten des Elends.&rdquo; &nbsp;Er f&uuml;hlte, dass es ihre Religion war, die sie so machte, und deshalb begann er, ihr religi&ouml;ses Buch, den Qur&acute;an, zu studieren.&nbsp; &ldquo;Ich habe nie wieder aufgeh&ouml;rt, darin zu lesen, bis zum heutigen Tag.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Islamische Kunst war die zweite Erfahrung f&uuml;r Dr. Hofmann auf seiner Reise zum Islam.&nbsp; Von seiner Jugend an war er von Kunst und Sch&ouml;nheit und Balletttanz angezogen.&nbsp; All dies wurde &uuml;berschattet, als er islamische Kunst kennenlernte, die ihn sehr stark anzog.&nbsp; In Bezug auf islamische Kunst sagte er: \"Ihr Geheimnis scheint in der innerlichen und universellen Anwesenheit des Islam als Religion in all ihren k&uuml;nstlerischen Manifestationen, Kalligraphien, raumf&uuml;llenden Arabekornamenten, Teppichmustern, Moschee und Wohnarchitektur zu liegen, ebenso wie in ihrer St&auml;dteplanung.&nbsp; Ich denke an die Helligkeit der Moscheen, die jeglichen Mystizismus eingrenzt, an den demokratischen Geist ihres architektonischen Layouts.\"&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;Ich denke auch an die introspektive Qualit&auml;t der muslimischen Pal&auml;ste, ihre Auffassung vom Paradies als G&auml;rten voller Schatten, Font&auml;nen und B&auml;chlein, an die komplizierte soziale gesellschaftliche Struktur der alten islamischen Stadtkerne (madinahs), welche den Gesellschaftsgeist n&auml;hrt und der Tranzparenz des Marktes, temperiert Hitze und Wind und sichert die Integration der Moschee und der angrenzenden Wohlfahrtszentren f&uuml;r die Armen, Schulen und Herbergen in Markt und Wohnanlagen.&nbsp; Was ich erfahren habe, ist an so vielen Pl&auml;tzen so wunderbar islamisch&hellip;&nbsp; das ist der sp&uuml;rbare Effekt aus islamischer Harmonie, islamischer Lebensweise und der islamischen Behandlung des Raumes, was sowohl das Herz als auch den Verstand anspricht.\"&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Vielleicht noch mehr als dies alles was einen besonderen Druck auf seine Suche nach der Wahrheit aus&uuml;bte, war sein Wissen &uuml;ber die christliche Geschichte und ihre Doktrinen.&nbsp; Ihm war v&ouml;llig bewu&szlig;t, dass es eine grundlegende Differenz zwischen einem christlichen Gl&auml;ubigen gab und dem, was ein Geschichtsprofessor an der Universit&auml;t lehrte.&nbsp; Insbesondere verwirrte ihn, dass die Kirche den Doktrinen, die der \"Heilige Paulus\" aufgestellt hatte, den Vorrang vor Jesus gab.&nbsp; \"Er, der Jesus niemals begegnet war, ersetzte mit seiner extremen Christiologie die urspr&uuml;nglich und korrekte j&uuml;disch-christlichen Ansicht &uuml;ber Jesus!&ldquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Er fand es schwierig, zu akzeptieren, dass die Menschheit mit der \"Erbs&uuml;nde\" belastet sein soll und damit, dass Gott seinen eigenen Sohn h&auml;tte qu&auml;len und am Kreuz ermorden lassen, um Seine Gesch&ouml;pfe zu sch&uuml;tzen.&nbsp; \"Ich begann, gewahr zu werden, wie monstr&ouml;s, ja sogar blasphemisch es ist, sich vorzustellen, Gott h&auml;tte in Seiner Sch&ouml;pfung Fehler machen k&ouml;nnen; dass Er unf&auml;hig gewesen sein sollte, etwas gegen das Verderben, das vermutlich von Adam und Eva verursacht worden war, unternehmen zu k&ouml;nnen, ohne einen Sohn zu zeugen, nur um ihn auf eine so blutige Art opfern zu m&uuml;ssen; dass Gott f&uuml;r die Menschheit, Seine Sch&ouml;pfung, leiden k&ouml;nnte.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Er kam auf die grunds&auml;tzliche Frage &uuml;br die Existenz Gottes zur&uuml;ck.&nbsp; Nachdem er die Werke von Philosophen wie Wittgenstein, Pascal, Swinburn, und Kant analysiert hatte, kam er zu einer intellektuellen &Uuml;berzeugung von der Existenz Gottes.&nbsp; Die n&auml;chstlogische Frage, der er sich widmete, war, wie Gott mit den Menschen kommunizierte, damit sie geleitet wurden.&nbsp; Dies lie&szlig; ihn den Bedarf an Offenbarungen zugeben.&nbsp; Aber was enth&auml;lt die Wahrheit &ndash; zu der Antort auf diese Frage fand er durch seine dritte wichtige Erfahrung, als er folgende Verse des Qur&acute;an las, diese Verse &ouml;ffneten seine Augen.&nbsp; Klar und unzweideutig f&uuml;r ihn weisen sie die Vorstellung von den Lasten der \"Erbs&uuml;nde\" und den Aussichten einer \"F&uuml;rsprache\" durch die Heiligen zur&uuml;ck.&nbsp; \"Ein Muslim lebt in einer Welt ohne Klerus und ohne religi&ouml;se Hierarchie; wenn er betet, betet er nicht &uuml;ber Jesus, Maria oder andere vermittelnde Heilige, sondern direkt zu Gott &ndash; als ein vollst&auml;ndig emanzipierter Gl&auml;ubiger &ndash; und das ist eine Religion frei von Mysterien.\"&nbsp; Gem&auml;&szlig; Hofmann ist ein Muslim der emanzipierte Gl&auml;ubige par excellance.\"&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">(teil 2 von 2)<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;Ich begann, den Islam mit meinen eigenen Augen zu sehen, als den unverf&auml;lschten, reinen Glauben an den Einen und Einzigen, den Wahren Gott, Der nicht zeugt und nicht gezeugt wurde, Dem nichts und niemand &auml;hnelt...&nbsp; Anstelle des qualifizierten Deismus eines Stammesgottes und der Konstruktionen einer g&ouml;ttlichen Trinit&auml;t zeigte mir der Qur&acute;an das einleuchtendste, geradlinigste, abstrakteste &ndash; und deshalb historisch fortschrittlichste &ndash; und am wenigsten anthropomorphische Konzept von Gott.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;Die ontologischen Feststellungen des Qur&acute;an ebenso wie seine ethischen Lehren beeindruckten mich, da sie grunds&auml;tzlich plausible waren, \"so gut wie Gold\", da gab es keinen Platz auch nur f&uuml;r den geringsten Zweifel an der Glaubw&uuml;rdigkeit &uuml;ber die prophetische Mission Muhammads. &nbsp;Menschen, die die menschliche Natur verstehen, werden nicht umhin k&ouml;nnen, die unendliche Weisheit der Gebote und Verbote des Islams, die Gott dem Menschen mit dem Qur&acute;an ausgeh&auml;ndigt hat, zu sch&auml;tzen.&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">F&uuml;r den nahen 18ten Geburtstag seines Sohnes im Jahr 1980 bereitete er ein zw&ouml;lfseitiges Manuskript vor, das die Dinge enthielt, die er aus philosophischer Sicht f&uuml;r unfragw&uuml;rdig wahr hielt.&nbsp; Er bat einen muslimischen Imam in K&ouml;ln mit dem Namen Muhammad Ahmad Rassoul, einen Blick auf das Werk zu werfen.&nbsp; Nachdem er es gelesen hatte, bemerkte Rassoul, dass wenn Dr. Hofmann glaubte, was er da geschrieben habe, dann sei er Muslim!&nbsp; Das wurde dann auch wenige Tage darauf der Fall, als er erkl&auml;rte: \"Ich bezeuge, es gibt keine (wahre) Gottheit ausser Gott, und Muhammad ist der Gesandte (Prophet) Gottes\".&nbsp; Das war am 25. September 1980<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Dr. Hofmann setzte seine berufliche Karriere als deutscher Diplomat und NATO Offizier noch f&uuml;nfzehn Jahre lang fort, nachdem er Muslim geworden war.&nbsp; &ldquo;Ich erfuhr keinerlei Diskriminierung in meinem Berufsleben\" sagte er.&nbsp; 1984, dreieinhalb Jahre nach seiner Konvertierung, zeichnete ihn der deutsche Bundespr&auml;sident Dr. Carl Carstens mit dem Bundesverdienstkreuz der Bundesrepublik Deutschland aus.&nbsp; Die deutsche Regierung verteilte sein Buch: \"Tagebuch eines deutschen Muslim\" an alle Auslandsbotschaften in den muslimischen L&auml;ndern als analytisches Hilfsmittel.&nbsp; Berufliche Pflichten hielten ihn nicht davon ab, seine Religion zu praktizieren.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Der fr&uuml;here Rotweinkenner lehnte nun h&ouml;flich jegliche Angebote, Alkohol zu trinken, ab.&nbsp; Als Au&szlig;enminister hatte er gelegentlich Essen f&uuml;r ausl&auml;ndische G&auml;ste zu organisieren.&nbsp; An derartigen Essen nahm er im Ramadhan mit einem leeren Gedeck vor sich teil.&nbsp; Im Jahr 1995 zog er sich freiwillig aus dem Au&szlig;enministerium zur&uuml;ck, um sich dem Islam zu widmen. &nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Als er die schlechten Einfl&uuml;sse diskutiert, die der Alkohol auf das individuelle und gesellschaftliche Leben besitzt, erw&auml;hnte Dr. Hofmann ein Ereignis aus seinem eigenen Leben, das durch Alkohol hervorgerufen wurde.&nbsp; W&auml;hrend seiner Kollegejahre in New York, reiste er 1951 einmal von Atlanta nach Mississippi.&nbsp; Als er in Holy Spring, Mississippi, war, erschien pl&ouml;tzlich vor seinem Wagen ein Fahrzeug, das offensichtlich von einem betrunkenen Fahrer gefahren wurde.&nbsp; Es passierte ein schwerer Unfall, der ihn neunzehn Z&auml;hne kostete und seinen Mund verunstaltete.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Nachdem er sein Kinn und seine H&uuml;fte einem chirugischen Eingriff unterzogen hatte, tr&ouml;stete ihn der Chirurg, indem er sagte: \"Unter normalen Umst&auml;nden &uuml;berlebt keiner einen solchen Unfall.&nbsp; Gott hat etwas besonderes mit dir vor, mein Freund.\"&nbsp; Als er nach der Entlassung aus dem Krankenhaus mit seinem \"Arm in einer Schlinge, einem bandagierten Knie, einer jodverf&auml;rbten, zusammengen&auml;hten unteren Gesichtsh&auml;lfte\" durch Holy Spring humpelte, fragte er sich, was der Arzt mit seiner Bemerkung gemeint haben konnte.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Eines Tages kam er darauf, aber sehr viel sp&auml;ter.&nbsp; \"Schlie&szlig;lich, drei&szlig;ig Jahre sp&auml;ter, an dem Tag, an dem ich meinen Glauben an den Islam bezeugt hatte, wurde mir die wahre Bedeutung meines &Uuml;berlebens deutlich bewu&szlig;t!\"&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Eine Stellungnahme zu seiner Konversion:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;Seit einiger Zeit habe ich nun versucht, um Pr&auml;zision und K&uuml;rze bem&uuml;ht, auf systematische Weise alle philosophischen Wahrheiten zu Papier zu bringen, die meiner Ansicht nach ohne vern&uuml;nftige Zweifel in Erfahrung gebracht werden k&ouml;nnen.&nbsp; Im Verlauf dieser Bem&uuml;hungen wurde mir klar, dass die typische Art eines Agnostikers keine intelligente ist; dass Mann einer Entscheidung f&uuml;r den Glauben nicht entfliehen kann; dass das Geschaffensein von allem, was um uns herum existiert, offensichtlich ist; dass der Islam zweifellos die gr&ouml;&szlig;te Harmonie mit der Wirklichkeit darstellt. &nbsp;Da wurde mir klar, nicht ganz ohne Schock, dass ich Schritt f&uuml;r Schritt in mir selbst und ohne es zu bemerken, zu einem Muslim gewachsen war.&nbsp; Nur der letzte Schritt musste noch vollzogen werden: meine Konversion zu formulieren.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">So bin ich heute ein Muslim. &nbsp;Ich bin angekommen.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/h1>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":7141,"lft":4794,"rght":4795,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-10-16T19:27:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-08T15:46:28.000000Z","language_id":7,"user_id":7,"author_id":3161,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":10,"parent_id":2503,"author_name":"Wilfried Hofmann","category_name":"Why I became a Muslim!","category_slug":"Why-I-became-a-Muslim!","get_date":"2014-10-16","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/de-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/de-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.docx"},{"id":2507,"title":"\u5a01\u5c14\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u00b7\u970d\u592b\u66fc\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98","slug":"\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/zh-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/zh-Wilfried Hofmann, German Social Scientist and Diplomat.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644","hint":"","body":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>\u5a01\u5c14\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7&middot;\u970d\u592b\u66fc\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><img style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"http:\/\/www.islamreligion.com\/articles\/images\/Wilfried_Hofmann__German_Social_Scientist_and_Diplomat_(part_1_of_2)_001.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\uff081\/2\uff09<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u54c8\u4f5b\uff08\u6cd5\u5b66\uff09\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u5916\u4ea4\u5bb6\uff0c1980\u5e74\u5f52\u4fe1\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u535a\u58eb\uff0c1931\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e00\u4e2a\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u7ebd\u7ea6\u8054\u5408\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u540e\u4e8e1957\u5e74\u5728\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u5927\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u6cd5\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u8054\u90a6\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6539\u9769\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u505a\u52a9\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1960\u5e74\u5728\u54c8\u4f5b\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u5546\u6cd5\u5b66\u4f4d\u30021983\u81f31987\u5e74\uff0c\u4efb\u5317\u7ea6\u9a7b\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14\u4fe1\u606f\u603b\u76d1\u30021987\u5e74\u4efb\u5fb7\u56fd\u9a7b\u963f\u5c14\u53ca\u5229\u4e9a\u5927\u4f7f\uff0c1990\u5e74\u88ab\u6d3e\u5f80\u6469\u6d1b\u54e5\u4efb\u804c\u56db\u5e74\u3002\u66fe\u57281982\u5e74\u524d\u5f80\u9ea6\u52a0\u53c2\u52a0\u526f\u671d\uff08\u5c0f\u671d\uff09\uff0c1992\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u6b63\u671d\uff08\u5927\u671d\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u51e0\u6b21\u5173\u952e\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u4f7f\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u535a\u58eb\u5bf9\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6709\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u57281961\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u968f\u884c\u5b98\u5458\u88ab\u6d3e\u5f80\u5fb7\u56fd\u9a7b\u963f\u5c14\u53ca\u5229\u4e9a\u4f7f\u9986\u3002\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u6cd5\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u53ca\u5229\u4e9a\u6c11\u65cf\u9635\u7ebf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8840\u8165\u6e38\u51fb\u6218\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u76ee\u7779\u4e86\u6cd5\u56fd\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u5bf9\u963f\u5c14\u53ca\u5229\u4e9a\u4eba\u6c11\u6781\u7aef\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u3002\u6bcf\u5929\uff0c\u6570\u5341\u4eba\u88ab\u6253\u6b7b&mdash;&mdash;&ldquo;\u8fd1\u8ddd\u79bb\u5904\u51b3&rdquo;&mdash;&mdash;\u90a3\u4e9b\u4eba\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e9b\u65e0\u8f9c\u7684\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5e73\u6c11\u6216\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u800c\u5450\u558a\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u3002&ldquo;\u6211\u4eb2\u773c\u76ee\u7779\u4e86\u963f\u5c14\u53ca\u5229\u4e9a\u4eba\u6c11\u9762\u5bf9\u6781\u7aef\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u6740\u622e\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u575a\u97e7\u4e0d\u62d4\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u5728\u658b\u6708\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6218\u706b\u7eb7\u98de\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f9d\u7136\u8654\u8bda\u5730\u575a\u5b88\u658b\u6212\u3001\u5bf9\u80dc\u5229\u62b1\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3001\u52c7\u6562\u9762\u5bf9\u82e6\u96be\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u62e5\u6709\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u52c7\u6c14\u3002&rdquo;\u4ed6\u89c9\u5f97\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u6e90\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e60\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u7ecf\u5178&mdash;&mdash;\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u3002&ldquo;\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u6211\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u505c\u6b62\u8fc7\u9605\u8bfb\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u3002&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7684\u827a\u672f\u662f\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u535a\u58eb\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5386\u7a0b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5386\u3002\u4ed6\u5c0f\u5c31\u559c\u6b22\u827a\u672f\u3001\u7f8e\u5b66\uff0c\u53ca\u82ad\u857e\u821e\u3002\u5f53\u4ed6\u8fd1\u8ddd\u79bb\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u827a\u672f\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5\u524d\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6240\u8c13&ldquo;\u827a\u672f&rdquo;\u90fd\u9eef\u7136\u5931\u8272\u3002\u5728\u8c08\u5230\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u827a\u672f\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a&ldquo;\u5b83\u7684\u5965\u79d8\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7684\u6700\u771f\u5207\u548c\u6700\u666e\u904d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff1a\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4e66\u6cd5\u3001\u82b1\u7eb9\u88c5\u9970\u3001\u5730\u6bef\u56fe\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\u548c\u4f4f\u623f\u5efa\u7b51\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u5212\u65e0\u4e00\u5904\u4e0d\u663e\u73b0\u5176\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\u7684\u5ba3\u793c\u5854\u6563\u53d1\u7740\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5965\u79d8\uff0c\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u827a\u672f\u5448\u73b0\u7740\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u6c14\u606f\u3002&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;\u6211\u540c\u65f6\u53cd\u601d\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u5bab\u6bbf\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u671f\u76fc\u7684\u4e50\u56ed\u91cc\u9762\u5c31\u6709&lsquo;\u6f2b\u6f2b\u7684\u6811\u836b&rsquo;\u3001&lsquo;\u6cdb\u6cdb\u7684\u6d41\u6c34&rsquo;\uff1b\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u90fd\u5e02\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u975e\u51e1\u6d3b\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\u548c\u8d2b\u6c11\u798f\u5229\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u65c5\u9986\u3001\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c45\u6c11\u533a\u7684\u76f8\u534f\u8c03\u3001\u76f8\u878d\u5408\u3002\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u5f00\u5fc3\u5730\u6e38\u5386\u4e86\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u65b9&hellip;&hellip;\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7684\u548c\u8c10\u89c2\u5ff5\u3001\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6839\u690d\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u5185\u5fc3\u6df1\u5904\u7684\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7684\u4e3a\u4eba\u5904\u4e16\u539f\u5219\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u6253\u52a8\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u6211&hellip;&hellip;&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u4e5f\u8bb8\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8d8a\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u4e5f\u4f7f\u4ed6\u6709\u4e86\u8ffd\u6c42\u771f\u7406\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u6559\u4e49\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u4ed6\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u540c\u4ed6\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u91cc\u5386\u53f2\u8bfe\u4e0a\u6240\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u7740\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4ee4\u4ed6\u56f0\u60d1\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5723&middot;\u4fdd\u7f57\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u6559\u4e49\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u8036\u7a23\u6240\u5021\u5bfc\u7684\u6559\u4e49\u3002&ldquo;\u4ed6\uff08\u5723&middot;\u4fdd\u7f57\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u672a\u89c1\u8fc7\u8036\u7a23\uff0c\u5374\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u57fa\u7763\u8bba\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u539f\u6709\u7684\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u57fa\u7763<a title=\" \u72b9\u592a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff08Judeo-Christian\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\u7cfb\u6307\u5171\u540c\u88ab\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e14\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u6cd5\u89c4\u53ca\u9053\u5fb7\u89c4\u8303\u4e4b\u57fa\u7840\u3002&mdash;&mdash;\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8\" href=\"http:\/\/www.islamreligion.com\/cn\/articles\/124\/#_ftn15190\">[1]<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5bf9\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff01&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u8fd8\u4f7f\u4ed6\u96be\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u8981\u8d1f\u62c5&ldquo;\u539f\u7f6a&rdquo;\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u795e\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7\u6298\u78e8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684&ldquo;\u513f\u5b50&rdquo;\u5e76\u628a\u4ed6\u9489\u6b7b\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u633d\u6551\u4f17\u751f\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002&ldquo;\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\u5bf9\u795e\u7684\u4eb5\u6e0e\u3002\u795e\u600e\u4e48\u4f1a\u8ba9\u88ab\u9020\u7269\u72af\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u53c8\u4f7f\u4eba\u4e4b\u5b50\u4ee5\u5982\u6b64\u8840\u8165\u7684\u727a\u7272\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u627f\u62c5\u4eba\u7956\u6240\u72af\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff1f\u795e\u9664\u4e86\u8ba9\u4eba\u7c7b&mdash;&mdash;\u4ed6\u7684\u521b\u9020\u7269\u627f\u53d7\u78e8\u96be\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u96be\u9053\u4ed6\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7f6e\u7531\u4e9a\u5f53\u548c\u590f\u5a03\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u7684&lsquo;\u707e\u7978&rsquo;\u5417\uff1f\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u771f\u662f\u96be\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u4ed6\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u795e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u3001\u5e15\u65af\u5361\u5c14\u3001\u65af\u6e29\u4f2f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5eb7\u5fb7\u6069\u7b49\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5206\u6790\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u786e\u4fe1&ldquo;\u795e\u5b58\u5728&rdquo;\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4ed6\u6240\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6307\u5bfc\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u795e\u4ee5\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u540c\u4eba\u7c7b\u6c9f\u901a\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u601d\u8003\u4f7f\u4ed6\u6709\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b&ldquo;\u9700\u8981\u542f\u793a&rdquo;\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u4f46\u4f55\u8c13\u771f\u7406&mdash;&mdash;\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u7684\u300a\u65e7\u7ea6\u300b\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u300a\u65b0\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u7684\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u4ed6\u9605\u8bfb\u4e86\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u7ecf\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u7ecf\u6587\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u53cc\u773c\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4ee4\u4ed6\u56f0\u60d1\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u767d\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a\u5426\u5b9a\u4eba\u7c7b\u627f\u62c5&ldquo;\u539f\u7f6a&rdquo;\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u9700\u8981\u5723\u5f92&ldquo;\u8bf4\u60c5&rdquo;\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002&ldquo;\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u7267\u5e08\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7b49\u7ea7\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\uff1b\u5f53\u4ed6\u7948\u7977\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u8036\u7a23\u3001\u739b\u5229\u4e9a\uff0c\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u6240\u8c13\u8bf4\u60c5\u7684\u5723\u5f92\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5411\u5b89\u62c9\u7948\u7977\uff0c&mdash;&mdash;\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8005&mdash;&mdash;\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u81ea\u7531\u3002&rdquo;\u6839\u636e\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c&ldquo;\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u88ab\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8005\u3002&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n<hr size=\"2\" \/>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Footnotes:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><a title=\"Back to the refrence of this footnote\" href=\"http:\/\/www.islamreligion.com\/cn\/articles\/124\/#_ftnref15190\">[1]<\/a>&nbsp;\u72b9\u592a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff08Judeo-Christian\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\u7cfb\u6307\u5171\u540c\u88ab\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e14\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u6cd5\u89c4\u53ca\u9053\u5fb7\u89c4\u8303\u4e4b\u57fa\u7840\u3002&mdash;&mdash;\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\uff082\/2\uff09<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u6beb\u65e0\u6742\u5ff5\u3001\u5185\u5fc3\u7eaf\u6d01\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7684\u771f\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fe1\u72ec\u4e00\u7684\u795e&mdash;&mdash;\u4ed6\u662f\u5b89\u62c9\uff0c\u662f\u72ec\u4e00\u7684\u4e3b\uff1b\u5b89\u62c9\u662f\u4e07\u7269\u6240\u4ef0\u8d56\u7684\uff1b\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u751f\u4ea7\uff1b\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4ed6\u7684\u5339\u654c&hellip;&hellip;\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u6ee1\u591a\u795e\u5d07\u62dc\u548c\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u4f53\u6559\u4e49\u7684\u73af\u5883\u91cc\uff0c\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u6700\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u6700\u660e\u4e86\u3001\u6700\u6982\u62ec\u7684\u5ba3\u793a\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u6765\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u3001\u6700\u80fd\u8ba9\u4eba\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u795e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&ldquo;\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5947\u8ff9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u6559\u8bf2\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e86\u6211&lsquo;\u771f\u91d1&rsquo;\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5bf9\u5148\u77e5\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e1d\u6beb\u7684\u6000\u7591\u3002\u61c2\u5f97\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u4f1a\u653e\u5f03\u5bf9\u542f\u793a\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u3001\u5168\u77e5\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u80fd\u7684\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u611f\u8c22\u3002&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">1980\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u8fce\u6765\u513f\u5b5018\u5c81\u751f\u65e5\u6765\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u4ece\u54f2\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u63ba\u6742\u4e1d\u6beb\u6742\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ed6\u8d77\u8349\u4e8612\u9875\u7684\u624b\u7a3f\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf7\u79d1\u9686\u5e02\uff08\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e2d\u897f\u90e8\u57ce\u5e02\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4f0a\u739b\u76ee\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7&middot;\u827e\u54c8\u8fc8\u5fb7&middot;\u62c9\u82cf\u52d2\u5ba1\u9605\u3002\u770b\u5b8c\u8fd9\u4e00\u624b\u7a3f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u62c9\u82cf\u52d2\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u535a\u58eb\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u6240\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u7a46\u65af\u6797\uff01\u679c\u771f\uff0c\u51e0\u5929\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5ba3\u8a93\uff1a&ldquo;\u6211\u4f5c\u8bc1\uff1a\u9664\u5b89\u62c9\u5916\u7edd\u65e0\u5e94\u53d7\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\uff1b\u6211\u4f5c\u8bc1\uff1a\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u662f\u5b89\u62c9\u7684\u4f7f\u8005\u3002&rdquo;\u65f6\u4e3a 1980\u5e749\u670825\u65e5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u6210\u4e3a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u540e\uff0c\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u535a\u58eb\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ece\u4e8b\u5fb7\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u548c\u5317\u7ea6\u5b98\u545815\u5e74\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u3002&nbsp;&ldquo;\u5728\u6211\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\u6211\u4ece\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u4efb\u4f55\u6b67\u89c6&rdquo;\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u5f52\u4fe1\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4e09\u5e74\u534a\u540e\uff0c\u53731984\u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5361\u5c14&middot;\u5361\u65af\u6ed5\u65af\u535a\u58eb\u6388\u4e88\u4ed6\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u8054\u90a6\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u52cb\u7ae0\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5c06\u4ed6\u6240\u5199\u7684\u300a\u4e00\u540d\u5fb7\u56fd\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u8d60\u9001\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u5728\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u56fd\u5bb6\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u624b\u518c\u3002\u4e13\u4e1a\u804c\u52a1\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u963b\u6b62\u4ed6\u529b\u884c\u4ed6\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u529f\u4fee\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u66fe\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u5d07\u5c1a\u7ea2\u8461\u8404\u9152\u827a\u672f\u7684\u4ed6\uff0c\u800c\u4eca\u5374\u5f88\u793c\u8c8c\u5730\u62d2\u7edd\u4efb\u4f55\u9152\u7cbe\u996e\u6599\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u65f6\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e3a\u5916\u56fd\u5ba2\u4eba\u5b89\u6392\u5de5\u4f5c\u5348\u9910\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u83b1\u9ea6\u65e6\u6708\uff08\u4f0a\u5386\u4e5d\u6708\uff09\u53c2\u52a0\u5348\u9910\u4f1a\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u524d\u9762\u7684\u789f\u5b50\u603b\u662f\u7a7a\u7684\u30021995\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e3b\u52a8\u8f9e\u53bb\u5916\u4ea4\u804c\u52a1\uff0c\u4e13\u5fc3\u6295\u5165\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u5728\u8bba\u53ca\u9152\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7978\u5bb3\u65f6\uff0c\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u535a\u58eb\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e86\u9152\u5bf9\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4ee5\u4eb2\u8eab\u7ecf\u5386\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u9152\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u30021951\u5e74\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u4e0a\u5927\u5b66\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ece\u4e9a\u7279\u5170\u5927\u524d\u5f80\u5bc6\u897f\u897f\u6bd4\u5dde\u3002\u5f53\u4ed6\u5728\u5bc6\u897f\u897f\u6bd4\u5dde\u5723\u6cc9\u5802\u65f6\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u4e00\u8f86\u9152\u9189\u53f8\u673a\u9a7e\u9a76\u7684\u8f66\u5411\u4ed6\u7684\u8f66\u76f4\u51b2\u800c\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u4e8b\u6545\uff0c\u5e26\u8d70\u4e86\u4ed6\u768419\u9897\u7259\u9f7f\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u4ed6\u7684\u5634\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u632b\u4f24\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u624b\u672f\u540e\uff0c\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u751f\u5b89\u6170\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a&ldquo;\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u50cf\u4f60\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e8b\u6545\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u751f\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u3002\u670b\u53cb\uff01\u8fd9\u662f\u795e\u5bf9\u4f60\u7684\u75bc\u7231\u3002&rdquo;&ldquo;\u6254\u6389\u4e86\u62d0\u6756\uff0c\u5305\u624e\u7740\u7684\u819d\u76d6\uff0c\u6d53\u6d53\u7684\u7898\u8272\uff0c\u7f1d\u5408\u7684\u4e0b\u5df4&rdquo;&nbsp;\u51fa\u9662\u540e\u5c45\u7136\u80fd\u5728\u5723\u6cc9\u5802\u4e00\u7638\u4e00\u62d0\uff01\u4ed6\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u751f\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u4f46\u771f\u6b63\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u5f88\u4e45\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u4e8b\u3002&ldquo;30\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u4e00\u5929\u516c\u5e03\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0&mdash;&mdash;\u6211\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\uff0c\u4ece\u90a3\u5929\u8d77\uff0c\u6211\u611f\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\uff01&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u4ed6\u7684\u7688\u4f9d\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"w-body-text-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 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