{"fatawa":{"id":1310,"title":"K\u00dc\u00c7\u00dcK YA\u015eTA \u00d6LEN \u00c7OCUKLAR CENNETTE M\u0130 YOKSA CEHENNEMDE M\u0130 OLURLAR?","slug":"kuecuek-yasta-oelen-cocuklar-cennette-mi-yoksa-cehennemde-mi-olurlar","order":"","question":"Bulu\u011f (ergenlik) \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na ermeden \u00f6len \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n hepsi mi cennete girecekler? Yoksa babalar\u0131 m\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00e7ocuklar m\u0131 sadece cennete girecekler?","answer":"
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Hamd, yaln\u0131zca Allah'ad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu konunun iki makamda de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Birincisi: Bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen müslümanlar\u0131n çocuklar\u0131n\u0131n varaca\u011f\u0131 yer.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0130kincisi: Bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen kâfirlerin çocuklar\u0131n\u0131n varaca\u011f\u0131 yer.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen müslümanlar\u0131n çocuklar\u0131n\u0131n varaca\u011f\u0131 yere gelince, \u0130bn-i Kesîr -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu konuda \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Mü'minlerin çocuklar\u0131na gelince, bu konuda âlimler aras\u0131nda hiçbir görü\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoktur.Nitekim Kad\u0131 Ebu Ya'lâ b. el-Firâ el-Hanbelî, \u0130mam Ahmed'in \u015föyle dedi\u011fini nakletmi\u015ftir: Onlar\u0131n cennetlik olduklar\u0131 konusunda ihtilaf edilmez. Bu, âlimler aras\u0131nda me\u015fhur olan görü\u015ftür. Biz de -in\u015faallah- bu görü\u015fü kesin olarak ifâde ederiz.\" (\"Büyük Kur'an Tefsiri\"; c: 3, s: 33).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0130mam Ahmed -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu konuda \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Müslümanlar\u0131n çocuklar\u0131n\u0131n cennetlik olduklar\u0131 konusunda hiç \u015füphe edilir mir\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yine, \u0130mam Ahmed -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu konuda \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Müslümanlar\u0131n çocuklar\u0131n\u0131n cennetlik olduklar\u0131 konusunda (âlimler aras\u0131nda) hiçbir görü\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoktur?\" (\u0130bn-i Kayyim'in, \"Sünen-i Ebî Dâvud Hâ\u015fiyesi\"; c: 7, s: 83).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0130mam Nevevî -Allah ona rahmet etsin- de bu konuda \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Sözüne itibar edilen müslüman âlimler, müslümanlar\u0131n çocuklar\u0131ndan her kim küçük ya\u015fta ölmü\u015fse, onun cennetlik oldu\u011fu konusunda ittifak etmi\u015flerdir.Çünkü o çocuk dînen mükellef (sorumlu) de\u011fildir.\" (Nevevî; \"Sahih-i Müslim \u015eerhi\"; c: 16, s: 207).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Kurtubî -Allah ona rahmet etsin- de bu konuda \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Müslümanlar\u0131n çocuklar\u0131n\u0131n cennetlik olduklar\u0131n\u0131 söylemek, âlimlerin ço\u011funlu\u011funun görü\u015füdür.\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Baz\u0131 âlimler, müslümanlar\u0131n çocuklar\u0131n\u0131n cennetlik olduklar\u0131 konusunda görü\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu inkâr etmi\u015flerdir.\" (Kurtubî; \"et-Tezkira\"; c: 2, s: 328).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0130kincisi: Bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen kâfirlerin çocuklar\u0131n\u0131n varaca\u011f\u0131 yere gelince, islâm âlimleri bu konuda \u015fu görü\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na varm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

1. Bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen kâfirlerin çocuklar\u0131n\u0131n hepsi cennettedirler.Baz\u0131 âlimler ise onlar\u0131n A'raf üzerinde olacaklar\u0131n\u0131 söylemektedirler.Bu sözün asl\u0131, onlar cennettedirler. Çünkü A'râf ehlinin hâli budur. Bu, ilim ehlinin ço\u011funlu\u011funun görü\u015füdür. Nitekim \u0130bn-i Abdil-Ber -Allah ona rahmet etsin- \"et-Temhîd\", c: 18, s: 96'da onlardan böyle nakletmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu görü\u015fte olanlar\u0131n delilleri (dayanaklar\u0131):<\/span><\/p>\r\n

a). Semura b. Cundub'un -Allah ondan râz\u0131 olsun- rivâyet etti\u011fi hadistir. Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-, \u0130brahim -aleyhisselâm-'\u0131n yan\u0131nda (bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen) müslümanlar\u0131n çocuklar\u0131 ile mü\u015friklerin çocuklar\u0131n\u0131 birlikte görmü\u015ftür. (Bkz: Buhârî; hadis no: 6640).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

b). Sarîm o\u011fullar\u0131 kabilesinden Muâviye'nin k\u0131z\u0131 Hasnâ'dan rivâyet olundu\u011funa göre, o \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

((\u062d\u064e\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062b\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0645\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e: \u0642\u064f\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0651\u0650 ^ \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u062c\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0629\u0650\u061f \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u062c\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0629\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650\u064a\u062f\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u062c\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0629\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u062c\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0629\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0626\u0650\u064a\u062f\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u062c\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0629\u0650 )) [ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Amcam (Eslem b. Selîm) bana anlatt\u0131. Dedi ki:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

- Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'e: Kimler cennettedir? diye sordum.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- buyurdu ki:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

-Peygamber cennettedir. \u015eehit cennettedir. Yeni do\u011fan çocuk cennetedir. Diri diri topra\u011fa gömülen çocuk cennettedir.\" (\u0130mam Ahmed Müsnedi; c. 5, s: 409. Ancak Elbânî, \"Daîfu'l-Câmi'\"de hadisin zay\u0131f oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir. Hadis no: 5997).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

2. Bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen kâfirlerin çocuklar\u0131, babalar\u0131 ile birlikte cehennemde-dirler. Kad\u0131 Ebu Ya'lâ, bu sözün \u0130mam Ahmed'e âit oldu\u011funu söylemi\u015ftir. Ancak \u015eeyhul-\u0130slâm \u0130bn-i Teymiyye,Ebu Ya'lâ'n\u0131n, bu sözü \u0130mam Ahmed'e nisbet etmekle büyük hata etti\u011fini söylemi\u015ftir. (Bkz: \u0130bn-i Kayyim; \"Sünen-i Ebî Dâvud Hâ\u015fiyesi\"; c: 7, s: 87).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu görü\u015fte olanlar\u0131n delilleri (dayanaklar\u0131):<\/span><\/p>\r\n

a) Seleme b. Kays el-E\u015fcaî'den -Allah ondan râz\u0131 olsun- rivâyet olundu\u011fna göre, o \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0623\u064e\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062e\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e ^  \u0641\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0644\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627: \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 ( \u0645\u064f\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0643\u064e\u0629\u064e) \u0645\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0631\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0641\u064e\u060c \u0648\u064e \u062a\u064e\u0635\u0650\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u062d\u0650\u0645\u064e\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062f\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0623\u064f\u062e\u0652\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0644\u064e\u0640\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0644\u064f\u063a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u062d\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062b\u064e. \u0641\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e: \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0621\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u060c \u0625\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0625\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064e \u0641\u064e\u062a\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e. )) [ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Ben ve karde\u015fim, Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'e gelerek:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

- (Ey Allah'\u0131n elçisi!) Annemiz (Müleyke) câhiliye döneminde öldü.Annemiz misafirine ikramda bulunur, yak\u0131n akrabalar\u0131 ziyâret eder ve onlara iyilikte bulurdu. (Bu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 iyilikler kendisine bir fayda verir mi?) Fakat câhiliye döneminde henüz bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeyen bir k\u0131z karde\u015fimiz vard\u0131 onu diri diri topra\u011fa gömmü\u015ftü.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bunun üzerine Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- \u015föyle buyurdu:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

- K\u0131z çocu\u011funu diri diri topra\u011fa gömen kad\u0131n ile ve diri diri topra\u011fa verilen k\u0131z çocu\u011fu ate\u015ftedir.Ancak k\u0131z çocu\u011funu diri diri topra\u011fa gömen kad\u0131n \u0130slâm'a kavu\u015fmu\u015f ve müslüman olmu\u015fsa, o bundan müstesnâd\u0131r.\" (\u0130mam Ahmed rivâyet etmi\u015f, \u0130bn-i Kesîr, tefsirinde (c: 3, s: 33) hadisin hasen oldu\u011funu belirmi\u015ftir. Ondan önce de \u0130bn-i Abdil-Ber (\"et-Temhîd\"; c: 18, s: 120)'de hasen oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

b). Bu görü\u015fte olanlar\u0131n dayand\u0131klar\u0131 ba\u015fka hadisler de vard\u0131r. Fakat o hadisler zay\u0131ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

3. Bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen kâfirlerin çocuklar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda susar ve onlar hakk\u0131nda herhangi bir hüküm vermeyiz. Hammâd b. Seleme, Abdullah b. Mübârek ve \u0130shak b. Râheveyh bu görü\u015ftedirler.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu görü\u015fte olanlar\u0131n delilleri (dayanaklar\u0131):<\/span><\/p>\r\n

a). Abdullah b. Abbas'tan -Allah ondan ve babas\u0131ndan râz\u0131 olsun-  rivâyet olundu\u011funa göre, o \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0633\u064f\u0626\u0650\u0644\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0650 ^ \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0634\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0643\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0630\u0652 \u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e.)) [ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

   \"Rasûlullah -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'e (küçük ya\u015fta ölen) mü\u015friklerin çocuklar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda soruldu\u011funda \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

- Allah Teâlâ onlar\u0131 yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, onlar büyüyünceye kadar ya\u015fay\u0131p kalm\u0131\u015f olsalar, Allah Teâlâ onlar\u0131n ne yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi bilir.\" (Buhârî; hadis no: 1383. Müslim; hadis no: 2660).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

b). Yukar\u0131daki hadisin bir benzeri de Ebu Hureyre'nin -Allah ondan râz\u0131 olsun-  rivâyet etti\u011fi hadistir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nitekim Ebu Hureyre'den -Allah ondan ve babas\u0131ndan râz\u0131 olsun- rivâyet olundu\u011funa göre, o \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 (( \u0633\u064f\u0626\u0650\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064f ^ \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0634\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0643\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e. )) [ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'e (küçük ya\u015fta ölen) mü\u015friklerin çocuklar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda soruldu\u011funda o \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

- (Onlar büyüyünceye kadar ya\u015fay\u0131p kalm\u0131\u015f olsalar), Allah Teâlâ onlar\u0131n ne yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi bilir.\" (Buhârî; hadis no: 1384. Müslim; hadis no: 2659).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

4. Bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen kâfirlerin çocuklar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda baz\u0131 âlimler: Onlar cennet ehlinin hizmetçileridir, demi\u015flerdir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u015eeyhul-\u0130slâm \u0130bn-i Teymiyye -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu görü\u015f hakk\u0131nda \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Bu sözün asl\u0131 yoktur.\" (\"Mecmuû'l-Fetâvâ\"; c: 4, s: 279).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ben derim ki: Bu konuda Taberânî ve Bezzâr'dan rivâyet olunan bir hadis gelmi\u015ftir. Fakat hadis âlimleri, bu hadisi zay\u0131f olarak de\u011ferlendirmi\u015flerdir. Bu âlimlerden birisi de Hâf\u0131z \u0130bn-i Hacer'dir.(BKz: \"Fethu'l-Bârî\"; c: 3, s: 246).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

5. Bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen kâfirlerin çocuklar\u0131 k\u0131yâmet günü imtihan olunurlar. Onlardan Allah Teâlâ itaat eden, cennete girecek, kar\u015f\u0131 gelen ise cehenneme girecektir. Bu, ehl-i sünnet ve'l-cemaat âlimlerinin büyük bir ço\u011funlu\u011funun görü\u015füdür.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nitekim bunu onlardan Ebu'l-Hasan el-E\u015f'arî nakletmi\u015ftir. Bu ayn\u0131 zamanda Beyhakî ve baz\u0131 müctehid âlimlerin görü\u015füdür.\u015eeyhul-\u0130slâm \u0130bn-i Teymiyye de bu görü\u015fe meyletmi\u015f ve \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Bu, \u0130mam Ahmed'in bu konudaki sözlerinin gere\u011fidir.\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Hâf\u0131z \u0130bn-i Kesîr de bu görü\u015fü daha tercihli bulmu\u015f ve \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Bu görü\u015f, bütün delileri biraraya getirmektedir. Nitekim bu konuda geçen ve birbirini destekleyip ba\u015fka yollardan gelen hadisler, bunu aç\u0131kça göstermi\u015ftir.\" (Bkz: \u0130bn-i Kesîr Tefsiri; c: 3, s: 31).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu görü\u015fte olanlar\u0131n delilleri (dayanaklar\u0131):<\/span><\/p>\r\n

a). Enes b. Mâlik'ten -Allah ondan râz\u0131 olsun-  rivâyet olundu\u011funa göre, Rasûlullah -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 (( \u064a\u064f\u0624\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0649 \u0628\u0650\u0623\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0629\u064d \u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064e\u0629\u0650: \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0648\u062f\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0647\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0645\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064e \u0641\u064a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0641\u064e\u062a\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0629\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062e\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a\u060c \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064f \u0628\u0650\u062d\u064f\u062c\u0651\u064e\u062a\u0650\u0647\u0650\u060c \u0641\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064f \u062a\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0648\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0644\u0650\u0639\u064f\u0646\u064f\u0642\u064d \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650: \u0627\u064f\u0628\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0632\u0652\u060c \u0641\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f \u0644\u064e\u0640\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652: \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0639\u064e\u062b\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0639\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u064a \u0631\u064f\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0641\u064f\u0633\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0631\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f \u0646\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0633\u0650\u064a \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652\u060c \u0627\u064f\u062f\u0652\u062e\u064f\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u064e\u0630\u0650\u0647\u0650 [\u0623\u064e\u064a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e]\u060c \u0641\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0650\u0628\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064f: \u064a\u064e\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650! \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0646\u064e\u062f\u0652\u062e\u064f\u0644\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0651\u064f\u061f \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e: \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0650\u0628\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0627\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064f \u064a\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0636\u0650\u064a \u0641\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0642\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062d\u0650\u0645\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0641\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f \u062a\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0648\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649: \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0644\u0650\u0631\u064f\u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u0634\u064e\u062f\u0651\u064f \u062a\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0635\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0641\u064e\u064a\u064e\u062f\u0652\u062e\u064f\u0644\u064f \u0647\u064e\u0624\u064f\u0644\u0627\u064e\u0621\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0640\u062c\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064e\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0624\u064f\u0644\u0627\u064e\u0621\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e )). [ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"K\u0131yâmet günü dört ki\u015fi (Allah'\u0131n huzuruna) getirilir. (Bunlar): Yeni do\u011fan çocuk, deli (akl\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015f) kimse, fetret döneminde (iki peygamber aras\u0131ndaki dönemde kalan ve kendisine bir peygamber veya uyar\u0131c\u0131 gönderilmeden) ölen kimse ve çok ya\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 için bunayan kimse. Hepsi de tek tek mazeretini (gerekçesini) anlat\u0131r. Rab Tebâreke ve Teâlâ cehennemde azap çekmekte olan bu kimselere: Ortaya ç\u0131k\u0131n, diye emreder. Ard\u0131ndan onlara \u015föyle buyurur: Ben (dünyada iken) kullar\u0131ma, kendilerinden olan kimseleri elçiler (peygamberler) olarak gönderirdim ve \u015fimdi ben, size gönderilen kendimin elçisiyim. (ben \u015fimdi sizinle arac\u0131s\u0131z olarak konu\u015fuyorum.) Haydi bu ate\u015fe girin, der. Bunun üzerine hakk\u0131nda \u015fekâvet (cehennem) ehlinden olmas\u0131 yaz\u0131lan (takdir edilen) kimse:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

- Ey Rabbim! Biz, dünyada o ate\u015ften kaçarken \u015fimdi nas\u0131l ona gireriz? dedi.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- buyurdu ki:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Hakk\u0131nda saadet (cennet) ehlinden olmas\u0131 yaz\u0131lan (takdir edilen) kimse, devam edecek ve h\u0131zla o ate\u015fe girer.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- buyurdu ki:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

- Bunun üzerine Allah Tebâreke ve Teâlâ \u015föyle buyurur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

- Siz, elçilerimi (peygamberlerimi) yalanlama ve onlara kar\u015f\u0131 gelme konusunda (dünyada yalanlayan ve onlara kar\u015f\u0131 gelenlerden) daha \u015fiddetlisiniz.Bunlar (Allah Teâlâ'ya itaat edip kendilerini h\u0131zla cehenneme atanlar) cennete girerler, \u015funlar (Allah Teâlâ kar\u015f\u0131 gelerek kendilerini cehenneme atmayanlar) da cehenneme girerler.\" (Ebu Ya'lâ; hadis no: 4224. Elbânî; \"Silsiletu'l-Ehâdîsi's-Sahîha\"; c: 5, s: 603, hadis no: 2468)  <\/span><\/p>\r\n

 Hâf\u0131z \u0130bn-i Kesîr -Allah ona rahmet etsin hadis, ba\u015fka anlamda birçok \u015fekilde rivâyet olundu\u011funu zikretmi\u015ftir. (Bkz: \u0130bn-i Kesîr Tefsiri; c: 3, s: 29-31)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0130bn-i Kayyim -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu konuda \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Bu,görü\u015flerin en adâletlisi ve olup delilleri biraraya getirmekte ve hadisler birbiriyle bu bölümde ittifak etmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Buna göre, bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen kâfirlerin çocuklar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 -Semura b. Cundub'un hadisinde oldu\u011fu gibi- cennette olacak, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da -Âi\u015fe'nin hadisinde oldu\u011fu gibi- cehennemde olacakt\u0131r. Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in cevab\u0131 buna delil te\u015fkil etmektedir. Çünkü Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 (( \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0630\u0652 \u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e.)) [ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

   \"Allah Teâlâ onlar\u0131 yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, onlar büyüyünceye kadar ya\u015fay\u0131p kalm\u0131\u015f olsalar, Allah Teâlâ onlar\u0131n ne yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi bilir.\" (Buhârî; hadis no: 1383. Müslim; hadis no: 2660).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bilindi\u011fi gibi, Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n onlar hakk\u0131ndaki ezelî ilmi vuku bulmad\u0131kça, bu ilmi sebebiyle onlara azap etmez.O, vuku bulan ilmine göre ancak azab\u0131 hak edene azap eder.Bu ilmin vuku bulmas\u0131, âhiret yurdunda ortaya ç\u0131kacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

((\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e. )) [ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"(Onlar büyüyünceye kadar ya\u015fay\u0131p kalm\u0131\u015f olsalar), Allah Teâlâ onlar\u0131n ne yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi bilir.\" (Buhârî; hadis no: 1384. Müslim; hadis no: 2659).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sözü, \u015fayet onlar ya\u015fasalard\u0131, yapacak olduklar\u0131 amelleri bildi\u011fine ve imtihan vaktinde kendisine itaat edenin, \u015fayet dünyada ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131 kendisine itaat eden kimselerden olaca\u011f\u0131na ve imtihan vaktinde kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 gelenin, \u015fayet dünyada ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131, kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 gelen kimselerden olaca\u011f\u0131na i\u015fâret etmektedir. Bu ise, Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n, vuku bulmayan, fakat vuku bulsayd\u0131 nas\u0131l olaca\u011f\u0131 konusundaki ilmi ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funa delildir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yine de en do\u011frusunu Allah Teâlâ bilir.\" (Bkz: \u0130bn-i Kayyim; \"Sünen-i Ebî Dâvud Hâ\u015fiyesi\"; c: 7, s: 87).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen kâfirlerin çocuklar\u0131n\u0131n cennette veya cehennemde olduklar\u0131 konusunda yukar\u0131da geçen baz\u0131 hadisler, tercih etti\u011fimiz görü\u015fe ters dü\u015fmez ve bu durum karma\u015f\u0131k olmaz.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nitekim \u0130bn-i Kesîr -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu konuda \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"\u0130mtihan ile ilgili olan hadisler, ondan daha hususidir. Bu sebeple Allah Teâlâ, (ezelî ilmiyle k\u0131yâmet günü imtihanda) kendisine itaat edece\u011fini bildi\u011fi, f\u0131trat üzere üzere ölen çocu\u011fun ruhunu berzahta \u0130brahim -aleyhisselâm- ve müslümanlar\u0131n çocuklar\u0131 ile birlikte k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Allah Teâlâ, (ezelî ilmiyle k\u0131yâmet günü imtihanda) emrine icâbet etmeyece\u011fini bildi\u011fi, çocu\u011fu da cehennemde k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitekim imtihan hadisleri buna delâlet etmi\u015ftir. Ebu'l-Hasen el-E\u015f'arî bunu ehl-i sünnetten nakletmi\u015ftir.\" (Bkz: \u0130bn-i Kesîr Tefsiri; c:3, s:33).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

((\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e. )) [ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"(Onlar büyüyünceye kadar ya\u015fay\u0131p kalm\u0131\u015f olsalard\u0131), Allah Teâlâ onlar\u0131n ne yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi bilir.\" (Buhârî; hadis no: 1384. Müslim; hadis no: 2659).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sözü, bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen kâfirlerin çocuklar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda herhangi bir hüküm vermemeye delâlet etmez.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nitekim \u0130bn-i Kayyim -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu konuda \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Bulu\u011f ça\u011f\u0131na ermeden ölen kâfirlerin çocuklar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda herhangi bir hüküm vermek-ten geri dururuz diyen kesimin delil olarak gösterdi\u011fi hadisin dikkatle incelenmesi gerekir. Çünkü Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- onlar hakk\u0131nda bir hüküm vermekten geri durma konusunda cevap vermemi\u015ftir. O,  \u015fayet dünyada ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olsalard\u0131, onlar\u0131n ilmini Allah Teâlâ'ya havâle etmi\u015ftir.\u0130\u015fte bu, onlar\u0131n: amel i\u015flemedikleri halde k\u0131yâmet günü babalar\u0131yla nas\u0131l birlikte olurlar? Diye sorduklar\u0131 sorular\u0131na cevapt\u0131r.Bu hadisin bir k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r. Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- bu konudaki ilmi, Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n ilmine havâle etmi\u015f, fakat nerede ikâmet edecekleri veya nerede olacaklar\u0131n\u0131 Allah daha iyi bilir, dememi\u015ftir. Delil, bu tâifenin mezhebine uygun de\u011fildir. (Bkz: \u0130bn-i Kayyim; \"Sünen-i Ebî Dâvud Hâ\u015fiyesi\"; c: 7, s: 85).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yine de en iyisini Allah Teâlâ bilir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Muhammed b. Salih el-Muneccid<\/span><\/div>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","status":1,"created_at":"2015-05-22T06:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2015-05-22T06:00:00.000000Z","language_id":26,"fatawacate_id":9,"parent_id":1307,"author_id":"","books":[],"articles":[],"videos":[],"audios":[],"author_name":"","category_name":"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631","category_slug":"","get_date":"2015-05-22"},"translations":[],"fatawa_books":[],"fatawa_articles":[],"fatawa_videos":[],"fatawa_audios":[],"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/tur\/api\/fatawas\/1310"}