{"fatawa":{"id":1778,"title":"KAZA VE KADER KONUSUNDA EHL-\u0130 S\u00dcNNET \u0130NANCININ \u00d6ZET\u0130","slug":"kaza-ve-kader-konusunda-ehl-i-suennet-inancinin-oezeti","order":"","question":"\u0130sl\u00e2m'\u0131n, kaza ve kadere bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bana a\u00e7\u0131klayabilir misiniz? Bu konuda benim nelere inanmam gerekir?","answer":"
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Hamd, yaln\u0131zca Allah'ad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0130slâm'\u0131n, kaza ve kadere bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 anlatmaya çal\u0131\u015f\u0131rsak, konu biraz uzayabilir. Bu konuda faydal\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dü\u015fünerek önemli noktalar\u0131 k\u0131saca anlatmaya çal\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z, gerekli yerlerde ise, mümkün oldu\u011funca baz\u0131 aç\u0131klamalar yapaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Allah Teâlâ'dan faydal\u0131 k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve kabul etmesini dileyerek deriz ki:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

K\u0131ymetli karde\u015fim!<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bilmelisin ki -Allah Teâlâ hay\u0131rl\u0131 i\u015flerde seni muvaffak k\u0131ls\u0131n- kazaya îmân\u0131n hakikat\u0131 \u015fudur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu kâinatta meydana gelen her \u015feyin, Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n takdiri ile oldu\u011funu kesin bir \u015fekilde tasdik etmektir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Kadere îmân; îmân esaslar\u0131'n\u0131n alt\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.Kadere îmân etmeyen hiç kimsenin îmân\u0131 olmaz.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nitekim baz\u0131 insanlar\u0131n kaderi inkâr ettikleri haberi, Abdullah b. Ömer'e -Allah ondan ve babas\u0131ndan râz\u0131 olsun- ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda o \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064e\u0626\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0628\u0650\u0631\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0628\u064e\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0621\u064c \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0628\u064f\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064f \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0651\u0650\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a \u064a\u064e\u0640\u062d\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0639\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062f\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f \u0628\u0652\u0646\u064f \u0639\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0644\u0650\u0623\u064e\u062d\u064e\u062f\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0645\u0650\u062b\u0652\u0644\u064e \u0623\u064f\u062d\u064f\u062f\u064d \u0630\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0642\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f \u062d\u064e\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u064a\u064f\u0624\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0631\u0650 ))<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0635\u062d\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a ]  <\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Onlarla (kaderi inkâr edenlerle) kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rsan, benim onlardan uzak oldu\u011fumu, onlar\u0131n da benden uzak olduklar\u0131n\u0131 onlara haber ver.Abdullah b. Ömer'in ad\u0131na yemîn etti\u011fi (Allah)'a yemîn ederim ki, onlardan birisinin Uhud da\u011f\u0131 kadar alt\u0131n\u0131 olsa, sonra da bu alt\u0131nlar\u0131 Allah yolunda harcasa, o kimse kadere îmân etmedikçe, Allah Teâlâ kendisinden bu harcamay\u0131 (infak\u0131) asla kabul etmez.\"<\/em> ( Ebu Dâvud ve Tirmizî rivâyet etmi\u015fler, Elbânî de 'Hadis, sahihtir' demi\u015ftir.)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

K\u0131ymetli karde\u015fim!<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bilmelisin ki kadere îmân\u0131n \u015fu dört mertebesine (derecelerine) îmân etmedikçe, kadere îmân geçerli (sahîh) olmaz.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bunlar:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

1. Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n, ezelden beri, her \u015feyi yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131na toptan ve detayl\u0131 olarak îmân etmektir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla göklerde ve yerdeki zerre miktar\u0131 bile olsa, hiçbir \u015fey O'na gizli-sakl\u0131 kalmaz. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

2. Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n, bütün bunlar\u0131, gökleri ve yeri yaratmadan elli bin y\u0131l önce Levh-i Mahfuz'da yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na (kaydetti\u011fine\/takdir etti\u011fine) îmân etmektir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

3. Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n yerine getirilen bir irâdesi ve \u015fâmil bir kudrete sahip oldu\u011funa îmân etmektir.Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu kâinatta hay\u0131r olsun, \u015fer olsun, hiçbir \u015feyin Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n irâdesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olmaz.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

4. Kâinattaki bütün varl\u0131klar\u0131n, Allah Teâlâ taraf\u0131ndan yarat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131na îmân etmektir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla O, mahlukat\u0131n, onlar\u0131n s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131n ve fiillerinin yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nitekim Allah Teâlâ bu konuda \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0630\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0628\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: \u0661\u0660\u0662]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"\u0130\u015fte Rabbiniz Allah, O'dur.O’ndan ba\u015fka hakk\u0131yla ibâdete lây\u0131k hiçbir ilah yoktur. O, her \u015feyin yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.Öyle ise yaln\u0131zca O’na ibâdet edin (ve O'nun emrine boyun e\u011fin). O, her \u015feyin koruyucusudur.\"<\/em> ( En'am Sûresi: 102 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Kadere îmân\u0131n geçerli olabilmesinin gereklerinden birisi de \u015fu hususlara îmân etmek gerekir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

- Kulun, fiillerinin (davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n) gerçekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi bir irâde ve tercihi\/seçimi vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nitekim Allah Teâlâ bu konuda \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645[ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: \u0662\u0668]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Sizden, do\u011fru yolda (îmân üzere) gitmek isteyenler için (bu bir ö\u011füttür).”<\/em>( Tekvîr Sûresi: 28 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yine, Allah Teâlâ bu konuda \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647\u0627 [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: \u0662\u0668\u0666]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Allah, herkesi ancak gücünün yetti\u011fi kadar\u0131yla sorumlu tutar (gücünün yetmeyece\u011fi bir \u015feyle sorumlu tutmaz).”<\/em> ( Bakara Sûresi: 286 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

- Kulun, irâde ve kudreti, Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n kudreti ve irâdesinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ç\u0131kamaz. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kula bunu (irâde ve kudreti) bah\u015feden ve onun, iyi ile kötüyü birbirinden ay\u0131r etmesini ve ikisinden birisini tercih etmesini\/seçmesini sa\u011flayan, O'dur.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nitekim Allah Teâlâ bu konuda \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646[ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: \u06629]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Âlemlerin Rabbi Allah dilemedikçe de siz dileyemezsiniz (ne do\u011fru yolda gidebilir, ne de  ona gücünüz yeter).”<\/em> ( Tekvîr Sûresi: 29 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

- Kader, Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n kullar\u0131ndaki bir s\u0131rr\u0131d\u0131r. Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n bu konuda bizlere aç\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ö\u011frendik ve ona îmân ettik. Hakk\u0131nda bilmedi\u011fimiz \u015feyi ise, kabul ettik ve ona îmân ettik.Bizler, k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 ak\u0131llar\u0131m\u0131z ve zay\u0131f anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131zla, fiilleri ve hükümlerinde Allah Teâlâ ile çeki\u015fip mücâdele etmeyiz. Hatta Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n tam adâletine ve mükemmel hikmetine îmân ederiz. O, yapt\u0131klar\u0131ndan sorulmaz. O'na hamd ederek O'nu bütün noksanl\u0131kladan tenzih ederiz.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u015feyler, selef-i sâlihin (ilk müslümanlar\u0131n) bu büyük konudaki inanc\u0131n\u0131n bir özetidir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u015eimdi yukar\u0131da geçen baz\u0131 husular\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da detayl\u0131 olarak zikredece\u011fiz. Allah Teâlâ'dan bizlere yard\u0131m etmesini ve bizleri do\u011fru yolda muvaffak k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 O'ndan isteyerek deriz ki:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Birincisi: Kaza ve Kader'in sözlük anlam\u0131<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Kaza'n\u0131n sözlük anlam\u0131:Bir i\u015fi sa\u011flam yapmak ve mükemmel yapmak demektir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Kader'in sözlük anlam\u0131: Takdir etmek demektir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0130kincisi: Kaza ve Kader'in terim anlam\u0131<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Kader'in terim anlam\u0131: Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n i\u015fleri ezelde takdir etmesi, onlar\u0131n kendisi taraf\u0131ndan bilinen vakitlerde ve özel vas\u0131flarda vuku bulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmesi, onlar\u0131 (Levh-i Mahfuz'da) yazmas\u0131, dilemesi\/istemesi, takdir etti\u011fi \u015feye göre onlar\u0131n vuku bulmas\u0131 ve onlar\u0131 yaratmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Üçüncüsü: Kaza ve Kader aras\u0131nda fark var m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Baz\u0131 âlimler, Kaza ve Kader fark var demi\u015ftir. San\u0131r\u0131m do\u011fruya en yak\u0131n olan görü\u015fe göre, anlam olarak Kaza ve Kader aras\u0131nda hiçbir fark yoktur.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Kaza ve Kader terimlerinden biri di\u011ferinin anlam\u0131na delâlet eder.Kur'an ve Sünnet'te ikisi aras\u0131nda fark oldu\u011funu gösteren hiçbir delil yoktur.Âlimler, Kaza ve Kader terimlerin-den birisinin di\u011ferinin yerine kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru\/geçerli oldu\u011fu konusunda ittifak etmi\u015flerdir.Dikkat edilmelidir ki, îmân edilmesi gereken esaslardan olan Kader lafz\u0131, Kur'an ve Sünnet'te daha çok zikredilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yine de en do\u011frusunu Allah Teâlâ bilir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Dördüncüsü: Kadere îmân\u0131n dîndeki yeri<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Kadere îmân; alt\u0131 îmân esas\u0131ndan birisidir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nitekim Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-, Cebrail -aleyhisselâm- îmân hakk\u0131nda kendisine sordu\u011funda ona \u015föyle cevap vermi\u015fti:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0627\u064e\u0644\u0625\u0650\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064e\u0646\u064f: \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0624\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0628\u0627\u0650\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0644\u0627\u064e\u0626\u0650\u0643\u064e\u062a\u0650\u0647\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0643\u064f\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0631\u064f\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0650\u0647\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u0650 \u0627\u0652\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0650\u0631\u0650\u060c \u0648\u064e\u062a\u064f\u0624\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0628\u0627\u0650\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0631\u0650 \u062e\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0647\u0650 )) [ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Îmân; Allah’a, meleklerine, kitaplar\u0131na, peygamberlerine, âhiret gününe, kaderin hay\u0131r ve \u015ferrine îmân etmendir.”<\/em> ( Müslim )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Kader lafz\u0131, Kur'an-\u0131 Kerim'de Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n \u015fu sözlerinde buyurdu\u011fu gibi  gelmi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0625\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0626 \u062e\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: \u0664\u0669]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"\u015eüphesiz ki biz, her \u015feyi bir ölçü (kader) ile yaratt\u0131k.\"<\/em> ( Kamer Sûresi: 49 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627[ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: \u0663\u0668 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Allah’\u0131n, (daha önceki peygamberlere helâl k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi), kendisine helâl k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feyde Peygamber'e herhangi bir günah yoktur.Sizden önce gelip geçen peygamberler hakk\u0131nda da Alah'\u0131n kanunu böyle câri olmu\u015ftur. Allah’\u0131n emri, mutlaka vuku bulacak olan bir kaderdir.\"<\/em> ( Ahzâb Sûresi: 38 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Be\u015fincisi: Kadere îmân\u0131n mertebeleri (dereceleri)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

K\u0131ymetli karde\u015fim!<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bilmelisin ki -Allah Teâlâ, seni r\u0131zâs\u0131na uygun olan i\u015flerde muvaffak k\u0131ls\u0131n- kadere îmân, \u015fu dört mertebeye îmân etmedikçe tamam olmaz.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu mertebeler:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

1. \u0130lim Mertebesi: Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n her \u015feyi ilmi ile ku\u015fatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve göklerde ve yerde bulunan hiçbir \u015feyin, zerre miktar\u0131 da olsa onun ilminden kaçamayaca\u011f\u0131na, O'ndan gizli-sakl\u0131 kalamayaca\u011f\u0131na, Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n mahlukat\u0131 yaratmadan önce onlar\u0131 bildi\u011fine ve ezelî ilmi ile onlar\u0131n ne yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fine îmân etmektir. Bu konuda deliller pek çoktur.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nitekim Allah Teâlâ bu konuda \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0644\u0627 \u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u063a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0628\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0627\u062f\u064e\u0629\u0650 [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629  \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: \u0662\u0662]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"O, O'ndan ba\u015fka hakk\u0131yla ibâdete lây\u0131k hiçbir ilah olmayan Allah't\u0131r. Görünmeyeni ve görüleni bilendir. O, (rahmeti her \u015feyi ku\u015fatan) Rahmân'd\u0131r, Rahîm (kullar\u0131na çok merhametli)'dir.\"<\/em> ( Ha\u015fr Sûresi: 22 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: \u0661\u0662]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Allah, yedi kat gö\u011fü ve yerden de onlar\u0131n benzerini yaratand\u0131r.Allah’\u0131n emri ve hükmü bunlar aras\u0131nda inip durur ki, Allah’\u0131n her \u015feye kâdir oldu\u011funu ve Allah’\u0131n her \u015feyi ilmiyle ku\u015fatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, (O’nun ilmi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hiçbir \u015fey olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131) siz de bilesiniz.\"<\/em> ( Talâk Sûresi: 12 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

2. Kitâbe\/Yazma Mertebesi: Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n, bütün mahlukat\u0131n kaderlerini Levh-i Mahfuz'da yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na îmân etmektir.Bunun delili, Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n \u015fu sözüdür:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0623\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0621\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0636\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064d \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650 \u064a\u064e\u0633\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064c [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: \u0667\u0660 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“(Ey Muhammed!) Allah’\u0131n, gökte ve yerde ne varsa (hepsini) bildi\u011fini bilmez misin? Bu, bir kitapta (Levh-i Mahfûz’da yaz\u0131l\u0131)d\u0131r.Bu (ilme sâhip olmak, kendisini hiçbir \u015feyin âciz b\u0131rakamad\u0131\u011f\u0131) Allah için çok kolayd\u0131r.”<\/em> ( Hacc Sûresi: 70 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- de bu konuda \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0643\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062e\u0640\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0642\u0650 \u0642\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0644\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0642\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0648\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0636\u064e \u0628\u0650\u062e\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0633\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0641\u064e \u0633\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0629\u064d )) [ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Allah, gökleri ve yeri yaratmadan elli bin y\u0131l önce mahlukat\u0131n kaderlerini yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.”<\/em> ( Müslim )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

3. \u0130râde ve Me\u015fiet Mertebesi: Bu kâinatta meydana gelen her \u015feyin, Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n dilemesiyle oldu\u011funa îmân etmektir.Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n diledi\u011fi olur, dilemedi\u011fi ise olmaz.   Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hiçbir \u015fey, O'nun irâdesinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ç\u0131kamaz. Bunun delili, Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n \u015fu sözleridir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0648\u064e\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0644\u0650\u0634\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0621\u064d \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0641\u064e\u0627\u0639\u0650\u0644\u064c \u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u063a\u064e\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647 [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646: \u0662\u0663 – \u0662\u0664 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Allah’\u0131n dilemesine ba\u011flamad\u0131kça (in\u015fâallah demedikçe) hiçbir konuda: 'Ben yar\u0131n mutlaka \u015föyle \u015föyle yapaca\u011f\u0131m' deme! Bunu unuttu\u011fun takdirde (in\u015fâallah diyerek) Allah’\u0131 zikret ve: 'Umar\u0131m ki Rabbim beni, do\u011fruya en yak\u0131n olan bir yola iletir' de.\"<\/em> ( Kehf Sûresi: 23-24 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: \u06629 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Âlemlerin Rabbi Allah dilemedikçe de siz dileyemezsiniz (ne do\u011fru yolda gidebilir, ne de  ona gücünüz yeter).”<\/em> (Tekvîr Sûresi: 29 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

4. Yaratma Mertebesi: Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n her \u015feyin yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funa îmân etmektir. Bunlardan birisi de kullar\u0131n filleridir.Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu kâinatta onun yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feyden ba\u015fkas\u0131  vuku bulmaz.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nitekim Allah Teâlâ bu konuda \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u062e\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0642\u064f \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u0650 \u0634\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0621\u064d [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: \u0666\u0662]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Allah, her \u015feyin yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. O her \u015feye vekîldir.”<\/em> ( Zümer Sûresi: 62 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646 [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: \u0669\u0666]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Allah, sizi de, yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 da yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.”<\/em> ( Sâffât Sûresi: 96 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- de bu konuda \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0635\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0639\u064f \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064e \u0635\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u0639\u064d \u0648\u064e\u0635\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0639\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064f )) [ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062d\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 ]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"\u015eüphesiz ki Allah, her imal eden kimseyi de, onun imal etti\u011fi \u015feyi de yarat\u0131r.\"<\/em>         <\/em> ( Buhârî; \"Kullar\u0131n Fillerinin Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131\"; hadis no: 25 ve \u0130bn-i Ebî Hâtim; \"es-Sünne\"; hadis no: 257 ve 358'de rivâyet etmi\u015fler, Elbânî de \"Silsiletu'l-Ehâdîsi's-Sahîha\"; hadis no: 1637'de hadisin sahih oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

De\u011ferli âlim Abdurrahman b. Nâs\u0131r es-Sa'dî -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu konuda \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Allah Teâlâ, insanlar\u0131 yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, hiç \u015füphe yok ki onlar\u0131n kudret ve irâdeleriyle yapmakta olduklar\u0131n\u0131 da yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Sonra da onlar, itaat ve ma'siyet (günah) gibi çe\u015fitli fiilleri,Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n yaratm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu kudret ve irâdeleriyle yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.\"<\/em> (\"ed-Durratu'l-Behiyye \u015eerhu'l-Kasîdeti't-Tâiyye\"; s: 18 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ak\u0131l ve Mant\u0131k Yürüterek Kader Konular\u0131na Dalmaktan Sak\u0131nmak:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Kadere îmân, Allah Teâlâ'ya gerçek anlamda îmân etmenin bir ölçüsü ve insan\u0131n Rabbini bilmek konusunda kuvvetli bir imtihand\u0131r. Bu bilgiden kaynaklanan Allah Teâlâ'ya kesin ve samimi olarak ve O'nun celal ve kemal s\u0131fatlara sahip olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine îmân etmektir.Bu da \u015funun içindir; çünkü kader onda s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 akl\u0131n\u0131 alabildi\u011fince serbest b\u0131rakan kimse için birçok soru i\u015fâretleri vard\u0131r.Nitekim kader hakk\u0131nda görü\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ço\u011falm\u0131\u015f, insanlar bu konuda tart\u0131\u015fma ve  kader hakk\u0131nda gelen Kur'an âyetlerini te'vil etmede ileri gitmi\u015flerdir.Hatta \u0130slâm dü\u015fmanlar\u0131, her devirde kader hakk\u0131nda konu\u015fmak ve \u015füpheler sokmak sûretiyle müslümanlar\u0131n akidesinde kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar ç\u0131kar\u0131r hale gelmi\u015flerdir.Bunun içindir ki, güzel isimleri ve yüce s\u0131fatlar\u0131 ile Allah Teâlâ'y\u0131 bilen, i\u015fini O'na havâle eden, kalbi mutmain olan ve Rabbi Teâlâ'ya güvenen ve \u015füphelerin kendisinin kalbine girmesine yol bulamayan kimse ancak gerçek îmân ve \u015füphesiz inanç üzere sebât gösterir.Bu, hiç \u015füphe yok ki, di\u011fer îmân rükünleri aras\u0131nda, Allah Teâlâ'ya îmân\u0131n ne kadar önemli oldu\u011funu gösteren ve en büyük delildir.Akl\u0131n, tek ba\u015f\u0131na kaderi idrak etmesi mümkün de\u011fildir.Kader, Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n kullar\u0131ndaki bir s\u0131rr\u0131d\u0131r.Bu sebeple bizler, Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n, Kitab'\u0131nda veya Elçisi Muhammed -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in sünnetinde aç\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ö\u011frendik, tasdik ettik ve ona îmân ettik.Rabbimizin kader hakk\u0131nda sustu\u011fu \u015feye, O'nun noksans\u0131z adâletine, mükemmel hikmetine ve O'nun, yapt\u0131klar\u0131ndan sorulmayaca\u011f\u0131na, fakat yarat\u0131lanlar\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131ndan sorulacaklar\u0131na îmân ettik.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yine de en iyisini Allah Teâlâ bilir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Allah Teâlâ, kulu ve peygamberi Muhammed'e, âile halk\u0131na ve ashâb\u0131na salât ve selâm eylesin, onlar\u0131 mübârek k\u0131ls\u0131n.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu konuda detayl\u0131 bilgi için:Hâf\u0131z el-Hakemî'nin: \"A'lâmu's-Sunneti'l-Men\u015fûra\", s:147; Abdurrahman el-Mahmûd'un: \"el-Kadâu ve'l-Kader fî Dav'i'l-Kitâbi ve's-Sunne\" ve Muhammed el-Hamed'in: \"el-Îmânu bi'l-Kadâi ve'l-Kader\" adl\u0131 eserlerine bakablirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

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