{"fatawa":{"id":2685,"title":"\u0130slam\u2019\u0131 Kabulde Zorlama Yoktur","slug":"islami-kabulde-zorlama-yoktur","order":"","question":"Baz\u0131 arkada\u015flar \u015f\u00f6yle diyorlar: \u0130slam\u2019a girmeyen kimse h\u00fcr say\u0131l\u0131r ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmalar\u0131 i\u00e7inde zorlanmazlar. Bu s\u00f6zlerine delil olarak da Allah Azze ve Celle\u2019nin \u015fu \u00e2yetlerini delil olarak getiriyorlar: \u00abSen, insanlar\u0131 m\u00fc'min oluncaya kadar zorlay\u0131p duracak m\u0131s\u0131n?\u00bb (Yunus: 99) \u00abD\u00eende zorlama yoktur.\u00bb (Bakara: 256) Bu konudaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcz nedir?","answer":"
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Hamd, Allah’a mahsustur.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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Bu iki âyeti Kerime ve onun manas\u0131ndaki di\u011fer âyetler hakk\u0131nda bunun mecusi, h\u0131ristiyan ve yahudi gibi cizye al\u0131nanlar hakk\u0131nda oldu\u011funu âlimler aç\u0131klam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Onlar, \u0130slam’a girmeleri için zorlanmazlar. Bilakis, \u0130slam’\u0131 kabul etmeleri ya da cizye vermeleri aras\u0131nda muhayyer b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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\u0130lim ehlinden di\u011fer baz\u0131 âlimlerde \u015föyle dediler: Bu, \u0130slam’\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda idi. Sonra da bu, Allah Azze ve Celle’nin sava\u015f ve cihad emriyle neshedilmi\u015ftir. Her kim \u0130slam’a girmekten kaç\u0131n\u0131r, kabul etmezse, \u0130slam’a girene veya cizye verene kadar \u015fayet Müslümanlarda güç-kuvvet var ise onlarla cihad etmek farzd\u0131r. Burada gerekli olan, \u015fayet onlardan cizye al\u0131nmaz ise, kâfirlerin \u0130slam’a girmelerini zorunlu tutmad\u0131r. Çünkü onlar\u0131n \u0130slam’a girip Müslüman olmalar\u0131nda onlar\u0131n dünya ve âhirette kurtulu\u015flar\u0131 ve saadetleri vard\u0131r. Bir insan\u0131, içinde hüda ve saadetin oldu\u011fu hakka zorunlu tutma, onun için bat\u0131ldan daha hay\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. T\u0131pk\u0131 bir insan\u0131n Âdemo\u011flunun üzerine oldu\u011fu hak davay\u0131, velev ki hapse bile at\u0131lsa, dövülse de o hakk\u0131 b\u0131rakmamas\u0131 gibi. Bunun içindir ki kâfirleri, Allah’\u0131n Tevhidi’ne ve \u0130slam Dini’ne girmelerini zorunlu tutma daha evla ve daha gereklidir. Çünkü onda, onlar\u0131n dünya ve âhirette mutluluklar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ancak onlar, mecusi, h\u0131ristiyan ve yahudiler gibi Kitap Ehli’nden olurlarsa bu hüküm geçerlidir. Bu üç gurubun \u0130slam’a girme veya cizye vermede seçme hakk\u0131na sahip olduklar\u0131na dair Kurân ve sünnette nas gelmi\u015ftir. Ya onlar \u0130slam’a girerler ya da horlanm\u0131\u015f olarak cizye verirler.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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Baz\u0131 ilim ehli, \u0130slam ve cizye verme aras\u0131nda seçme hakk\u0131na sahip olma konusunda ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131 da bu guruba dâhil etmi\u015flerdir. Tercih edilen ise, bu üç guruptan ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n bu kategoriye girmeyece\u011fidir. Sadece bu üç gurup \u0130slam’\u0131 seçme ya da cizye vermede seçme hakk\u0131na sahiptirler. Çünkü Allah Rasûlü sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem Arap yar\u0131madas\u0131nda kâfirlerle sava\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Allah Azze ve Celle \u015föyle buyurdu:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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     ( \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0644\u0627\u0629\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0622\u062a\u064e\u0648\u064f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0629\u064e \u0641\u064e\u062e\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e \u063a\u064e\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064c \u0631\u064e\u062d\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064c ) – \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \/ 5<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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«Fakat tövbe ederler, namaz\u0131 dosdo\u011fru k\u0131larlar ve zekât\u0131 da verirlerse, art\u0131k yollar\u0131n\u0131 serbest b\u0131rak\u0131n. Allah, \u015füphesiz, çok ba\u011f\u0131\u015flay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r; çok merhametlidir.» <\/em>(Tevbe: 5)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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Allah Azze ve Celle burada «veya cizye verirlerse» dememi\u015ftir. Yahudi, h\u0131ristiyan ve mecusilerden \u0130slam’a girmeleri istenir. \u015eayet onlar \u0130slam’a girmekten kaç\u0131n\u0131rlarsa cizye verirler. \u015eayet onlar ne \u0130slam’a girmeyi ne de cizye vermeyi kabul etmezler ise, \u015fayet Müslümanlar\u0131n güçleri yetiyorsa onlarla sava\u015fmalar\u0131 üzerlerine vâcib olur.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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Allah Azze ve Celle \u015föyle buyurdu:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

( \u0642\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0624\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0650\u0631\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u062d\u064e\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u062f\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0642\u0651\u0650 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e \u062d\u064e\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0632\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062f\u064d \u0648\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0635\u064e\u0627\u063a\u0650\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e ) - \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \/ 29     <\/span><\/p>\r\n

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«Kendilerine kitap verilenlerden Allah'a ve âhiret gününe îman etmeyenlerle, Allah'\u0131n ve Rasûlü’nün haram k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 haram saymayanlarla ve hak dîni dîn edinmeyenlerle, boyun e\u011fip kendi elleriyle cizye vermedikçe sava\u015f\u0131n.»<\/em> (Tevbe: 29)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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Allah Rasûlü sallallahu aleyhi ve sellemin mecusilerden cizye ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sabit olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ne Allah Rasûlü sallallahu aleyhi ve sellemden ne de O’nun ashab\u0131ndan -Allah onlardan raz\u0131 olsun- zikredilen bu üç taife d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda cizye ald\u0131klar\u0131 sabit olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunda as\u0131l olan Allah Azze ve Celle’nin \u015fu kavlidir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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( \u0648\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u062d\u064e\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0641\u0650\u062a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0629\u064c \u0648\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064f \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650 ) - \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0644 \/ 39<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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«Fitne kalmay\u0131ncaya ve dîn, tamamen Allah'a âit oluncaya kadar onlarla sava\u015f\u0131n.»<\/em> (Enfâl: 39)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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Allah Azze ve Celle \u015föyle buyurdu:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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( \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062e\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0631\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064f\u0631\u064f\u0645\u064f \u0641\u064e\u0627\u0642\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0634\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0643\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u062d\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062b\u064f \u0648\u064e\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u062e\u064f\u0630\u064f\u0648\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0652\u0635\u064f\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0642\u0652\u0639\u064f\u062f\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0635\u064e\u062f\u064d \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0644\u0627\u0629\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0622\u062a\u064e\u0648\u064f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0629\u064e \u0641\u064e\u062e\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e \u063a\u064e\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064c \u0631\u064e\u062d\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064c ) - \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \/ 5  <\/span><\/p>\r\n

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«Haram aylar ç\u0131k\u0131nca, mü\u015frikleri buldu\u011funuz yerde öldürün; onlar\u0131 tutun; hapsedin; bütün gözetleme yerlerinde onlar\u0131 gözetlemek için oturun. Fakat tövbe ederler, namaz\u0131 dosdo\u011fru k\u0131larlar ve zekât\u0131 da verirlerse, art\u0131k yollar\u0131n\u0131 serbest b\u0131rak\u0131n. Allah, \u015füphesiz, çok ba\u011f\u0131\u015flay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r; çok merhametlidir.»<\/em> (Tevbe: 5)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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Bu âyet, “Âyetus-Seyf” (k\u0131l\u0131ç âyeti) olarak isimlendirilir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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Bu ve benzeri âyetler, \u0130slam’da zorlama olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 söyleyen âyetleri nesheder.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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Ba\u015far\u0131 Allah’tand\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Mecmû’u Fetâvâ ve Makâlât \u015eeyh \u0130bni Bâz: 6\/219<\/span><\/div>\r\n

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