{"fatawa":{"id":5267,"title":"\u201cES-S\u00c2B\u0130R\u00ceNE VE\u2019S-S\u00c2DIK\u00ceNE VE\u2019L-K\u00c2N\u0130T\u00ceNE VE\u2019L-M\u00dcNF\u0130K\u00ceNE VE\u2019L-M\u00dcSTA\u011eF\u0130R\u00ceNE B\u0130\u2019L-ESHAR\u201d \u00c2YET\u0130\u2019N\u0130N TEFS\u0130R\u0130","slug":"es-sabirine-ves-sadikine-vel-kanitine-vel-muenfikine-vel-muestagfirine-bil-eshar-ayetinin-tefsiri","order":"","question":"\u00c2l-i \u0130mran S\u00fbresinin 16. \u00e2yeti ve ondan bir sonraki \u00e2yeti:\r\n((\u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0627\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0630\u064f\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0628\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0642\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650{16} \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u062a\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650{17})) [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646: 16-17]\r\n \"Onlar:Rabbimiz! Biz \u00eem\u00e2n ettik. Bizim g\u00fcnahlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015fla. Bizi cehennem azab\u0131ndan koru, diyenler, sabredenler, do\u011fru olanlar, huzurunda g\u00f6n\u00fclden boyun b\u00fck\u00fcp divan duranlar, Allah yolunda harcayanlar ve seherlerde (Allah\u2019tan) ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma dileyenlerdir.\" (\u00c2l-i \u0130mran S\u00fbresi:16-17).\r\nSizden, bu iki \u00e2yetin tefsirini ve ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131:\r\n((\u0642\u064f\u0644\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0624\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0626\u064f\u0643\u064f\u0645 \u0628\u0650\u062e\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0651\u0650\u0646 \u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652...)) [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 15]\r\n\"De ki: Size, onlardan daha hay\u0131rl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 haber vereyim mi? (\u00c2l-i \u0130mran S\u00fbresi:15).\r\n \u015eeklindeki 15. \u00e2yetin tefsirini ve mana b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc... Rica ediyorum. (Ger\u00e7ekten de s\u0131ralama); sab\u0131r, sadakat, kunut, Allah yolunda infak, sonra da (tevbe) isti\u011ffar \u015feklinde midir, yoksa nas\u0131ld\u0131r?","answer":"
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Hamd, yaln\u0131zca Allah'ad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Birinci olarak: Ba\u011flam:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu âyetler, dünyal\u0131k ihtiraslar ile, âhiret nimetlerinin mukayesesi ba\u011flam\u0131nda gelmi\u015ftir. Allah Teâlâ, dünya varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve orada insanlara sunulan zevkleri zikrettikten sonra, âhiretin nimetlerini zikir yoluna gitmi\u015ftir. Gerçek nimet ve ebedi mutluluk da i\u015fte budur. Allah -azze ve celle-, bu ba\u011flama bu te\u015fvik edici istifham üslubu ile ba\u015flayarak \u015föyle buyurmaktad\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 (( \u0642\u064f\u0644\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0624\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0626\u064f\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0628\u0650\u062e\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0627\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0627 \u0639\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062f\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u062c\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064c \u062a\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0631\u0650\u064a \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u062d\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064f \u062e\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0632\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0627\u062c\u064c \u0645\u064f\u0637\u064e\u0647\u0651\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0629\u064c \u0648\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0636\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064c \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0628\u064e\u0635\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064c \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650 . \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0622\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0627\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0630\u064f\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0628\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0642\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650 . \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u062a\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650)).[ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a:15-17]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"De ki:Size, onlardan daha hay\u0131rl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 haber vereyim mi? Allah’a kar\u015f\u0131 gelmekten sak\u0131nanlar için Rableri kat\u0131nda, içinden \u0131rmaklar akan, içinde ebedî kalacaklar\u0131 cennetler, tertemiz e\u015fler ve Allah’\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131 vard\u0131r.Allah, kullar\u0131n\u0131 hakk\u0131yla görendir. Onlar: Rabbimiz, biz îmân ettik. Bizim günahlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015fla. Bizi ate\u015f azab\u0131ndan koru, diyenler, sabredenler, do\u011fru olanlar, huzurunda gönülden boyun büküp divan duranlar, Allah yolunda harcayanlar ve seherlerde (Allah’tan) ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma dileyenlerdir.\" (Âl-i \u0130mran Sûresi:15-17).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Âhiret nimetleri, her türlü zahmet ve s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131dan beridir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Örne\u011fin dünyada,  (bir nimet olarak) kad\u0131nlar ve evlatlar (var) iken, âhirette (buna denk), dünyadaki benzerlerinden her bak\u0131mdan farkl\u0131 olan “tertemiz e\u015fler”dir.Bu nitelemede dünyal\u0131k zevkler ve ihtiraslar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda (âhiret nimetlerinin) gerçek bir kalite fark\u0131 görülmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bütün bunlardan daha da yüce olan\u0131 ise,  ( \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 ) (Allah’\u0131n ho\u015fnutlu\u011fu)’dur ki, dünya hayat\u0131na da, âhiret hayat\u0131na da bedeldir. Bu, (Allah’\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131, sevgisi ve lütfu’nün onlar\u0131 sarmas\u0131 ve bundan sonra asla bir zorlukla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmamalar\u0131) cennet ehlinin kavu\u015faca\u011f\u0131 nimetlerin en yüce olan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sonra, Allah Teââ; bu büyük nimeti hak eden kullar\u0131n\u0131n gerçek vas\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131 (ki Allah Sübhanehu ve Teâlâ onlar\u0131n her \u015feyinden haberdard\u0131r) aç\u0131klamaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

O \u015föyle demektedir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0622\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0627\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0630\u064f\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0628\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0642\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650 )) [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 16]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

  \"Onlar:Rabbimiz! Biz îmân ettik. Bizim günahlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015fla. Bizi cehennem azab\u0131ndan koru, diyenlerdir.\" (Âl-i \u0130mrân Sûresi: 16)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Onlar\u0131n bu sözlerinden maksat, sözün bizzat kendisi de\u011fil, müminlerin hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 ku\u015fatan Allah -azze ve celle-’ye olan tam bir ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131kla ba\u011flan\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve îmânlar\u0131n\u0131n bir tezahürü, Allah kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda günahlar\u0131n\u0131 affettirecek ve bu müminler için en büyük temenni olan cehennem azab\u0131ndan koruyacak tam bir teslimiyet ifade ediyor olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

          \u0130bn’ül-Kayyim -Allah ona rahmet etsin- der ki:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Allah Teâlâ bütün bunlar\u0131n dünya hayat\u0131na âit (geçici) zevkler oldu\u011funu belirttikten sonra, kullar\u0131n\u0131 ahiretin nimetlerinin daha hay\u0131rl\u0131 ve daha kal\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011funu bildirerek ona te\u015fvik etmektedir.  Âyeti Kerimesinde \u015föyle buyurur: <\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0642\u064f\u0644\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0624\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0626\u064f\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0628\u0650\u062e\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0627\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0627 \u0639\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062f\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u062c\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064c \u062a\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0631\u0650\u064a \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u062d\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064f \u062e\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0632\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0627\u062c\u064c \u0645\u064f\u0637\u064e\u0647\u0651\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0629\u064c \u0648\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0636\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064c \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0628\u064e\u0635\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064c \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650 )).[ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629:15]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"De ki:Size, onlardan daha hay\u0131rl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 haber vereyim mi? Allah’a kar\u015f\u0131 gelmekten sak\u0131nanlar için Rableri kat\u0131nda, içinden \u0131rmaklar akan, içinde ebedî kalacaklar\u0131 cennetler, tertemiz e\u015fler ve Allah’\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131 vard\u0131r.Allah, kullar\u0131n\u0131 hakk\u0131yla görendir. \" (Âl-i \u0130mran Sûresi:15).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Allah Sübhanehu ve Teâlâ, daha sonra bu nimete lây\u0131k olanlar\u0131n, onu hak edenler olduklar\u0131n\u0131 belirterek \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0622\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0627\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0630\u064f\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0628\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0642\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650 . \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u062a\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650)).[ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646:16-17]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"De ki:Size, onlardan daha hay\u0131rl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 haber vereyim mi? Allah’a kar\u015f\u0131 gelmekten sak\u0131nanlar için Rableri kat\u0131nda, içinden \u0131rmaklar akan, içinde ebedî kalacaklar\u0131 cennetler, tertemiz e\u015fler ve Allah’\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131 vard\u0131r.Allah, kullar\u0131n\u0131 hakk\u0131yla görendir. Onlar: Rabbimiz, biz îmân ettik. Bizim günahlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015fla. Bizi ate\u015f azab\u0131ndan koru, diyenler, sabredenler, do\u011fru olanlar, huzurunda gönülden boyun büküp divan duranlar, Allah yolunda harcayanlar ve seherlerde (Allah’tan) ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma dileyenlerdir.\" (Âl-i \u0130mran Sûresi:16-17).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu âyette Allah Teâlâ, sevdi\u011fi kullar\u0131 için âhiret nimeti olarak haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u015feylerin, dünya meta\u0131ndan daha hay\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011funu haber vermektedir. Âhiret nimetleri ise, iki çe\u015fittir: Zevkini ç\u0131karacaklar\u0131 ecirler ve ondan daha da yüce olan\u0131 Allah'\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Allah Teâlâ buyurmaktad\u0131r:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0627\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064f\u0646\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0639\u0650\u0628\u064c \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0648\u064c \u0648\u064e\u0632\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e\u0629\u064c \u0648\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0641\u064e\u0627\u062e\u064f\u0631\u064c \u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u062b\u064f\u0631\u064c \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0650 \u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u062b\u064e\u0644\u0650 \u063a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062b\u064d \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u064f\u0641\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e \u0646\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064f\u0647\u064f \u062b\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0647\u0650\u064a\u062c\u064f \u0641\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0631\u0651\u0627\u064b \u062b\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064f \u062d\u064f\u0637\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b )) [\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629:20]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Bilin ki, dünya hayat\u0131 ancak bir oyun, bir e\u011flence, bir süs, aran\u0131zda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 bir övünme, çok mal ve evlat sahibi olma yar\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan ibarettir. (Nihayet hepsi yok olur gider). T\u0131pk\u0131 \u015föyle:Bir ya\u011fmur (dü\u015fünün) ki, bitirdi\u011fi bitki çiftçilerin ho\u015funa gider.Sonra kurumaya yüz tutar da sen onu sararm\u0131\u015f olarak görürsün.\" (Hadîd Sûresi: 20).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Burada da Allah Teâlâ, dü\u015fünebildikleri kadar\u0131yla dü\u015fünenler için, dünya gerçe\u011fini onlara haber veriyor. Dünya bir oyun ve oyalanmadan ibarettir. Kald\u0131 ki oyun ve oyalanmak nefis için birer me\u015fgale olup, ancak cahillerin yapaca\u011f\u0131 bir “vakit harcama”d\u0131r ve bo\u015fu bo\u015funa “yok” olma d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir gerçekli\u011fi de yoktur.”<\/em> (Uddet’us-Sabirîn; s:168).<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

          \u0130kinci olarak: Kelimelerin tefsiri.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Allah Teâlâ, kendileri için cennette, dünya nimetleriyle asla mukayese edilemeyecek nimetler haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 muttaki (Allah’tan hakk\u0131yla korkan) kullar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131 zikretmektedir. Bu s\u0131fatlar\u0131, özendirme ve muhtevas\u0131na sad\u0131k kal\u0131nmas\u0131 maksad\u0131yla zikretmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

          \u0130bn Kesîr -Allah ona rahmet etsin- der ki:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

”Allahu Teala; kendilerine büyük sevaplar va’d etti\u011fi takva ehli kullar\u0131n\u0131 tarif etmektedir.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Buyurmaktad\u0131r ki:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627 ))<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Rabbimiz: Bizler îmân ettik’ diyenler...\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yani, sana, kitab\u0131na ve rasulüne.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

 (( \u0641\u064e\u0627\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0630\u064f\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0628\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 ))<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Günahlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015fla..\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yani, sana ve bize gönderdi\u011fin \u015feriata olan îmân\u0131m\u0131z nedeniyle, rahmetin ve faziletinle günahlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve taksirat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015fla.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0648\u064e\u0642\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650 ))<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Bizi cehennem azab\u0131ndan koru.\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sonra buyurdu ki:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646 ))<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Sabredenler\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yani, ibâdet ve taat\u0131nda daim olanlar ve haramlardan sak\u0131nanlar.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

 ( \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Sad\u0131klar\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 Yani, zorluklar\u0131na katlanmak suretiyle istikamet üzere olduklar\u0131 îmânlar\u0131 konusunda sadakat sahibi olanlar.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

 ( \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u062a\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e ) <\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Samimiyetle, gönülden boyun e\u011fenler\".<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Kunut: \u0130taat etmek, boyun e\u011fmektir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

  ( \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"\u0130nfakta bulunanlar\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 Yani, \u0130taat edilmesi emredilen bütün hususlarda, mallar\u0131yla (infakta bulunanlar).<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yak\u0131nlar\u0131 ve akrabalar\u0131yla alakay\u0131 kesmeyenler, muhtaç olanlar\u0131 gözetenler.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 (( \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650 )).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 \"Seher vakitlerinde Allah’tan ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma dileyeler.\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu (son) ifade, seher vakitlerinde yap\u0131lan duâ ve niyazlar\u0131n faziletine delalet etmektedir.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

 Denilmi\u015ftir ki:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yakup -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- o\u011fullar\u0131na:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0633\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0641\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064f \u0644\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650\u064a )).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Yakub: Rabbimden sizin ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanman\u0131z\u0131 dileyece\u011fim.\"<\/a> (Yusuf Sûresi: 98).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 Dedi\u011finde, duâs\u0131n\u0131 seher vaktinde yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yine, Sahihayn’de, Müsnedlerde ve Sünenlerde, birden fazla vecihle rivayet edildi\u011fine göre, Rasulullah -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-, sahâbeden bir gruba \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Her gece, gecenin üçte biri kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Allah Teala, dünya semas\u0131na iner ve \u015föyle der:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

-\u0130steyen yok mu kendisine vereyim. Duâ eden (yalvaran) yok mu duâs\u0131na icâbet edeyim. \u0130sti\u011ffarda bulunan yok mu tevbesini kabul edip kendisini ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayay\u0131m.” (Hadis).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

          Üçüncü olarak: Bela\u011fat ve edebiyat.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Burada, Allah Teâlâ'n\u0131n:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u062a\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650)).[ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 17]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Sabredenler, do\u011fru olanlar, huzurunda gönülden boyun büküp divan duranlar, Allah yolunda harcayanlar ve seherlerde (Allah’tan) ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma dileyenlerdir.\" (Âl-i \u0130mran Sûresi:17).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Âyetindeki, baz\u0131 edebi ve beyani hususlar\u0131, ilim ehli müfessirlerin sözlerinden hareketle, soru ve cevap üslubuyla aç\u0131klayal\u0131m.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

1.              Allahu Teâlâ, niçin di\u011ferlerini de\u011fil de, mü'minlerin bu özelliklerini zikretmi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

          Baz\u0131 müfessirler \u015föyle demi\u015flerdir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

          Bu be\u015f özellik kullu\u011fun bütün a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 ve Allah Teâlâ ile olan bütün muamelat\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0130mam Beyzavî -Allah ona rahmet etsin-:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(( \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u062a\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650)).[ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 17]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Sabredenler, do\u011fru olanlar, huzurunda gönülden boyun büküp divan duranlar, Allah yolunda harcayanlar ve seherlerde (Allah’tan) ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma dileyenlerdir.\" (Âl-i \u0130mran Sûresi:17).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Kullu\u011fun en güzel özelliklerini belirtmektedir, demektedir.Kulun, Allah ile olan münasebeti, ya tevessül ederek ya da talep ile olur.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Tevessül: ya nefis ile ki; nefsi kötülüklerden al\u0131koyup, iyiliklere ve iki hali de kapsayan sab\u0131rl\u0131 olmaya yönlendirmek suretiyle veyahut da beden ile olur. Beden ile olan tevessül de, ya sözlü olur ki, bu do\u011fruluktur. Veya fiili olur  ki, bu da, itaatin gere\u011fi olan kunut, yani Allah’\u0131n yüceli\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda boyun e\u011fmektir. Veyahut da mal ile olur ki, bu da hay\u0131r yolunda infakta bulunmakt\u0131r.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Talep ise; isti\u011ffar (ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma dile\u011fi) ile olur; çünkü ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma iste\u011fi, dileklerin en büyü\u011füdür. Hatta isti\u011ffar, tüm ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma isteklerini kapsamaktad\u0131r.”<\/em> (Beyzâvî Tefsiri; c: 2, s:16).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Tâhir b. Â\u015fûr -Allah ona rahmet etsin- \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Burada, dindarlar\u0131n ana özelliklerinin faziletleri zikredilmi\u015ftir. Bunlar:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sab\u0131r: Taatta bulunman\u0131n ve kötülükleri terk etmenin esas\u0131.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sadâkat: \u0130stikamet üzere olman\u0131n ve Ümmetin fertleri aras\u0131nda güven duygusunun yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n temeli.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Kunût: \u0130badetlerin vaktinde, tam anlam\u0131yla ve yerli yerince yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fart\u0131. Kunut, nefsî ve bedenî bir ibadettir.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0130nfak: \u0130nfak, ümmetin muhtaçlar\u0131n\u0131n ihtiyaçlar\u0131n\u0131 yeterince gidermenin temelini te\u015fkil eder. Yak\u0131nla\u015fman\u0131n mali boyutudur. Mal can\u0131n ikiz karde\u015fidir!<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Seherlerde tevbe \u0130sti\u011ffar: Gecenin sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru, namaz ile beraber yap\u0131lan duâ ve isti\u011ffar. Seher, gecenin son anlar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130badetin en fazla ihlâsla yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlard\u0131r. Çünkü her yere sükûnet hâkim olmu\u015ftur. Bu vakitlerde kalk\u0131p, namaz ve duâ ile me\u015fgul olmak, ki\u015finin âhiretine gösterdi\u011fi öneme delalet eder. Bu yüzden, sad\u0131k kimseler, tevbe isti\u011ffar için bu vakti tercih ederler. Çünkü vakit, me\u015fgalelerden ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, duygular\u0131n safla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir vakittir.”<\/em> (et-Tahrîr ve’t-Tenvir kitab\u0131; c: 3, s: 43).<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

2. Bu vas\u0131flar, niçin bu s\u0131ralamayla gelmi\u015flerdir?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bunun herhangi bir özel nedeni var m\u0131d\u0131r? Bu dizili\u015f, rütbeler aras\u0131ndaki efdaliyete mi delalet etmektedir? Yoksa hepsi ayn\u0131 mertebede midirler?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Derinlemesine dü\u015fünüldü\u011fünde, bahsi geçen bu s\u0131fatlar\u0131n, bu \u015fekildeki s\u0131ralan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n efdaliyet ifade etti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sab\u0131r, nefsin arzular\u0131n\u0131 dizginleyip, ibâdete yöneltmeyi ve kötülüklerden vazgeçmeyi gerektirmektedir.Ancak nefse engel olmak, tek ba\u015f\u0131na sevap kazanmak için yeterli olmamakta, Allah’a kar\u015f\u0131 ihlâs ve sadakati de gerektirmektedir.O yüzden, “Sabirîn”, sabredenler ile ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve akabinde de “Sâd\u0131kîn” sadakat ehli, do\u011fru kimseler” zikredilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sonra, kullar bazen sab\u0131rdan ve do\u011fruluktan uzakla\u015f\u0131p, ibâdetlere kar\u015f\u0131 tembelle\u015febilirler. Böylece, bu mertebelerde yükselme konusunda geriye dü\u015fülebilir. \u0130\u015fte, (bu iki s\u0131fat\u0131n arkas\u0131ndan) ibâdetlerde devaml\u0131 olmak ve dosdo\u011fru olmak manas\u0131ndaki “Kunut” s\u0131fat\u0131 zikredilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Allah Teâlâ:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

((\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u062a\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e ))<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Huzurda boyun büken”,<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sfat\u0131n\u0131 zikrettikten sonra, takva ve sab\u0131r s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131n gere\u011fi olarak baz\u0131  salih amelleri “yüksek rütbeler” olarak isimlendirmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Allah -azze ve celle- \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650)).[ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 17]<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"... Allah yolunda harcayanlar ve seherlerde (Allah’tan) ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma dileyenlerdir.\"<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Fahreddin er-Râzî -Allah ona rahmet etsin- \u015föyle demi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\"Bilesin ki, Allah’\u0131n kullar\u0131na yüklemi\u015f oldu\u011fu çe\u015fitli mükellefiyetler vard\u0131r.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

(Bunlardan) ”<\/em> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0631” =”sab\u0131rl\u0131”  (bu yükümlülüklerin) her türlüsünü eda etme konusunda sab\u0131rl\u0131 olan kimse demektir. <\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu (sab\u0131r) mertebe(si)nin en olgun derecesi ise, ifa edilen yükümlülüklerin \u015fahidi bizzat kendisi olan salih amellerdir. Bu (durum), salih amel sahibi kimsede mutlaka kendini belli edecektir. Bu mertebe, birincisinden daha geri planda kal\u0131nca, Allah Teâlâ; -do\u011fal olarak- öncelikle “<\/em>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646\" sabredenler”i, sonra da<\/em> “ \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0646” “do\u011fruluk ehli kimseler”i zikretmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yine, Allah Teala, (kullar\u0131n dikkatlerini) bu iki çe\u015fit ibadet’in devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusundaki<\/em> görevlerine çekmektedir<\/em>:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 ( \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 Yani, Allah’a itaatte devaml\u0131 olanlar.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu üç ibare, (es-sâbirîne- ve’s-saâd\u0131kîne- ve’lkânitîne = sabredenler-dosdo\u011fru olanlar ve Allah’a boyun e\u011fip, itaatinde dâim olanlar), bütün ibâdet çe\u015fitlerine yönelik, devaml\u0131l\u0131k konusuna te\u015fvik etmek ve sevdirmek için zikredilmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Allah Teâlâ, bundan sonra, belli ba\u015fl\u0131 baz\u0131 taât\/ibadetleri zikretmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bunlardan, k\u0131ymeti bak\u0131m\u0131ndan en de\u011ferli olan\u0131 iki tanesidir:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Birincisi: Mal ile yap\u0131lan hizmet\/mücadele.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Burada,<\/em>   “\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0646” “\u0130nfak edenler” olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0130kincisi:<\/em>Nefis ile yap\u0131lan hizmet\/mücadele.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bu da<\/em>  “\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0631” “Seherlerde ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma dileyenler” olarak<\/em>isimlendirilmi\u015flerdir.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

E\u011fer, niçin “infak edenler”, “tevbe isti\u011ffar edenler”den önce zikredilmi\u015ftir? diye sorulacak olursa,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Deriz ki: Çünkü bu âyet, kulun alt (mertebelerden) üst (mertebelere) do\u011fru bir yükseli\u015fini ifade etmektedir. Bu nedenle, “seher vakitlerinde tevbe isti\u011ffar edenlerin en sonunda zikredilmesinde bir beis yoktur.”<\/em>  (Mefatîhu’l-\u011eayb, - özet olarak-; c:7, s:176-177).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bununla birlikte, Tefsir âlimleri, (yukar\u0131da zikri geçen) s\u0131fatlar aras\u0131ndaki at\u0131f harfi “vav”\u0131n s\u0131rr\u0131 ile ilgili olarak çok ince ve detayl\u0131 görü\u015fler beyan etmi\u015flerdir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Okuyucular\u0131m\u0131za (a\u011f\u0131r gelmemesi için) daha fazla uzatmak istemiyoruz. Kim, daha fazla aç\u0131klama isterse, bu cevapta ad\u0131 geçen yukar\u0131daki tefsirlere müracaat edebilir.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Allah Teâlâ en iyi bilendir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Islam Q&A<\/span><\/div>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","status":1,"created_at":"2015-05-22T06:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2015-05-22T06:00:00.000000Z","language_id":26,"fatawacate_id":23,"parent_id":5266,"author_id":"","books":[],"articles":[],"videos":[],"audios":[],"author_name":"","category_name":"The Quraan and its Sciences - General","category_slug":"","get_date":"2015-05-22"},"translations":[],"fatawa_books":[],"fatawa_articles":[],"fatawa_videos":[],"fatawa_audios":[],"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/tur\/api\/fatawas\/5267"}