{"fatawa":{"id":7555,"title":"Makam-\u0131 Mahmud \u015fefaattir, Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in Ar\u015f'\u0131n \u00fczerine oturtulmas\u0131 de\u011fildir","slug":"makam-i-mahmud-sefaattir-peygamber-sallallahu-aleyhi-ve-sellem-in-arsin-uezerine-oturtulmasi-degildir","order":"","question":"Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2'n\u0131n: \r\n(( \u0648\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0644\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064e\u062c\u0651\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0646\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0644\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0649 \u0623\u064e\u0646 \u064a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0639\u064e\u062b\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064f\u0643\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b )) [ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629: 79 ] \r\n\"(Ey Nebi!) Gecenin bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda (uykundan) kalk, sana mahsus n\u00e2file olarak onunla (Kur'an ile) namaz k\u0131l (ki kadrin y\u00fccelsin ve derecelerin y\u00fckselsin). Umulur ki Rabbin (k\u0131y\u00e2met g\u00fcn\u00fc insanlara \u015fefaat\u00e7i olman i\u00e7in) seni Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'a (\u00f6v\u00fclen makama) ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \" (\u0130sr\u00e2 S\u00fbresi: 78-79) \r\nS\u00f6z\u00fc hakk\u0131nda: \"Makam-\u0131 Mahmud, Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2'n\u0131n, Muhammed -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'i kendisinin yan\u0131nda K\u00fcrs\u00ee'nin \u00fczerine oturtmas\u0131d\u0131r\", diye \u0130mam M\u00fccahid'den riv\u00e2yet edilen tefsirin s\u0131hhati nedir? Ya da Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2, Muhammed -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'i Ar\u015f'\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine kendisinin yan\u0131na m\u0131 oturtacakt\u0131r?","answer":"Hamd, yaln\u0131zca Allah'ad\u0131r.\r\n\r\nPeygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in Ar\u015f'\u0131n \u00fczerine oturtulmas\u0131 meselesi, eskiden oldu\u011fu gibi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de h\u00e2l\u00e2 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ve konu\u015fulan bir meseledir.\r\n\r\n\u0130mam M\u00fccahid'in bu s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ge\u00e7erli olup-olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na girmeden \u00f6nce baz\u0131 noktalara dikkat etmek gerekir.\r\n\r\nBirincisi:\r\n\r\nPeygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in Ar\u015f'\u0131n \u00fczerine oturtulmas\u0131yla ilgili olarak Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'den isn\u00e2d\u0131 s\u00e2bit (sahih) olan hi\u00e7bir makbul hadis gelmemi\u015ftir.\r\n\r\nEhl-i s\u00fcnnet ve'l-cemaat akidesinin \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu k\u00e2ide (\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc) \u015fudur:\r\n\r\n\"Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in hakk\u0131nda konu\u015fmay\u0131p susmu\u015f oldu\u011fu gayb ile konular, gayb\u00ee bilgiler olarak kal\u0131r. Bu konuda soru sormak, ileri geri konu\u015fmak ve kesin oldu\u011funa inanmak c\u00e2iz de\u011fildir.\" \r\n\r\n\u015eeyhulisl\u00e2m \u0130bn-i Teymiyye -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu konuda \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:\r\n\r\n\"Ras\u00fblullah -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in, Ar\u015f'\u0131n \u00fczerine oturtulmas\u0131 hadisini, baz\u0131 insanlar, bir\u00e7ok yollardan merfu' olarak riv\u00e2yet etmi\u015fler, fakat riv\u00e2yetlerin hepsi de mevz\u00fb hadislerdir.\" (\"Der'u Te\u00e2rudu'l-Akli ve'n-Nakl\", c: 3, s: 19)\r\n\r\n\u0130mam Zeheb\u00ee de -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu konuda \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:\r\n\r\n\"Peygamberimiz -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in Ar\u015f'a oturtulmas\u0131 meselesi hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir hadis s\u00e2bit olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hatta bu babta \u00e7ok zay\u0131f say\u0131lan hadis vard\u0131r.\" (\"el-Uluvv\", c: 2, s: 1081, hadis no: 422)\r\n\r\n\u0130kincisi:\r\n\r\nKur'an-\u0131 Kerim'in tefsiri hakk\u0131nda, sahih s\u00fcnnette gelen hadislere ittib\u00e2 etmek, -M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'in -Allah ona rahmet etsin- ilmiyle de olsa- t\u00e2bi\u00eenden birisinin tefsirini almaktan daha evl\u00e2d\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle -ileride nakledilece\u011fi \u00fczere- M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'in kendisinden bir \u00e2yeti tefsir etti\u011fine d\u00e2ir bir riv\u00e2yeti \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fimiz zaman sahih hadislere ve eserlere mutab\u0131k kal\u0131rsa, onun tefsirini al\u0131r\u0131z.\r\n\r\nKa'b b. M\u00e2lik'tan -Allah ondan r\u00e2z\u0131 olsun- riv\u00e2yet olundu\u011funa g\u00f6re Ras\u00fblullah -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem- \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur:\r\n\r\n(( \u064a\u064f\u0628\u0652\u0639\u064e\u062b\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u064f \u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u062a\u0650\u064a \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u062a\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064d\u060c \u0648\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650\u064a \u062a\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0648\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u062d\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u062e\u064e\u0636\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064e\u060c \u062b\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e \u064a\u064f\u0624\u0652\u0630\u064e\u0646\u064f \u0644\u0650\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0634\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064e\u060c \u0641\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0627\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064f.)) [ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \" \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f ]\r\n\r\n\"\u0130nsanlar mah\u015fer yerine topland\u0131klar\u0131 zaman, ben ve \u00fcmmetim y\u00fcksek bir yerde bulunaca\u011f\u0131z.Rabbim Teb\u00e2reke ve Te\u00e2l\u00e2 bana ye\u015fil bir h\u00fclle giydirecek. Sonra bana izin verilecek. Ben de Allah'\u0131n hakk\u0131mda diledi\u011fi \u015fekilde konu\u015faca\u011f\u0131m (O\u00b4na hamd ve sen\u00e2da bulunaca\u011f\u0131m ve \u015fefaat edece\u011fim).\u0130\u015fte o, (bana verilen) Makam-\u0131 Mahmud\u00b4dur.\" (\u0130mam Ahmed M\u00fcsnedi, c: 25, s: 60. er-Ris\u00e2le Bask\u0131s\u0131)\r\n\r\n\u0130mam Ahmed M\u00fcsnedi'nin bu bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n muhakkikleri hadis hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015flerdir:\r\n\r\n\"Hadisin isnad\u0131, M\u00fcslim'in \u015fart\u0131na g\u00f6re sahihtir. Hadisin r\u00e2vileri, Buh\u00e2r\u00ee ve M\u00fcslim'in r\u00e2vileri gibi sikad\u0131rlar.Fakat Yez\u00eed b. Abdu Rabbihi ez-Zubeyd\u00ee el-H\u0131ms\u00ee, M\u00fcslim'in r\u00e2vilerindendir.Abdurrahman b. Abdullah b. K\u00e2'b b. M\u00e2lik ise, dedesinden hadisi i\u015fitti\u011fine d\u00e2ir hadis \u00e2limleri ihtilaf etmi\u015flerdir. Ancak do\u011fru olan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, hadisi i\u015fitti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir.\"\r\n\r\n\u0130bn-i \u00d6mer'den -Allah ondan ve babas\u0131ndan r\u00e2z\u0131 olsun- riv\u00e2yet olunan sahih mevkuf esere g\u00f6re o \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:\r\n\r\n(( \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0635\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u062c\u064f\u062b\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064f \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064d \u062a\u064e\u062a\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0639\u064f \u0646\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e: \u064a\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u064f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064f! \u0627\u0634\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0639\u0652\u060c \u064a\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u064f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064f! \u0627\u0634\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0639\u0652\u060c \u062d\u064e\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u062a\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0647\u0650\u064a\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0641\u064e\u0627\u0639\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0651\u0650 \u0635\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0639\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064e.)) [ \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a ]\r\n\r\n\"\u015e\u00fcphesiz ki insanlar k\u0131y\u00e2met g\u00fcn\u00fc gruplar halinde olacaklard\u0131r. Her \u00fcmmet kendi nebisini takip edip:\r\n\r\n- Ey falan! bize \u015fefaat et! Ey falan bize \u015fefaat et! diyecektir.\r\n\r\nSonunda (insanlar\u0131n) \u015fefaat talep etme i\u015fi Nebi -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'de son bulacakt\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte Allah'\u0131n, onu Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'a (\u00f6v\u00fclen makama) ula\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn o g\u00fcnd\u00fcr.\" (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee; hadis no: 4718)\r\n\r\n\u0130mam Buh\u00e2r\u00ee -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu hadis i\u00e7in: \"Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2'n\u0131n: Umulur ki Rabbin (k\u0131y\u00e2met g\u00fcn\u00fc insanlara \u015fefaat\u00e7i olman i\u00e7in) seni Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'a (\u00f6v\u00fclen makama) ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r, S\u00f6z\u00fc B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\" diye bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f ve yukar\u0131daki \u00e2yetin tefsirinin bu y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc tercih etmi\u015ftir.\r\n\r\n\u0130bn-i Kesir -Allah ona rahmet etsin-, \"B\u00fcy\u00fck Kur'an Tefsiri\", c: 5, s: 103'te, \u0130sr\u00e2 S\u00fbresi: 79. \u00e2yetin tefsirini, \"B\u00fcy\u00fck \u015eefaat Makam\u0131\" olarak s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, bir\u00e7ok sah\u00e2be ve t\u00e2bi\u00eenin bu konudaki s\u00f6zlerini zikretmi\u015ftir.\r\n\r\n\u0130bn-i Cerir et-Taber\u00ee de -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu \u00e2yet hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:\r\n\r\n\"Bu, te'vil (tefsir) ehlinin (m\u00fcfessirlerin) \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcd\u00fcr.\"\r\n\r\n\u0130\u015fte \u0130sr\u00e2 S\u00fbresi: 79. \u00e2yetini tefsir eden en uygun ve en g\u00fczel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f budur.\r\n\r\n\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc:\r\n\r\nBaz\u0131 \u00e2limlerin,M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'in \u0130sr\u00e2 S\u00fbresi: 79. \u00e2yetinin tefsiri hakk\u0131ndaki s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc zikretmesi ve onlar\u0131n bu s\u00f6z\u00fc reddetmemesi, onlar\u0131n M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'in bu s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc destekledikleri anlam\u0131na gelmez.Aksine bu, fez\u00e2ili zikretmekte gev\u015fek davranmalar\u0131 ve bunu \u00f6nem vermemeleri sebebiyledir.\r\n\r\nNitekim Ebu Muhammed b. Be\u015f\u015f\u00e2r, Abdullah b. Ahmed'in, babas\u0131 Ahmed b. Hanbel'den \u015f\u00f6yle riv\u00e2yet etmi\u015ftir:\r\n\r\nAbdullah b. Ahmed, babas\u0131na bir hadisi arz eder ve:\r\n\r\n\"Bu hadisi, -adlar\u0131n\u0131 sayarak- falan filan adamlar riv\u00e2yet etti, derdi. E\u011fer Abdullah babas\u0131 \u0130mam Ahmed'e zay\u0131f bir hadis arz ederse, ona:\r\n\r\n- Bu hadisin \u00fczerini \u00e7iz! derdi.\r\n\r\nNih\u00e2yet M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'in hadisini ona arz edince, bu hadisin zay\u0131f oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi. Bunun \u00fczerine Abdullah babas\u0131na:\r\n\r\n-Babac\u0131\u011f\u0131m! Bu hadisin de \u00fczerini \u00e7izeyim mi? Diye sordu.\r\n\r\n\u0130mam Ahmed:\r\n\r\n-Hay\u0131r, bu hadiste faz\u00eelet vard\u0131r. Onu oldu\u011fu gibi kabul et ve \u00fczerini \u00e7izme! dedi.\" (\"\u0130bt\u00e2lu't-Te'vil\u00e2t\", s: 489)\r\n\r\nM\u00fcc\u00e2hid'in s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015f\u00f6hret bulmas\u0131 ve yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n temel sebebinin bu riv\u00e2yet oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. O da \u015fudur: \u0130mam Ahmed gibi baz\u0131 hadis imamlar\u0131n\u0131n bu eser (riv\u00e2yet) hakk\u0131nda susmalar\u0131d\u0131r.Bundan dolay\u0131 baz\u0131 \u00e2limler  bunu, eserin i\u00e7eri\u011fini kabul etme ve i\u00e7eri\u011fine inanma bab\u0131ndan zannetmi\u015flerdir.\r\n\r\nBu sebeple \u015f\u00f6yle bu eser hakk\u0131nda denmi\u015ftir:\r\n\r\n\"Bu, kabul g\u00f6ren eserlerden birisidir.\"\r\n\r\nOysa ger\u00e7ek, zannedildi\u011fi gibi de\u011fildir.Bu sebeple bir\u00e7ok \u00e2lim, M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'in s\u00f6yledi\u011fi bu s\u00f6z\u00fcn do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtmi\u015flerdir.\r\n\r\nNitekim \u0130bn-i Abdilberr -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu konuda \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:\r\n\r\n\"Buna g\u00f6re ilim ehli, Allah -azze ve celle-'nin:   \r\n\r\n(( \u0639\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0649 \u0623\u064e\u0646 \u064a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0639\u064e\u062b\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064f\u0643\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b ))\r\n\r\n\"Umulur ki Rabbin (k\u0131y\u00e2met g\u00fcn\u00fc insanlara \u015fefaat\u00e7i olman i\u00e7in) seni Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'a (\u00f6v\u00fclen makama) ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \"\r\n\r\nS\u00f6z\u00fcndeki tefsirin (Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'un tefsirinin), \u015fefaat oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedirler.\r\n\r\n\"Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'un, Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2'n\u0131n, k\u0131y\u00e2met g\u00fcn\u00fc Muhammed -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'i kendisinin yan\u0131nda Ar\u015f'\u0131n \u00fczerine oturtmas\u0131d\u0131r\" diye M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'den riv\u00e2yet olunan s\u00f6z\u00fcn, \u00e2limler taraf\u0131ndan bu \u00e2yetin tefsirinde bir m\u00fcnker olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bir grup sah\u00e2be, t\u00e2bi\u00een ve onlardan sonra gelen \u00e2limler, Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'un, Muhammed -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in \u00fcmmetine \u015fefaat edece\u011fi makam oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedirler. M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'den de \u00e2limlerin \u00fczerinde bulundu\u011fu s\u00f6ze benzer bir s\u00f6z riv\u00e2yet edilmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Kur'an ve s\u00fcnnet ile amel eden ilim ehlinin bu \u00e2yetin tefsirindeki bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, icm\u00e2 say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\r\n\r\n\u0130bn-i Eb\u00ee \u015eeybe, \u015eeb\u00e2be'den, o Vark\u00e2'dan, \u0130bn-i Eb\u00ee Nec\u00eeh'ten, o M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'den:\r\n\r\nAllah Te\u00e2l\u00e2'n\u0131n:\r\n\r\n (( \u0639\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0649 \u0623\u064e\u0646 \u064a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0639\u064e\u062b\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064f\u0643\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b ))\r\n\r\n\"Umulur ki Rabbin (k\u0131y\u00e2met g\u00fcn\u00fc insanlara \u015fefaat\u00e7i olman i\u00e7in) seni Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'a (\u00f6v\u00fclen makama) ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \"\r\n\r\nS\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn tefsiri hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:\r\n\r\n\"Makam-\u0131 Mahmud; Muhammed -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in \u015fefaatidir.\" (\"et-Temh\u00eed\", c: 19, s: 63-64)\r\n\r\n\u0130mam Zeheb\u00ee -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu konuda \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:\r\n\r\n\"M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'den gelen en m\u00fcnker tefsir, Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2'n\u0131n:\r\n\r\n(( \u0639\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0649 \u0623\u064e\u0646 \u064a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0639\u064e\u062b\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064f\u0643\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b ))\r\n\r\n\"Umulur ki Rabbin (k\u0131y\u00e2met g\u00fcn\u00fc insanlara \u015fefaat\u00e7i olman i\u00e7in) seni Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'a (\u00f6v\u00fclen makama) ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \"\r\n\r\nS\u00f6z\u00fcndeki tefsiridir.\r\n\r\nM\u00fcc\u00e2hid: \"Makam-\u0131 Mahmud; Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2'n\u0131n, O'nu -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'i, Ar\u015f'\u0131n \u00fczerine oturtmas\u0131d\u0131r\" demi\u015ftir.\" (\"M\u00eez\u00e2nu'l-\u0130'tid\u00e2l\", c: 3, s: 439)\r\n\r\n\u0130mam Zeheb\u00ee -Allah ona rahmet etsin- yine \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:\r\n\r\n\"M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'in -yukar\u0131da da zikretti\u011fimiz gibi- \u00e2yeti bu \u015fekilde tefsir etmesini baz\u0131 kel\u00e2mc\u0131lar reddetmi\u015ftir.Ebu Bekir el-Merr\u00fbz\u00ee ise,(M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'in s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011frulu\u011fu g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in) oturup kalkm\u0131\u015f zikretmi\u015f ve bu tefsiri desteklemi\u015f, bu konuda bir kitap derlemi\u015f ve Leys b. Eb\u00ee S\u00fcleym, At\u00e2 b. es-S\u00e2ib, Ebu Yahya el-Katt\u00e2t ve C\u00e2bir b. Yez\u00eed yoluyla M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'in riv\u00e2yetini derleyip biraraya getirmi\u015ftir.\r\n\r\nEy karde\u015fim! Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 seni hev\u00e2na g\u00f6re hareket etmekten korusun! A\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n, bu muhaddisi (Ebu Bekir el-Merr\u00fbz\u00ee 'yi), m\u00fcnker bir eseri almaya (onunla amel etmeye) nas\u0131l g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne bakar m\u0131s\u0131n?\" (\"el-Uluvv\", c: 2, s: 1081-1090, no: 422-424)\r\n\r\nDe\u011ferli \u00e2lim Elb\u00e2n\u00ee -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu konuda \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:\r\n\r\n\"Sahih hadis kitaplar\u0131nda s\u00e2bit oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'un, Peygamberimiz -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'e \u00e2it umum\u00ee \u015fefaat oldu\u011funa del\u00e2let etmektedir. \u0130nsan akl\u0131n\u0131n \u015fa\u015fk\u0131n kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 acaipliklerden birisi de, \u0130mam Zeheb\u00ee'nin birden fazla ki\u015fiden zikretti\u011fi M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'in bu eseriyle baz\u0131 m\u00fctekaddim \u00e2limlerin fetv\u00e2 vermeleridir.Hatta baz\u0131 muhaddisler daha da ileri giderek \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:\r\n\r\n- E\u011fer yem\u00een eden bir kimse, Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2, Muhammed -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'i Ar\u015f'\u0131n \u00fczerine oturtaca\u011f\u0131na \u00fc\u00e7 talak \u00fczerine yem\u00een etse ve bana bu yem\u00eenin do\u011fru olup-olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fetv\u00e2s\u0131n\u0131 soracak olsa ona: Do\u011fru s\u00f6yledin ve yem\u00eeninde is\u00e2bet ettin, derim.\r\n\r\n\u015e\u00fcphesiz ki bu gibi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k, Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2'n\u0131n s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131 ink\u00e2r edenlerin, ink\u00e2ra devam etmelerine, s\u0131fatlar\u0131 kabul eden Ehl-i s\u00fcnnete kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p onlar\u0131 karalamaya, onlar\u0131 te\u015fbih ve tecsim, hak d\u00eeni, onda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 giden ile ona haks\u0131zl\u0131k eden aras\u0131nda olmakla itham etmelerine sebep olmaktad\u0131r.\r\n\r\nS\u0131fatlar ve di\u011fer konularda Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2'ya l\u00e2y\u0131k hakikat \u00fczere Ras\u00fblullah -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'den sahih olarak gelen hadislere \u00eem\u00e2n eden ve bu konuda, M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'in eserini bir tarafa b\u0131rak\u0131n, Ras\u00fblullah -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'den -bu hadis gibi- sahih olmayan\u0131 kabul etmeyen kimseye Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 merhamet etsin!\" (\"Silsiletu'l-Eh\u00e2d\u00eesi's-Sah\u00eeha\", s: 865)\r\n\r\nDe\u011ferli \u00e2lim Elb\u00e2n\u00ee -Allah ona rahmet etsin- devamla \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:\r\n\r\n\" -\u015eeyhulisl\u00e2m \u0130bn-i Teymiyye'nin de belirti\u011fi gibi, onlar bundan daha k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc yapmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen- Baz\u0131 muhaddislerin zay\u0131f hadisleri riv\u00e2yet etmeleri, onlara kar\u015f\u0131 olan \u00e2limler (muhalifler) taraf\u0131ndan ay\u0131planan ve tenkit edilen hususlardan birisi olmu\u015ftur.\r\n\r\nBu \u00e7a\u011fda onlar\u0131 tenkit eden, ay\u0131playan, bunu onlar\u0131n aptall\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve dal\u00e2letine bri huccet olarak kullananlar\u0131n en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f\u0131, s\u00fcnnet ve hadis ehline \u015fiddetli d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bilinen, onlara Ha\u015feviyye ve M\u00fccessime lakab\u0131n\u0131 veren Z\u00e2hid el-Kevser\u00ee'dir. Hakikatte el-Kevser\u00ee bu konuda onlara z\u00e2lim ve m\u00fcfteri durumundad\u0131r.\r\n\r\nFakat -hakk\u0131n s\u00f6ylenmesi gerekir- baz\u0131 muhaddislerin riv\u00e2yet ettikleri hadis ve eserlerde, bazen onun (el-Kevser\u00ee'nin) iftir\u00e2s\u0131n\u0131 destekleyen \u015feyleri bulabilir.\r\n\r\n\u00d6rne\u011fin:\r\n\r\nAllah Te\u00e2l\u00e2'n\u0131n:\r\n\r\n (( \u0639\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0649 \u0623\u064e\u0646 \u064a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0639\u064e\u062b\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064f\u0643\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b ))\r\n\r\n\"Umulur ki Rabbin (k\u0131y\u00e2met g\u00fcn\u00fc insanlara \u015fefaat\u00e7i olman i\u00e7in) seni Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'a (\u00f6v\u00fclen makama) ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \"\r\n\r\nS\u00f6z\u00fc hakk\u0131nda (Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-'in): \"Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 beni Ar\u015f'\u0131n \u00fczerine oturtacakt\u0131r.\" Diye riv\u00e2yet olunan hadis gibi.\r\n\r\nMakam-\u0131 Mahmud'un tefsiri hakk\u0131nda \u015feksiz ve \u015f\u00fcphesiz do\u011fru olan tefsir, onun \u015fefaat oldu\u011fudur.\u00d6nce \u0130mam \u0130bn-i Cerir -Allah ona rahmet etsin-, sonra Kurtub\u00ee tefsirinde bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc (Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'un \u015fefaat oldu\u011funu) do\u011frulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. H\u00e2f\u0131z \u0130bn-i Kesir -Allah ona rahmet etsin- ondan ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 zikretmemi\u015f ve Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'un \u015fefaat oldu\u011funu belirten hadisleri s\u0131ralam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Hatta \u0130bn-i Cerir taraf\u0131ndan iki yolla riv\u00e2yet edildi\u011fi s\u00e2bit olan onun \u015fefaat oldu\u011fudur.\r\n\r\nM\u00fcc\u00e2hid'den (Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 beni Ar\u015f'\u0131n \u00fczerine oturtacakt\u0131r) diye riv\u00e2yet olunan eserin muteber ba\u015fka bir yolu yoktur. Nitekim Zeheb\u00ee -Allah ona rahmet etsin- bu eserin, Leys b. Eb\u00ee S\u00fcleym, At\u00e2 b. es-S\u00e2ib, Ebu Yahya el-Katt\u00e2t ve C\u00e2bir b. Yez\u00eed yoluyla riv\u00e2yet olundu\u011funu zikretmi\u015ftir. Bu d\u00f6rt r\u00e2viden ilk ikisi, riv\u00e2yetleri birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran kimseler, son ikisi ise, zay\u0131f kimselerdir. Hatta sonuncusu (C\u00e2bir b. Yez\u00eed) metruk ve ithaml\u0131d\u0131r.\r\n\r\nS\u00f6z\u00fcn \u00f6z\u00fc:\r\n\r\nM\u00fcc\u00e2hid'in bu s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn, -ondan riv\u00e2yet edildi\u011fi do\u011fru olsa bile- Kur'an ve s\u00fcnnetten onu destekleyen bir delil bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece d\u00een ve ak\u00eede olarak al\u0131nmas\u0131 (kabul edilmesi) c\u00e2iz de\u011fildir.\" (\"el-Uluvv Muhtasar\u0131\", s: 14-20)\r\n\r\nB\u00f6ylelikle Makam-\u0131 Mahmud'un tefsiri hakk\u0131nda do\u011fru olan tefsirin, \u015fefaat makam\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve M\u00fcc\u00e2hid'den -Allah ona rahmet etsin- gelen bu eserdeki tefsir gibi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmaktad\u0131r.\r\n\r\nAllah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 en iyi bilendir.\r\n\r\nIslam Q&A","status":1,"created_at":"2014-10-26T20:51:56.000000Z","updated_at":"2014-10-26T20:51:56.000000Z","language_id":26,"fatawacate_id":32,"parent_id":7550,"author_id":"","books":[],"articles":[],"videos":[],"audios":[],"author_name":"","category_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629","category_slug":"","get_date":"2014-10-26"},"translations":[],"fatawa_books":[],"fatawa_articles":[],"fatawa_videos":[],"fatawa_audios":[],"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/index.php\/tur\/api\/fatawas\/7555"}