{"title":"Rukiya Hil Abd Al Salam","author":{"id":1094,"name":"Rukiya Hil Abd Al Salam","slug":"rukiya_hil_abd_al_salam","image":"\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","role":"Author","about":"","promote":0,"status":1,"created_at":"2014-03-21T08:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2014-03-21T08:00:00.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","get_name":"Rukiya Hil Abd Al Salam"},"books":{"current_page":1,"data":[{"title":"\u0d2b\u0d46\u0d2e\u0d3f\u0d28\u0d3f\u0d38\u0d02; \u0d07\u0d38\u0d4d\u0d32\u0d3e\u0d02 \u0d12\u0d30\u0d41 \u0d2a\u0d3e\u0d36\u0d4d\u0d1a\u0d3e\u0d24\u0d4d\u0d2f\u0d28\u0d4d\u200d \u0d35\u0d3f\u0d36\u0d15\u0d32\u0d28\u0d02","slug":"\u0d2b-\u0d2e-\u0d28-\u0d38-\u0d07\u0d38-\u0d32-\u0d12\u0d30-\u0d2a-\u0d36-\u0d1a-\u0d24-\u0d2f\u0d28-\u0d35-\u0d36\u0d15\u0d32\u0d28-1432798907","image":"\/uploads\/books\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629.jpg","read_counter":61047,"is_volume":0,"created_at":"2014-03-21T08:00:00.000000Z","category_id":3,"volume_id":0,"id":4398,"volume_count":null,"volume_title":null,"category":{"id":3,"title":"Women in Islam","created_at":"2017-08-17T19:18:15.000000Z","updated_at":"2018-02-12T22:28:18.000000Z","slug":"Women-in-Islam","i18ns":[],"get_title":"Women in Islam"},"authors":[{"id":1094,"name":"Rukiya Hil Abd Al Salam","slug":"rukiya_hil_abd_al_salam","image":"\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","role":"Author","about":"","promote":0,"status":1,"created_at":"2014-03-21T08:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2014-03-21T08:00:00.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"pivot":{"book_id":4398,"author_id":1094},"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","get_name":"Rukiya Hil Abd Al Salam"}],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629.jpg","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/","author_id":"","author_name":"Rukiya Hil Abd Al Salam","book_title":"\u0d2b\u0d46\u0d2e\u0d3f\u0d28\u0d3f\u0d38\u0d02; \u0d07\u0d38\u0d4d\u0d32\u0d3e\u0d02 \u0d12\u0d30\u0d41 \u0d2a\u0d3e\u0d36\u0d4d\u0d1a\u0d3e\u0d24\u0d4d\u0d2f\u0d28\u0d4d\u200d \u0d35\u0d3f\u0d36\u0d15\u0d32\u0d28\u0d02","category_slug":"Women-in-Islam","category_name":"Women in Islam"}],"first_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/pol\/api\/authors\/1094?books_page=1","from":1,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/pol\/api\/authors\/1094?books_page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"« Previous","page":null,"active":false},{"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/pol\/api\/authors\/1094?books_page=1","label":"1","page":1,"active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next »","page":null,"active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/pol\/api\/authors\/1094","per_page":25,"prev_page_url":null,"to":1,"total":1},"videos":{"current_page":1,"data":[],"first_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/pol\/api\/authors\/1094?videos_page=1","from":null,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/pol\/api\/authors\/1094?videos_page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"« Previous","page":null,"active":false},{"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/pol\/api\/authors\/1094?videos_page=1","label":"1","page":1,"active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next »","page":null,"active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/pol\/api\/authors\/1094","per_page":25,"prev_page_url":null,"to":null,"total":0},"audios":{"current_page":1,"data":[],"first_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/pol\/api\/authors\/1094?audios_page=1","from":null,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/pol\/api\/authors\/1094?audios_page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"« Previous","page":null,"active":false},{"url":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/pol\/api\/authors\/1094?audios_page=1","label":"1","page":1,"active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next »","page":null,"active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/pol\/api\/authors\/1094","per_page":25,"prev_page_url":null,"to":null,"total":0},"articles":{"current_page":1,"data":[{"id":1209,"title":"Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d?","slug":"are-we-born-to-be-free","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/en-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/en-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:are-we-born-to-be-free","hint":"","body":"

Are we “born to be free”?<\/span><\/h1>\r\n


<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\"\"
<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

(part 1 of 2): Freedom, an Invaluable Gift<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

“Freewill is the most difficult of God’s gifts to understand or appreciate.  The person who gives up selfish freedom and agrees to be God’s servant will always be truly free.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Freedom is one of the most valuable things there is, although many of us have no idea how precious it is until we suffer the loss of it.  It is considered to be one of the basic human rights, and to attempt to withhold that right without very just cause is a most serious sin.  We all like to think that we are free, and that we have freewill when making our choices in life - but let us think for a moment about the realities of the situation.  Are we really born to be free?  And if, in what ways?  What does this mean for us?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

For a start, the amount of freedom we actually have is much more limited than we perhaps realize.  Let’s start with simple examples that we can all understand, things that concern our physical bodies.  How much freedom do we have over yawning, or sneezing, or sweating, or bleeding, or breathing, or digesting, or excreting?  How much freedom do we have over whether we can see, or hear, or feel, or get our muscles and limbs to work?  I used to be able to run for a bus and climb mountains - but no matter how much I insist I am free to do that now, I cannot do it.  I cannot even choose to stand up; if I have been typing for a long time my legs get so stiff I just can’t do it.  I have absolutely no control over what is going on inside my body - I have no idea how my kidneys extract waste matter, or how they can know what is needed and what is to be got rid of.  I have no idea what makes my heart beat, or when it will stop.  I cannot choose whether I salivate, urinate, coagulate, replicate, deteriorate or disintegrate!<\/span><\/p>\r\n

And consider the people I am related to.  I had no freedom to choose my parents or grandparents, or brothers and sisters.  I could not choose my genetic make-up.  I tried to choose when my own children would be born, but this did not work out as I expected.  And I had no idea of what sex my children would be, or what they would be like.  Some people believe that it is only a matter of time before we will be able to fiddle about with genetics to produce children to order, but then - of course - the little person produced will have had no freedom whatsoever about what he or she will be physically.  So, when you consider all this - it doesn’t really seem as if human beings have very much freedom at all, does it?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

And yet, belief in the freedom of the human spirit is one of the key things God has revealed down the ages.  In Islam, we are taught that it was something God granted to human beings which He did not grant to angels.  We may not be able to choose what we are physically, but we have to choose what we will do as regards our soul-activity.  We are requested by God to take control of our selves, and make particular choices and act in particular ways - but He never forces us.  We do not even have to believe in Him, and we may choose to ignore Him or disobey Him.  Millions of people do.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

As it happens, we are not programmed robots.  We do not react in the same way to given situations; some of us are much more unselfish, generous, forgiving, helpful and able to cope than others.  But we don’t have to be.  If we see an old lady struggling up the road carrying heavy parcels, we can choose whether to go to help her, knock her down and steal her parcels, ignore her, or shout rude names at her and run away.  This leads on to an interesting thought.  We can entertain ourselves by guessing what any particular individual might do to the old lady with the parcels.  But we all have a feeling of ‘ought’; we think we know what course of action the good person, the religion person, the person of conscience, ought to take.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Whenever we say that a person ought to do something, we assume that the person is actually free and able to do it.  It is quite pointless to say that someone ought to help her, for example, if that person is locked up in jail, or unconscious, or living in a distant country.  ‘Ought’ implies ‘can’.  Now, if God can do anything He wants, then it would obviously be perfectly possible for Him to control our minds and our choices.  This is a matter that is within the capabilities of human beings themselves, and it would be only too easy for God.  However, the very fact that He allows people to choose not to believe in Him and not to do what He wants, demonstrates conclusively that God does not robotize peoples’ minds.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 (part 2 of 2): What God Wants from Us<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

Each of the prophets, including Abraham, Moses, Jesus and Muhammad, taught that what people chose to do with respect to belief in God and obedience to His will made a very great difference to the final outcome of their affairs.  Humans have a tremendous ability to love and be kind, or to hate and be destructive.  This means that although they may have all been born with souls of equal worth, they do not remain equal.  Freewill is actually the most difficult of God’s gifts to understand or appreciate.  The point of freewill is to make sense of human morality - without it there is no such thing as good or evil conduct, for we should simply be automatons.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

If we cannot make real free choices then judgment cannot apply to us - it would be totally against justice.  Whenever people are not free to make choices, then they cannot be held responsible.  Aishah recorded that the Prophet, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, made it clear that those whose freedom or intellect was limited - for example, those too young or too ignorant, or whose balance of mind was disturbed - could not be held morally responsible for their actions, either in a shari’ah court of law, (or a UK court, for that matter), or in the judgment to come.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

So, what about the Muslim concept of al-Qadr<\/em>, the key doctrine of God’s complete and final control over the fulfillment of events, or Destiny?  How does one balance the idea of God knowing absolutely everything with the idea of freewill?  If God knows in advance everything that will happen, then surely a person’s life must be entirely predestined?  Furthermore, if God does not intervene to stop particular things happening, then one can say that He alone is responsible for them.  This is linked to the problem of evil.  Who is responsible for evil, if God is ultimately responsible for everything?  A thief might plead innocence, because he was surely predestined to steal, and therefore how can it be his fault?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Many people think that all Muslims are fatalists, who believe that since ‘everything is written’, and that God knows everything in advance - therefore it must all be predetermined.  No human brain has actually been able to untangle this problem totally - certainly not mine - but the whole business of God sending Messengers with revelations surely indicates that humans are expected to listen, and then make choices, and then adjust their lives accordingly (Quran 6:91; 23:73).  God in fact revealed:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Truly, God does not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves.” (Quran 13:11)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

This certainly seems to indicate that humans have the power to change through their own freewill, and these decisions alter their fates.  It must be true that God does know everything and every possibility, but humans do not.  Therefore, if a human chooses a particular thing, there will be a particular outcome leading to a particular conclusion.  If the human chooses a different course of action, then the outcome and conclusion will be different.  If you choose to swallow a whole bottle of painkilling tablets, you will die this afternoon; but if you choose to swallow only two, it may cure your migraine and you may live to be a hundred.  God, knows all the possible outcomes but He leaves the choice to you.  We cant understand it, but God can - His ‘intelligence’ is millions of times greater and totally different from ours.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The real truth lies in the realm of al-Ghayb<\/em> [matters which lie beyond human perception].  All that believers can do is to ask for guidance along our path of life.  We may not be able to see the road way into the distance, but we can pray that God will show us the next step, one step at a time.  If it were impossible for people to choose because their futures and destinies were already fixed, not only would God be unfair instead of just, but there would also seem to be very little point in us even trying to live good lives.  Fatalism leads to despair and helplessness, defeatism, and hindering people from making any effort to improve either their own lot or the lot of those around them.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

What does God want for us?  He wants us to achieve happiness and success.  He wants us to find true freedom.  If true freedom brings happiness, then it seems things are not quite as many folks think.  I might be very happy to be free to have a relationship with a different partner every week, or to stuff myself with tasty but unhealthy food, or to spend a fortune on clothing or jewelry or pop CDs, or to smoke, or stay out late worrying my parents, or avoid chores or homework, or have a laugh at my enemies, or earn lots of money perhaps dishonestly, or be famous and admired by lots of people.  Surely these are the things that make people happy?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

How simple it would be if that were so.  It’s so easy for Satan to fool people - the way that leads to destruction is so tempting and enjoyable.  But stop and think.  Many of the richest and most powerful people in the world are the loneliest.  People who stuff themselves get all the problems and misery of being overweight.  Those who are lazy and avoid learning and training in their youth wake up to the realities of failed lives later on.  Smokers puffing away contentedly behind the bike-sheds will die young of cancer or heart failure - to the great grief of those who love them.  People who are promiscuous usually end up with heartbreak for themselves and the children they later neglect, abandon (usually the young fathers) or kill in abortion (the young mothers).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

True happiness is to look after that which God has loaned to us and entrusted to our safe-keeping for such a brief time - our bodies, our families, our talents, our sensitivity towards others.  This means not being free to give in to our lusts and desires, the things we know very well will hurt us and others in due course.  But here’s the odd thing - the person who gives up that kind of selfish freedom and agrees to be God’s servant will always be truly free.  They will know that they have done their best; their consciences will be clear, their inner persons confident and full of hope, and they will never be slaves to their own selves, or to any other person or thing.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(part 2 of 2): What God Wants from Us<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

Each of the prophets, including Abraham, Moses, Jesus and Muhammad, taught that what people chose to do with respect to belief in God and obedience to His will made a very great difference to the final outcome of their affairs.  Humans have a tremendous ability to love and be kind, or to hate and be destructive.  This means that although they may have all been born with souls of equal worth, they do not remain equal.  Freewill is actually the most difficult of God’s gifts to understand or appreciate.  The point of freewill is to make sense of human morality - without it there is no such thing as good or evil conduct, for we should simply be automatons.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

If we cannot make real free choices then judgment cannot apply to us - it would be totally against justice.  Whenever people are not free to make choices, then they cannot be held responsible.  Aishah recorded that the Prophet, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, made it clear that those whose freedom or intellect was limited - for example, those too young or too ignorant, or whose balance of mind was disturbed - could not be held morally responsible for their actions, either in a shari’ah court of law, (or a UK court, for that matter), or in the judgment to come.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

So, what about the Muslim concept of al-Qadr<\/em>, the key doctrine of God’s complete and final control over the fulfillment of events, or Destiny?  How does one balance the idea of God knowing absolutely everything with the idea of freewill?  If God knows in advance everything that will happen, then surely a person’s life must be entirely predestined?  Furthermore, if God does not intervene to stop particular things happening, then one can say that He alone is responsible for them.  This is linked to the problem of evil.  Who is responsible for evil, if God is ultimately responsible for everything?  A thief might plead innocence, because he was surely predestined to steal, and therefore how can it be his fault?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Many people think that all Muslims are fatalists, who believe that since ‘everything is written’, and that God knows everything in advance - therefore it must all be predetermined.  No human brain has actually been able to untangle this problem totally - certainly not mine - but the whole business of God sending Messengers with revelations surely indicates that humans are expected to listen, and then make choices, and then adjust their lives accordingly (Quran 6:91; 23:73).  God in fact revealed:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Truly, God does not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves.” (Quran 13:11)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

This certainly seems to indicate that humans have the power to change through their own freewill, and these decisions alter their fates.  It must be true that God does know everything and every possibility, but humans do not.  Therefore, if a human chooses a particular thing, there will be a particular outcome leading to a particular conclusion.  If the human chooses a different course of action, then the outcome and conclusion will be different.  If you choose to swallow a whole bottle of painkilling tablets, you will die this afternoon; but if you choose to swallow only two, it may cure your migraine and you may live to be a hundred.  God, knows all the possible outcomes but He leaves the choice to you.  We cant understand it, but God can - His ‘intelligence’ is millions of times greater and totally different from ours.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The real truth lies in the realm of al-Ghayb<\/em> [matters which lie beyond human perception].  All that believers can do is to ask for guidance along our path of life.  We may not be able to see the road way into the distance, but we can pray that God will show us the next step, one step at a time.  If it were impossible for people to choose because their futures and destinies were already fixed, not only would God be unfair instead of just, but there would also seem to be very little point in us even trying to live good lives.  Fatalism leads to despair and helplessness, defeatism, and hindering people from making any effort to improve either their own lot or the lot of those around them.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

What does God want for us?  He wants us to achieve happiness and success.  He wants us to find true freedom.  If true freedom brings happiness, then it seems things are not quite as many folks think.  I might be very happy to be free to have a relationship with a different partner every week, or to stuff myself with tasty but unhealthy food, or to spend a fortune on clothing or jewelry or pop CDs, or to smoke, or stay out late worrying my parents, or avoid chores or homework, or have a laugh at my enemies, or earn lots of money perhaps dishonestly, or be famous and admired by lots of people.  Surely these are the things that make people happy?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

How simple it would be if that were so.  It’s so easy for Satan to fool people - the way that leads to destruction is so tempting and enjoyable.  But stop and think.  Many of the richest and most powerful people in the world are the loneliest.  People who stuff themselves get all the problems and misery of being overweight.  Those who are lazy and avoid learning and training in their youth wake up to the realities of failed lives later on.  Smokers puffing away contentedly behind the bike-sheds will die young of cancer or heart failure - to the great grief of those who love them.  People who are promiscuous usually end up with heartbreak for themselves and the children they later neglect, abandon (usually the young fathers) or kill in abortion (the young mothers).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

True happiness is to look after that which God has loaned to us and entrusted to our safe-keeping for such a brief time - our bodies, our families, our talents, our sensitivity towards others.  This means not being free to give in to our lusts and desires, the things we know very well will hurt us and others in due course.  But here’s the odd thing - the person who gives up that kind of selfish freedom and agrees to be God’s servant will always be truly free.  They will know that they have done their best; their consciences will be clear, their inner persons confident and full of hope, and they will never be slaves to their own selves, or to any other person or thing.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":17544,"lft":2193,"rght":2204,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-08-18T00:15:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-04T08:48:37.000000Z","language_id":1,"user_id":7,"author_id":1094,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":13,"parent_id":null,"author_name":"Rukiya Hil Abd Al Salam","category_name":"Purpose of Life","category_slug":"Purpose-of-Life","get_date":"2014-08-18","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/en-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/en-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.docx"},{"id":1210,"title":"\u00bfNacemos para ser libres?","slug":"nacemos-para-ser-libres","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:nacemos-para-ser-libres","hint":"","body":"

¿Nacemos para ser libres?<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\"\"<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

(parte 1 de 2): La libertad, un regalo inestimable<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

“El libre albedrío es el regalo de Dios más difícil de apreciar y comprender.  La persona que renuncia a su propia libertad y decide ser un siervo de Dios, siempre será verdaderamente libre”.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

La libertad es una de las cosas más valiosas que existen, a pesar de que no la valoramos hasta que la perdemos.  Es considerada uno de los derechos humanos básicos, e impedir ese derecho sin justa causa es un pecado muy serio.  Nos gusta pensar que somos libres, y que tenemos libre albedrío cuando hacemos nuestras elecciones en la vida; pero pensemos por un momento acerca de las realidades de esta situación.  ¿Somos realmente libres? Y si lo somos, ¿de qué manera? ¿Qué significa eso para nosotros?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Para empezar, la cantidad de libertad que tenemos actualmente es mucho más limitada de la que consideramos tener.  Veamos algunos simples ejemplos que todos podemos entender, cosas relacionadas con nuestros cuerpos.  ¿Cuánta libertad tenemos referente al bostezo, al estornudo, a la transpiración, a la circulación sanguínea, a la digestión o a la excreción? ¿Cuánta libertad tenemos sobre lo que vemos o sentimos, o sobre nuestros músculos y extremidades? Yo solía ser capaz de correr hasta un autobús y escalar montañas; pero ahora no importa cuánto insista en que soy libre para hacer estas cosas, ya no puedo hacerlas más.  Ni siquiera puedo elegir ponerme de pie: si estoy escribiendo por mucho tiempo mis piernas se quedan tan rígidas que no puedo hacerlo.  No tengo absolutamente ningún control al respecto de lo que ocurre dentro de mi cuerpo.  No tengo idea de cómo mis riñones remueven sustancias inútiles o cómo saben lo que es necesario y lo que debe ser eliminado.  No tengo idea de lo que hace a mi corazón latir, o cuándo se ha de detener.  ¡No puedo escoger si salivo, si orino, si coagulo, si duplico mis células, si envejezco o si muero!<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Y respecto a las personas con las cuales me relaciono, no tuve ninguna libertad de elegir a mis padres, abuelos, hermanos y hermanas.  No pude elegir mi constitución genética.  Intenté elegir cuándo mis propios hijos deberían haber nacido, pero ni siquiera eso ocurrió como yo esperaba; y no tenía idea de cuál sería el sexo de mis hijos o cómo serían.  Algunas personas creen que es sólo cuestión de tiempo para que seamos capaces de manejar la genética a un punto tal de producir hijos a nuestro gusto; pero aún así –naturalmente– las pequeñas personitas creadas no tendrán ninguna libertad respecto a elegir cómo serían físicamente.  Entonces, cuando consideramos todo eso, realmente no parece que los seres humanos tengan mucha libertad después de todo, ¿no es así?  <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sin embargo, la creencia en la libertad del espíritu humano es uno de los asuntos claves que Dios ha revelado en todas las épocas.  En el Islam, se nos enseña que eso fue algo que Dios garantizó a los seres humanos, no así a los ángeles.  Puede que no seamos capaces de escoger lo que somos físicamente, pero tenemos que escoger lo que haremos con respecto a nuestra actividad espiritual.  Dios nos pide tener control de nosotros mismos, tomar ciertas decisiones y comportarnos de cierta forma, pero Él no nos obliga a ello.  No estamos obligados a creer en Él y podemos decidir ignorarlo o desobedecerlo, millones de personas lo hacen.      <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Esto ocurre ya que no somos robots programados.  No reaccionamos del mismo modo frente a situaciones similares; algunos son mucho más desinteresados y generosos, o  dispuestos a perdonar y a cooperar solidariamente.  Pero no estamos obligados a ser así.  Si vemos una anciana cruzando la calle con gran esfuerzo, cargando pesados paquetes, podemos decidir si vamos y la ayudamos, si la golpeamos y robamos sus objetos, si la ignoramos, o si la insultamos y huimos… Eso nos lleva a una interesante reflexión.  Podemos distraernos adivinando lo que cada individuo haría con la anciana y sus objetos, pero todos tenemos un sentimiento de “deber”; pensamos que sabemos qué línea de conducta debe tomar una buena persona, una persona religiosa o una persona consciente.   <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Siempre que decimos que una persona “debe hacer algo”, asumimos que esa persona es en realidad libre y apta para hacerlo.  No tendría sentido decir, por ejemplo, que alguien que está encerrado en una cárcel debería ayudar a la anciana del ejemplo anterior, o alguien que está inconsciente o vive en un país distante.  El “deber” implica “poder”.  Ahora bien, si Dios puede hacer cualquier cosa que desee; entonces, obviamente, es perfectamente posible para Él controlar nuestras mentes y nuestras decisiones.  Este es un asunto que está dentro de las capacidades de los seres humanos, y sería demasiado fácil para Dios.  Sin embargo, el simple hecho de que Él permita a las personas escoger no creer en Él y no hacer lo que Él quiere, demuestra contundentemente que Dios no robotiza la mente de las personas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(parte 2 de 2): Lo que Dios quiere de nosotros<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

Cada uno de los profetas, incluyendo a Abraham, Moisés, Jesús y Muhammad, enseñaron que lo que las personas deciden hacer respecto a la creencia en Dios y la obediencia a Él tendrá influencia definitiva en el resultado final de sus asuntos.  Los seres humanos tienen una tremenda habilidad para amar y ser gentiles, o para odiar y ser destructivos.  Esto significa que a pesar de que todos ellos hayan nacido con almas iguales, no permanecen iguales.  El libre albedrío es el regalo de Dios más difícil de comprender y apreciar.  El objetivo del libre albedrío es dar sentido a la moral humana, sin él no existiría el buen o mal comportamiento y simplemente seríamos autómatas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Si no pudiéramos hacer elecciones verdaderamente libres, entonces no seríamos juzgados ya que eso iría totalmente en contra de la justicia.  Cuando las personas no son libres para hacer elecciones, entonces no pueden ser consideradas responsables.  ‘A’ishah narró que el Profeta, la paz y las bendiciones de Allah sean con él, aclaró que aquellos cuya libertad o intelecto fueran limitados –por ejemplo, los niños y los ignorantes, o aquellos cuyo equilibrio mental estuviese perturbado– no deberían ser considerados moralmente responsables por sus acciones, ya sea ante un tribunal de justicia de la Shari’ah (o el tribunal del Reino Unido, para el caso) o en el Juicio por venir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Entonces, ¿qué pasa con el concepto islámico de Al-Qader<\/em> (la principal doctrina del control completo y absoluto de Dios respecto al cumplimiento de los eventos) o el Destino? ¿Cómo alguien equilibra la idea de que Dios conoce absolutamente todo con la idea del libre albedrío? ¿Si Dios conoce anticipadamente todo lo que va a ocurrir, entonces la vida de una persona está totalmente predestinada? Además, si Dios no interviene para evitar que  ocurran determinadas cosas, ¿podríamos decir que solo Él es responsable por ellas? Esto está conectado con el problema del “mal”.  ¿Quién es responsable por el mal, si Dios es en última instancia responsable por todo? ¿Puede un ladrón alegar inocencia diciendo que no es culpable porque seguramente estaba predestinado para robar?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Muchas personas piensan que los musulmanes son fatalistas y creen que –ya que “todo está escrito” y que Dios conoce todo anticipadamente– todo está predeterminado.  La mente humana no puede solucionar completamente este problema, pero el hecho de que Dios haya enviado mensajeros con revelaciones ciertamente indica que se espera que los seres humanos escuchen y luego tomen sus decisiones y así adapten sus vidas de acuerdo a ello (vea Corán 6:91; 23:73).  De hecho, Dios reveló: <\/span><\/p>\r\n

“En verdad, Dios no cambia la condición de la gente mientras estos no se cambien a sí mismos”.  (Corán 13:11)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Esto indudablemente parece indicar que los seres humanos tienen el poder de cambiar a través de su propio libre albedrío, y esas decisiones cambian su destino.  Debe ser verdad que Dios conoce todo y toda posibilidad, pero los seres humanos no.  Entonces, si un ser humano escoge una cosa en particular, habrá una consecuencia en particular que llevará a una conclusión en particular.  Si el ser humano escoge un curso diferente de acción, entonces la consecuencia y la conclusión serán distintas.  Si tú decides tomar un frasco completo de calmantes, seguramente morirás esta tarde; pero si decides tomar sólo dos comprimidos, eso puede curar tu migraña y quizá vivas hasta los cien años.  Dios conoce todos los posibles resultados pero Él te deja a ti la decisión.  Nosotros no podemos comprenderlo, pero Dios sí, Su inteligencia es infinitamente mayor y totalmente distinta a la nuestra.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

La verdad se encuentra en el mundo de Al<\/em> Gaib<\/em> (asuntos que se encuentran más allá de la percepción humana).  Todo lo que los creyentes pueden hacer es pedir la guía para sus vidas.  Puede que no seamos capaces de ver el camino a la distancia, pero podemos rezar para que Dios nos muestre el siguiente paso, un paso a la vez.  Si fuera imposible para las personas escoger debido a que sus futuros y destinos ya se encuentran definidos, no solamente Dios sería injusto, sino que no tendría sentido intentar vivir una vida recta.  El fatalismo lleva a la desesperación, a la impotencia y al pesimismo, y dificulta a las personas esforzarse para mejorar su entorno y el de aquellos que lo rodean.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

¿Qué quiere Dios para nosotros? Él quiere que alcancemos la felicidad y el éxito.  Él quiere que encontremos la verdadera libertad.  Si la verdadera libertad trae la felicidad, entonces parece que las cosas no son exactamente como algunas personas piensan.  Yo debería ser feliz por ser libre para poder tener una relación con una persona distinta cada semana, o para saciarme con una comida sabrosa pero poco saludable; o para gastar una fortuna en ropas, joyas o discos compactos de música pop; o fumar o quedarme fuera hasta tarde preocupando a mis padres; o no hacer mis tareas o trabajos de casa; o divertirme con mis enemigos; o ganar mucho dinero de manera deshonesta; o ser famoso y admirado por muchas personas.  Seguramente esas son las cosas que hacen felices a las personas, ¿cierto?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Cómo sería de simple si fuera solamente eso.  Es muy fácil para Satanás engañar a las personas, el camino que lleva a la destrucción es muy tentador y agradable.  Pero deténgase y piense.  Muchas de las personas más ricas y poderosas del mundo son las más solitarias.  Las personas que comen sin límite sufren todos los problemas y miserias del sobrepeso.  Aquellos que son perezosos y evitan aprender y esforzarse en su juventud, despiertan a la realidad de sus vidas fallidas cuando es demasiado tarde.  Los que fuman alegremente morirán jóvenes de cáncer o insuficiencia cardiaca, causando un gran dolor a quienes los aman.  Las personas que son promiscuas usualmente terminan sufriendo y con niños que descuidan, abandonan (sobre todo los padres jóvenes) o matan en un aborto (las madres jóvenes).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

La verdadera felicidad es ocuparse de lo que Dios nos ha ofrecido y nos ha dado en confianza por este corto periodo de tiempo: nuestro cuerpo, nuestra familia, nuestros talentos, nuestra sensibilidad hacia los demás.  Eso no significa ser libres para saciar nuestras pasiones y deseos con cosas que sabemos muy bien que nos lastimarán y lastimarán a otros en su momento.  Y aquí está lo curioso del asunto: la persona que renuncia a ese tipo de libertad egoísta y decide ser siervo de Dios, siempre será verdaderamente libre.  Ellos sabrán que hicieron su mejor elección, sus conciencias estarán limpias, sentirán paz interior y estarán llenos de esperanza, y nunca serán esclavos de sí mismos ni de ninguna otra persona o cosa.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

<\/h1>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":13555,"lft":2194,"rght":2195,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-08-18T00:15:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-04T09:09:16.000000Z","language_id":12,"user_id":7,"author_id":1094,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":13,"parent_id":1209,"author_name":"Rukiya Hil Abd Al Salam","category_name":"Purpose of Life","category_slug":"Purpose-of-Life","get_date":"2014-08-18","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/sp-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.docx"},{"id":1211,"title":"Sommes-nous \u00ab n\u00e9s pour \u00eatre libres \u00bb?","slug":"sommes-nous--ns-pour-tre-libres-","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/fr-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/fr-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:sommes-nous--ns-pour-tre-libres-","hint":"","body":"

Sommes-nous « nés pour être libres »?<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\"\"<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

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 (partie 1 de 2) : La liberté, un cadeau inestimable<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

 « Le libre-arbitre est l’un des cadeaux de Dieu les plus difficiles à comprendre ou apprécier.  Celui qui abandonne sa liberté égoïste et qui accepte d’être le serviteur de Dieu, celui-là est réellement libre. »<\/span><\/p>\r\n

La liberté est l’un des cadeaux de Dieu les plus inestimables, bien que la plupart d’entre nous n’ont aucune idée de son importance jusqu’à ce qu’ils la perdent.  Elle est l’un des droits humains les plus fondamentaux, et tenter d’en priver autrui sans raison légitime est un péché grave.  Nous aimons tous à penser que nous sommes libres et que nous possédons un libre-arbitre qui nous permet de faire divers choix dans notre vie.  Mais réfléchissons un moment : sommes-nous réellement nés pour être libres?  Et si oui, de quelle façon?  Que signifie cette liberté pour nous?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Tout d’abord, la liberté dont nous jouissons est plus limitée que nous ne le soupçonnons.  Pour illustrer ce propos, prenons des exemples relatifs à notre corps.  Quel contrôle avons-nous sur nos bâillements, nos éternuements, notre sudation, nos saignements, notre respiration et notre digestion?  Quel contrôle avons-nous sur notre acuité visuelle et auditive, sur nos sensations physiques ou sur le fonctionnement de nos muscles et de nos organes?  Plus jeune, j’arrivais à courir pour attraper l’autobus et à grimper des montagnes; mais même si je m’efforce de le faire aujourd’hui, en affirmant que je suis libre de le faire, je n’y arrive plus.  Je ne peux même pas choisir de me lever si j’en ai envie; lorsque je passe de longs moments assise, mes jambes deviennent si douloureuses que je n’arrive plus à me lever d’un bond.  Je n’ai absolument aucun contrôle sur ce qui se passe à l’intérieur de mon corps; je ne sais pas comment mes reins filtrent mon sang ni comment ils savent filtrer et quoi rejeter.  Je ne sais pas quand mon cœur s’arrêtera de battre, je ne choisis pas de saliver ni d’uriner, je n’ai aucun contrôle sur la coagulation de mon sang, sur la division de mes cellules, sur leur détérioration ou leur désintégration.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Si je considère les gens auxquels je suis apparentée, je n’ai choisi ni mes ancêtres ni mes parents ni mes frères et sœurs.  Je n’ai pas non plus choisi mon bagage génétique.  J’ai essayé de choisir à quel moment je concevrais mes enfants, mais cela n’a pas fonctionné comme je l’espérais.  Je ne savais pas de quel sexe seraient mes enfants et j’ignorais tout de leurs traits.  Certains croient que ce n’est plus qu’une question de temps et que nous pourrons bientôt manipuler la génétique de façon à produire des enfants sur commande, mais cet enfant n’aura pas été libre de choisir son apparence physique...  Considérant tous ces exemples, il semble bien que l’être humain ne jouisse pas d’une liberté aussi grande qu’il le croit, n’est-ce pas?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Et pourtant, la croyance en la liberté de l’esprit humain est l’une des révélations-clés transmises par Dieu à travers les âges.  En islam, on nous enseigne que cette liberté, Dieu l’a accordée aux êtres humains mais pas aux anges.  Nous ne pouvons choisir nos caractéristiques physiques, mais nous pouvons choisir la façon dont notre âme se comporte.  Dieu nous demande d’exercer un contrôle sur nous-mêmes, de faire des choix particuliers et de nous conduire de certaines façons; nous y sommes encouragés, mais pas forcés.  Nous sommes même libres de ne pas croire en Lui, de L’ignorer et de Lui désobéir.  Des millions de personnes le font.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Il se trouve que nous ne sommes pas des robots programmés.  Nous ne réagissons pas tous de la même façon aux mêmes situations.  Certains d’entre nous sont moins égoïstes, plus généreux, indulgents et altruistes, et arrivent à mieux composer avec les situations de stress.  Mais nous n’y sommes pas obligés.  Si nous voyons une vieille dame avancer péniblement sur le trottoir, transportant de lourds paquets, nous pouvons choisir de l’aider, de l’assommer et de voler ses paquets, de l’ignorer ou encore de l’insulter en passant près d’elle.  Voilà qui nous amène à une réflexion intéressante; il est assez facile de deviner quels genres d’individus auront tel ou tel comportement envers la vieille dame, mais au fond, la plupart d’entre nous ont ce sens du « devoir », et nous savons quel comportement aura la bonne personne, la personne religieuse ou la personne de confiance.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Chaque fois que nous pensons qu’une personne « doit » faire telle ou telle chose, c’est que nous présumons que cette personne est libre et capable de la faire.  Il ne sert à rien de se dire, en soi-même, que telle personne pourrait aider la vieille femme si cette personne est handicapée, inconsciente ou menottée, par exemple.  « Devoir », ici, implique « pouvoir ».  Si Dieu peut faire tout ce qu’Il veut, il Lui est donc parfaitement possible de contrôler nos esprits et les choix que nous faisons.  Mais le fait qu’Il donne aux gens le choix de croire en Lui ou non, de Lui obéir ou non, démontre assez clairement le libre-arbitre qu’Il nous a accordé.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(partie 2 de 2) : Ce que Dieu attend de nous<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

Chaque prophète, incluant Abraham, Moïse, Jésus et Mohammed, a enseigné aux gens que les choix qu’ils font relativement à leur croyance en Dieu et à leur obéissance envers Lui feront toute la différence en fin de parcours.  Les êtres humains ont cette capacité profonde d’aimer et d’être bons, ou de haïr et de se montrer destructifs.  Cela signifie que même s’ils sont tous nés égaux, ils ne demeurent pas égaux jusqu’à la fin.  Le libre-arbitre est l’un des cadeaux de Dieu les plus difficiles à comprendre ou apprécier.  Le libre-arbitre est là pour donner un sens à la moralité humaine; sans lui, il ne pourrait y avoir de « bonne » ou de « mauvaise » conduite, car nous serions tous des automates.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Si nous n’avions pas de libre-arbitre, et donc aucune possibilité de faire des choix personnels, nous ne pourrions être jugés, car cela irait à l’encontre du concept même de justice.  Dans toute circonstance où nous ne sommes pas libres de choisir, nous ne pouvons être tenus responsables.  ‘Aisha, l’épouse du Prophète (que la paix et les bénédictions de Dieu soient sur lui), a clairement mentionné que ceux dont l’intellect est limité – par exemple, ceux qui sont trop jeunes et trop ignorants, ou qui souffrent de problèmes de santé mentale – ne pourront être tenus moralement responsables de leurs actes, ni ici-bas ni dans l’au-delà.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Et qu’en est-il du destin (ou al-qadr<\/em>, en arabe), ce contrôle total de Dieu sur la réalisation des événements?  Comment concilier l’idée d’un Dieu qui sait tout et contrôle tout avec celle du libre-arbitre?  Si Dieu sait d’avance tout ce qui doit arriver, la vie d’une personne est donc certainement prédestinée?  Par ailleurs, si Dieu n’intervient pas pour faire cesser certains événements, peut-on dire qu’Il en est entièrement responsable?  Cette question est reliée au problème du mal : qui est responsable du mal, des mauvaises actions, si Dieu est Celui qui contrôle tout?  Un voleur pourrait plaider l’innocence en prétendant que le vol était prédestiné et demander comment il pourrait alors en être accusé.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Plusieurs voient les musulmans comme des fatalistes qui croient que puisque tout est écrit d’avance et que Dieu sait tout d’avance, alors tout, absolument tout doit être prédéterminé.  Personne n’a encore réussi à éclaircir entièrement ce problème, mais le fait que Dieu ait envoyé des messagers et transmis Ses révélations par leur intermédiaire indique certainement que les hommes sont censés écouter, apprendre, puis faire des choix et modifier leur mode de vie en conséquence (Coran 6:91, 23:73).  Dieu dit :<\/span><\/p>\r\n

« En vérité, tant que les gens [qui composent] un peuple ne changent pas ce qui se trouve dans leur cœur, Dieu ne modifie en rien leur condition. »  (Coran 13:11)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Cela indique également que les êtres humains ont le pouvoir de changer en exerçant leur libre-arbitre et que les décisions qu’ils prennent ont un effet sur leur destin.  S’il est vrai que Dieu sait tout, il demeure que les humains n’ont pas cette omniscience.  S’ils font certains choix, donc, il en résultera des conséquences particulières menant à une conclusion particulière.  S’ils font d’autres choix, alors les conséquences et l’aboutissement seront différents.  Si vous choisissez d’avaler tout un pot d’antidouleurs, vous mourrez peu de temps après; mais si vous n’en avalez que deux, cela soulagera peut-être votre migraine et vous continuerez à vivre.  Dieu connaît tous les aboutissements possibles, mais Il vous laisse prendre vos propres décisions.  Et même s’Il connaît d’avance les décisions que vous prendrez, cela n’enlève rien au fait que vous les prenez librement. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

La vérité se trouve en fait dans la sphère du ghayb<\/em> (ou monde invisible).  Tout ce que les croyants peuvent faire, c’est prier pour être guidés en cette vie.  Même si nous ne savons pas quelle route nous suivrons tout au long de notre vie, nous pouvons demander à Dieu de nous montrer la voie à suivre, un pas à la fois.  S’il était réellement impossible pour les gens de prendre des décisions en toute liberté, non seulement Dieu serait-Il injuste, mais nous n’aurions aucune raison de nous efforcer de mener une vie vertueuse.  Le fatalisme mène au désespoir et au défaitisme, et décourage les gens de chercher à améliorer leur propre vie ou celle des autres autour d’eux.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Qu’attend Dieu de nous?  Il veut nous voir réussir et être heureux.  Il veut nous voir trouver la véritable liberté.  Si la véritable liberté mène au bonheur, il semble donc que la réalité soit différente de ce que pensent la plupart des gens.  Une personne peut se sentir heureuse d’avoir un nouveau partenaire sexuel chaque semaine ou de s’empiffrer de fast-food, ou encore de dépenser des fortunes en vêtements et bijoux, de fumer, de disparaître jusqu’à tard dans la nuit sans aviser ses proches, d’éviter de participer aux tâches ménagères avec les autres membres de sa famille, de gagner son pain de façon malhonnête ou d’être célèbre et admirée par les gens.  Beaucoup de gens croient que ces choses rendent heureux...<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Comme les choses seraient simples s’il ne suffisait que de cela.  Il est si facile de s’abuser et de croire que la voie qui mène à notre propre destruction est la plus agréable.  Mais il faut s’arrêter et réfléchir : beaucoup de gens riches et puissants, en ce monde, se sentent terriblement seuls.  Ceux qui s’empiffrent développent toutes sortes de problèmes de santé.  Ceux qui sont paresseux et qui négligent leurs études quand ils sont jeunes se réveillent trop tard, quand leur vie est devenue un vrai désastre.  Les fumeurs prenant plaisir à chaque cigarette risquent plus que quiconque de mourir d’un cancer ou d’une maladie du cœur, causant du chagrin à leurs proches.  Ceux qui sont libertins ne connaissent pas le véritable amour et négligent souvent leurs enfants quand ils ne les abandonnent pas ou ne les tuent pas (en se faisant avorter).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Le véritable bonheur, c’est de prendre soin de ce que Dieu nous a prêté pour un temps : notre corps, notre famille, nos talents, nos habiletés, nos belles qualités.  Cela signifie que nous n’avons pas la liberté de laisser libre cours à nos désirs de toutes sortes, ce qui de toute façon finit toujours par nous causer du tort ou causer du tort aux gens autour de nous.  La personne qui laisse tomber ce genre de liberté égoïste et qui décide de se soumettre à la volonté de Dieu, celle-là est véritablement libre.  Elle sait qu’elle fait de son mieux, sa conscience est tranquille, elle se sent en confiance et le cœur rempli d’espoir, et elle ne sera jamais l’esclave de ses désirs ni d’autrui.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

<\/h1>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":11019,"lft":2196,"rght":2197,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-08-18T00:15:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-03T03:33:30.000000Z","language_id":9,"user_id":7,"author_id":1094,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":13,"parent_id":1209,"author_name":"Rukiya Hil Abd Al Salam","category_name":"Purpose of Life","category_slug":"Purpose-of-Life","get_date":"2014-08-18","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/fr-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/fr-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.docx"},{"id":1212,"title":"\"Born To Be Free\"? (teil 2 von 2): Was Gott von uns will","slug":"born-to-be-free-teil-2-von-2-was-gott-von-uns-will","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/de-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/de-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:born-to-be-free-teil-2-von-2-was-gott-von-uns-will","hint":"","body":"

\"Born To Be Free\"? (teil 2 von 2): Was Gott von uns will<\/h1>\r\n

\"\"<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

<\/h1>\r\n

 (teil 1 von 2): Freiheit, ein unschätzbares Geschenk<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

“Der freie Wille ist von den Geschenken Gottes das am schwierigsten zu verstehende und anzuwendende.  Die Person, welche die selbstsüchtige Freiheit aufgibt und damit einverstanden ist, Gottes Diener zu sein, wird immer wahrhaftig frei sein.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Freiheit ist eines der wertvollsten Dinge, die es gibt, obwohl die meisten von uns keine Vorstellung davon haben, wie kostbar sie ist, bis wir unter ihrem Verlust zu leiden haben.  Sie wird als ein Grundrecht des Menschen betrachtet und jemandem dieses Recht ohne rechtmäßigen Grund zu verweigern, ist eine schwere Sünde.  Wir alle denken gerne, dass wir frei sind und dass wir den freien Willen haben, wenn wir uns im Leben für etwas entscheiden – aber lass uns mal kurz über die Realität dieser Situation nachdenken.  Sind wir tatsächlich geboren, um frei zu sein?  Und wenn ja, dann auf welche Art?  Was bedeutet das für uns? <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Die Menge Freiheit, die wir tatsächlich haben, ist weit begrenzter, als uns vielleicht bewusst ist.  Lass uns mit einfachen Beispielen anfangen, die wir alle verstehen können; Dinge, die unsere Körper betreffen.  Wieviel Freiheit besitzen wir über unser Gähnen oder unser Niesen oder unser Schwitzen oder unser Bluten oder unser Atmen oder unser Verdauen oder unser Ausscheiden?  Wieviel Freiheit haben wir über das, was wir sehen oder hören oder fühlen können oder wie wir unsere Muskeln und Glieder zum Arbeiten bewegen?  Ich pflegte immer zum Bus zu rennen und auf Berge zu steigen – aber egal, wie sehr ich darauf bestehe, dass ich auch jetzt noch die Freiheit dazu besitze, dies zu tun, ich kann es nicht.  Ich kann nicht einmal aufstehen; wenn ich lange Zeit getippt habe, werden meine Beine so steif, dass ich es einfach nicht kann.  Ich habe überhaupt keine Kontrolle darüber, was innerhalb meines Körpers passiert - wie meine Nieren Stoffe ausscheiden oder woher sie genau wissen, was noch gebraucht wird und was nicht.  Ich habe keine Vorstellung davon, was mein Herz schlagen lässt oder wann es damit aufhören wird.  Ich kann mir nicht aussuchen, ob ich speichele oder uriniere, ob mein Blut gerinnt, meine Zellen sich vermehren oder ob ich alt werde und mich zersetze! <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Und denk nur an die Menschen, mit denen ich verwandt bin.  Ich hatte nicht die Freiheit, meine Eltern oder Großeltern auszuwählen, oder meine Brüder und Schwestern.  Ich konnte mir nicht meine Gene aussuchen.  Ich versuchte es, als ich selbst Kinder bekam, aber es hat nicht so funktioniert, wie ich es erwartet hatte.  Und ich hatte keine Vorstellung davon, welches Geschlecht meine Kinder haben würden oder wie sie sein würden.  Manche Leute meinen, es sei nur eine Frage der Zeit, bis wir mit Hilfe der Genetik in der Lage sein werden, Kinder nach Wunsch zu produzieren, aber dann wird diese kleine produzierte Person – natürlich – auch nicht die Freiheit darüber haben, zu bestimmen, wie oder was er oder sie gern sein will.  Wenn du also über all dies nachdenkst – scheint es tatsächlich nicht gerade so, als hätten die Menschen sehr viel Freiheit, oder?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Und der Glaube an die Freiheit des menschlichen Geistes ist einer der Schlüssel, die Gott zu allen Zeiten offenbart hat.  Der Islam klärt uns darüber auf, dass dies etwas ist, das Gott den Menschen gewährt hat, aber Er gewährte es nicht den Engeln.  Wir können uns unseren Körper nicht aussuchen, aber wir müssen selbst auswählen, wie unsere Seele sich verhält.  Was Gott von uns verlangt, ist, uns selbst unter Kontrolle zu bekommen und eine bestimmte Wahl zu treffen und uns auf eine bestimmte Art und Weise zu verhalten – aber Er zwingt uns nie dazu.  Wir brauchen nicht einmal an Ihn zu glauben und wir können uns aussuchen, Ihn zu ignorieren oder ihm ungehorsam zu sein.  Millonen von Menschen tun dies.   <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Aber wir sind eben keine programmierten Roboter.  Wir reagieren nicht auf dieselbe Weise auf unterschiedliche Situationen; einige von uns sind selbstsüchtiger, großzügiger, verzeihender, hilfsbereiter und kooperationsbereiter als andere.  Aber wir müssen es nicht sein.  Wenn wir eine alte Dame sehen, die sich auf der Straße mit schweren Paketen abplagt, können wir uns aussuchen, ob wir ihr helfen, ob wir sie niederschlagen und ihre Pakete stehlen, ob wir so tun, als würden wir sie nicht sehen oder ob wir sie beschimpfen und wegrennen.  Dies führt uns zu interessanten Überlegungen.  Wir können uns damit beschäftigen, uns auszudenken, was irgendein bestimmtes Individuum mit der alten Dame mit den Paketen anfangen könnte.  Aber wir alle haben ein Gefühl dafür, was man tun \"müsste\"; wir denken, wir wissen, welche Tat eine gute Person, eine religiöse Person, eine vernünftige Person tun sollte. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Immer wenn wir sagen, dass eine Person etwas tun müsste, nehmen wir an, dass diese Person eigentlich frei und in der Lage ist, es zu tun.  Es wäre ziemlich sinnlos zu sagen, jemand sollte ihr helfen, die beispielsweise im Gefängnis eingesperrt ist oder der nicht bei  Bewußtsein ist oder der in einem fernen Land lebt.  ‘Müsste’ impliziert ‘kann’.  Nun, wenn Gott alles tun kann, was Er will, dann würde es Ihm offensichtlich auch durchaus möglich sein, unseren Verstand und unsere Wahl zu beeinflussen.  Dies ist eine Angelegenheit, die in den Fähigkeiten der Menschen selbst liegt, und es wäre Gott ein Leichtes.  Die Tatsache allerdings, dass Er den Menschen gestattet, sich auszusuchen, nicht an Ihn zu glauben, und nicht zu tun, was Er will, zeigt schließlich, dass Gott den Verstand der Menschen nicht robotisiert. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

(teil 2 von 2): Was Gott von uns will<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

Jeder Prophet, Abraham, Moses, Jesus und Muhammad eingeschlossen, lehrte die Menschen, dass wenn sie aus Gottesglauben und Gehorsamkeit Gott gegenüber eine Wahl treffen, dann wird diese einen sehr großen Unterschied auf den endgültigen Ausgang ihrer Angelegenheiten haben.  Menschen besitzen die gewaltigen Fähigkeiten, zu lieben und freundlich zu sein, oder zu hassen und zu zerstören.  Dies bedeutet, obwohl sie alle mit Seelen von gleicher Wertigkeit geboren wurden, bleiben sie doch nicht gleich.  Der freie Wille ist in Wirklichkeit das am schwierigsten zu verstehende und anzuwendende Geschenk Gottes.  Der Sinn des freien Willens ist, der menschlichen Moral eine Bedeutung zu geben – ohne so etwas wie gutes oder schlechtes Verhalten wären wir einfach nur Automaten. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Wenn wir nicht wirklich eine freie Auswahl treffen könnten, dann könnte das Gericht nicht über uns gehalten werden – das wäre dann absolut ungerecht.  Immer wenn Menschen keine freie Wahl treffen können, dann können sie nicht zur Verantwortung gezogen werden.  Aischa berichtete, dass der Prophet, Gottes Segen und Frieden seien auf ihm, erklärt hat, dass jene, deren Freiheit oder deren Verstand eingeschränkt ist, beispielsweise weil sie zu jung oder zu unwissend sind oder weil ihr seelisches Gleichgewicht gestört ist – nicht für ihre Taten zur Verantwortung gezogen werden können, sei es vor einem Gericht der Schari´ah (oder einem deutschen Gericht) oder am Tag des Gerichts.    <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Was also hat es mit dem muslimischen Konzept von al-Qadr <\/em>auf sich, der Doktrin von der vollständigen und endgültigen Kontrolle Gottes über die Erfüllung der Ereignisse oder des Schicksals?  Wie kann man die Vorstellung davon, dass Gott absolut alles weiß mit der des freien Willens in Übereinstimmung bringen?  Wenn Gott bereits alles zuvor schon weiß, das passieren wird, dann muss doch wohl das gesamte Leben einer Person vorherbestimmt sein?  Desweiteren wenn Gott nicht eingreift, um bestimmte Dinge, die geschehen, zu stoppen, dann könnte man sagen, Er sei dafüer verantwortlich.  Dies steht mit dem Problem des Bösen in Verbindung.  Wer ist für das Böse verantwortlich, wenn Gott ultimativ für alles verantwortlich ist?  Ein Dieb könnte plädieren, er sei unschuldig, weil es ihm sicherlich vorherbestimmt war, zu stehlen, und wie könnte es dann sein Fehler sein? <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Viele Menschen denken, Muslime seien Fatalisten, die glauben, weil ja schließlich sowieso ´alles vorgeschrieben´ ist und Gott alles vorher weiß – deshalb muss alles schon vorherbestimmt sein.  Kein menschliches Gehirn war tatsächlich in der Lage, dieses Problem gänzlich zu entwirren – und meines ganz bestimmt nicht – aber die Tatsache, dass Gott Gesandte mit Offenbarungen geschickt hat, zeigt eindeutig, dass von den Menschen erwartet wird, zu hören und dann eine Wahl zu treffen und ihre Leben entsprechend auszurichten.  (Quran 6:91; 23:73).  Gott hat offenbart:   <\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Gewiß, Gott ändert die Lage eines Volkes nicht, ehe sie nicht selbst das ändern, was in ihren Herzen ist.” (Quran 13:11)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Dies zeigt ganz deutlich, dass Menschen die Macht besitzen, durch ihren freien Willen etwas zu verändern und diese Entscheidungen verändern ihr Schicksal.  Es muss wahr sein, dass Gott alles und jede Möglichkeit kennt aber die Menschen nicht.  Wenn sich ein Mensch daher für eine bestimmte Sache entscheidet, dann wird diese bestimmte Sache zu einem bestimmten Schluss führen.  Wenn der Mensch einen anderen Verlauf der Handlung wählt, dann wird der Ausgang und der Schluss ein anderer sein.  Wenn du beschließt, eine ganze Packung Schmerztabletten zu schlucken, wirst du heute nachmittag sterben; aber wenn du dich entschließt, nur zwei zu nehmen, könnte es gegen deine Migräne helfen und du könntest noch hundert werden.  Gott kennt alle möglichen Ausgänge, aber Er überlässt dir die Wahl.  Wir können das nicht verstehen, aber Gott kann es – Seine ´Intelligenz´ ist millionenmal größer und völlig anders als unsere. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Die wirkliche Wahrheit liegt im Bereich von al-Ghayb<\/em> [Dinge, die außerhalb der menschlichen Vorstellungskraft liegen].  Alles, was Gläubige tun können, ist, um Rechtleitung auf unserem Lebensweg zu bitten.  Wir können vielleicht den Weg in der Ferne nicht erkennen, aber wir können Gott bitten, dass Er uns den nächsten Schritt zeigt, einen Schritt nach dem anderen.  Wenn es den Menschen nicht möglich wäre, auszuwählen, weil ihre Zukunft und ihr Schicksal bereits feststände, dann wäre Gott nicht nur ungerecht, sondern es würde für uns keinen Sinn machen, auch nur zu versuchen, ein gutes Leben zu führen.  Fatalismus führt zu Hoffnungslosigkeit und Hilflosigkeit, Miesmacherei und würde de Menschen daran hindern, sich anzustrengen, um sein eigenes Los oder das der anderen zu verbessern.  <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Was will Gott von uns?  Er will, dass wir glücklich und erfolgreich sind.  Er will, dass wir die wahre Freiheit finden.  Wenn wahre Freiheit glücklich sein lässt, dann scheinen die Dinge so zu sein, wie die meisten Leute denken.  Ich könnte sehr glücklich damit sein, jede Woche ein Verhältnis mit einem anderen Partner zu haben oder wenn ich mich mit leckerem aber ungesundem Essen vollstopfe oder wenn ich ein Vermögen für Schmuck oder Pop CDs ausgeben würde oder wenn ich rauchen würde oder abends lange wegbleiben und meine Eltern ängstigen würde oder unangenehme Arbeiten oder Hausaufgaben meiden könnte oder oder wenn ich über meine Feinde lachen könnte oder wenn ich eine Menge Geld unehrenhaft verdienen würde oder wenn ich berühmt wäre und von vielen Menschen bewundert würde.  Sind dies die Dinge, die die Menschen glücklich machen? <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Wie einfach wäre es, wenn es so wäre.  Es ist für den Satan so leicht, die Menschen irrezuführen – der Weg zum Verderben ist so verlockend und angenehm.  Aber halt, denk mal nach.  Viele der reichsten und mächtigsten Menschen auf der Welt sind die Einsamsten.  Menschen, die sich vollstopfen, leiden unter allen Problemen und dem Elend des Übergewichts.  Diejenigen, die faul sind und das Lernen und Üben in ihrer Jugend meiden, werden später aufwachen und feststellen, dass sie ihre Leben vergeudet haben.  Raucher, die zufrieden hinter Fahrradständen paffen, werden jung an Krebs oder Herzversagen sterben – zum großen Kummer derjenigen, die sie lieben.  Menschen, die häufig Wechselbeziehungen eingehen, enden normalerweise mit einem Herzinfarkt und die Kinder, die daraus entstehen, werden vernachlässigt, in Stich gelassen (von den jungen Vätern) oder durch Abtreibung getötet (von den jungen Müttern). <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Wahres Glück ist, das zu erkennen, was Gott uns für diese kurze Zeit verliehen und in Gewahrsam gegeben hat – unsere Körper, unsere Familien, unsere Fähigkeiten, unsere Einfühlsamkeit anderen gegenüber.  Dies bedeutet nicht, frei zu sein, um uns unseren Wünschen und Gelüsten hinzugeben, denn, wie wir nur zu gut wissen, werden diese Dinge uns und andere auf die Dauer nur verletzen.  Aber genau hier kommen wir darauf – derjenige, der diese Art selbstsüchtiger Freiheit aufgibt und damit einverstanden ist, Gottes Diener zu sein, der ist wirklich immer frei.  Er wird wissen, dass er immer sein Bestes getan hat; sein Gewissen ist rein; sein Inneres ist zufrieden und voller Hoffnung und er wird nie der Sklave seines Egos, einer anderen Person oder Sache sein. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

<\/h1>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":6749,"lft":2198,"rght":2199,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-08-18T00:15:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-04T06:07:48.000000Z","language_id":7,"user_id":7,"author_id":1094,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":13,"parent_id":1209,"author_name":"Rukiya Hil Abd Al Salam","category_name":"Purpose of Life","category_slug":"Purpose-of-Life","get_date":"2014-08-18","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/de-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/de-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.docx"},{"id":1213,"title":"\u0420\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043b\u0438 \u043c\u044b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438?","slug":"---dsggh","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/ru-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/ru-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:---dsggh","hint":"","body":"

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\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 – <\/em>\u0411\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c. \u0427\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u044d\u0433\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043c \u0410\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0445\u0430, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0430 – \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0442\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0441\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041d\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0432 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438. \u041d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435? \u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u041d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u0447\u0435\u043c, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u043c\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c. \u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 – \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u0435? \u041a\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c? \u041a\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445, \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043c\u044b\u0448\u0446\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435? \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430-\u0442\u043e \u044f \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u044f \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e, \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c. \u0418\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u044f \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c: \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043c\u043e\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u041c\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430. \u042f \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443, \u043c\u043e\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 – \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0443, \u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u042f \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0446\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0422\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442. \u0423 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0432 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440. \u042f \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u042f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e. \u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 – \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0435, \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437. \u041d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043a \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c. \u0417\u0430\u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435: \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f  \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043e-\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0422\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0438 – \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0439, \u0434\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0443. \u0418\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0430 – \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0447\u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043b \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0438\u043b \u0430\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0414\u0430, \u043c\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0438 \u0442.\u0434., \u043d\u043e, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043c\u044b \u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440. \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u044c \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435, \u041e\u043d \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0441.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u041c\u044b \u0432\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b, \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443. \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0442, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d, \u0449\u0435\u0434\u0440, \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d, \u0443\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432; \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c. \u0423\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0443\u044e \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0441 \u043a\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043e\u043a, \u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0447\u044c, \u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0430 \u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0438 \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043a\u0438. \u0414\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u0431\u044b \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a, \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0443 \u0441 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0412\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041d\u043e \u043c\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e «\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d» \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u043d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u044b\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0413\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a «\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d» \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0447\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0435, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0442\u044e\u0440\u044c\u043c\u0443, \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0442\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0431\u044b \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e, \u041e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c, – \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u041d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0415\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c 2. \u0427\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u044c?<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\u0423\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435: \u0418\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0430 (\u0410\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0430\u043c\u0430), \u041c\u0443\u0441\u044b (\u041c\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0435\u044f), \u0418\u0441\u044b (\u0418\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0441\u0430) \u0438 \u041c\u0443\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0430 (\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u0438\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0410\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0445\u0430) \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u044f\u043c: \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0445 – \u0443\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0448\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442 – \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u0418 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0443\u0448 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b, \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438. \u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 – <\/em>\u0411\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c. \u0411\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0431\u044b \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e \u043d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u0437\u043b\u0435.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0427\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a, \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e. \u0410\u0438\u0448\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a \u041c\u0443\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0434 (\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0410\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442) \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043b: \u0432\u0441\u0435, \u0447\u044c\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043a-\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0422\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0430\u043b\u044c-\u041a\u0430\u0434\u0440<\/em> – \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u043e\u0436\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430? \u0418\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 «\u0421\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0431\u0430»? \u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430? \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434, \u0442\u043e  \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430? \u0411\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 (\u043d\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445) \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439, \u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u041e\u043d? \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0437\u043b\u043e, \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435, \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e? \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043b, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c? \u0412\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043e\u043d \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435 \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d  \u0444\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442, \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435. \u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0421\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0431\u044b \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d, – \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430. \u041d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u044f\u0441\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u044c \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u044b\u043b\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c. (\u0421\u043c.: \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d 6:91; 23:73)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

«\u0412\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0443, \u0410\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f» (\u041a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d 13:11)<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440, \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0431\u044b. \u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u043c, \u043a \u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0430 \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435. \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0449\u044c: \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440, \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043a\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0443\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e. \u041e\u043d \u0432\u0437\u044f\u043b \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438. \u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f? \u041e\u043d \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0442! \u041d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443, \u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u044b\u043c – \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0443\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u043d, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430. \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0448\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u041e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043c.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0421\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0431\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u043b\u044c-\u0413\u0430\u0439\u0431<\/em> (\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430). \u041c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043a \u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0448 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440, \u043d\u043e \u043c\u044b \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u043c \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0411\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c. \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0431\u0443. \u0418 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0431\u044b \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e? \u0424\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0430\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a  \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c, \u043d\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0427\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430\u043c \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442? \u0423\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445\u0430, \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u044b! \u041d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0439, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u0435.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0414\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e, \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b\u043e, \u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443, \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 CD, DVD \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0443\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043d\u043e, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0443\u0447\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433 \u043d\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043c… \u0411\u0435\u0437\u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c? \u041d\u0435\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0421\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430. \u041e\u043d \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433: \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0438; \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0430, \u0430\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u0435\u043c; \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435  \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u0438; \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b – \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f: \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0442, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u0435, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0435 \u0443\u0449\u0435\u0440\u0431 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u041c\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f – \u043e \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0445, \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0445, \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0445, \u043e \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445, \u043e\u0442\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c.  \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u0435. \u041c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u044d\u0433\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043c \u0410\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0445\u0430, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e-\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c. \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u0432\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043e\u043d \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e. \u041e\u043d \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0434\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u0435. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043d.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

<\/h1>","excerpt":"","terms":null,"visibility_roles":"","comment_status":1,"comment_count":0,"read_counter":10040,"lft":2200,"rght":2201,"promote":1,"sticky":0,"status":1,"publish_start":null,"publish_end":null,"created_at":"2014-08-18T00:15:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-04-04T08:04:08.000000Z","language_id":5,"user_id":7,"author_id":1094,"publisher_id":0,"category_id":13,"parent_id":1209,"author_name":"Rukiya Hil Abd Al Salam","category_name":"Purpose of Life","category_slug":"Purpose-of-Life","get_date":"2014-08-18","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/ru-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/articles\/ru-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.docx"},{"id":1214,"title":"Nascemos \u201cpara ser livres\u201d?","slug":"nascemos-para-ser-livres","word":"\/uploads\/articles\/pt-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.docx","pdf":"\/uploads\/articles\/pt-Are we \u201cborn to be free\u201d.pdf","mime_type":null,"type":"node","path":"\/nodes\/view\/type:article\/slug:nascemos-para-ser-livres","hint":"","body":"

Nascemos “para ser livres”?<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

\"\"<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

 (parte 1 de 2): Liberdade, uma Dádiva Inestimável<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

“O livre arbítrio é a mais difícil das dádivas de Deus para se compreender ou apreciar. A pessoa que abre mão de liberdade egoísta e concorda em ser um servo de Deus será sempre verdadeiramente livre.”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

A liberdade é uma das coisas mais valiosas que existe, embora muitos de nós não tenham idéia do quanto é preciosa até que ela seja perdida.  É considerada um dos direitos humanos básicos, e tentar remover esse direito sem uma causa muito justa é um pecado muito sério.  Todos gostamos de pensar que somos livres, e que temos o livre arbítrio quando fazemos nossas escolhas na vida – mas pensemos por um momento sobre as realidades da situação.  Realmente nascemos “para ser livres”?  Se sim, de que forma?  O que isso significa para nós?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Para começar, a quantidade de liberdade que temos de fato é muito mais limitada do que talvez percebamos.  Comecemos com exemplos simples que todos podemos entender, coisas que se referem aos nossos corpos físicos.  Quanta liberdade temos sobre o bocejo, espirro, suor, sangramento, respiração, digestão, ou evacuação?  Quanta liberdade temos sobre o que podemos ver, ouvir, sentir, ou colocar nossos músculos ou membros para trabalhar?  Eu costumava ser capaz de correr para pegar o ônibus e escalar montanhas – mas independentemente do quanto insista que sou livre para fazer isso agora, não posso mais fazê-lo.  Não posso nem escolher ficar de pé; se eu digitar por um período longo minhas pernas ficam tão rígidas que simplesmente não posso fazê-lo.  Não tenho nenhum controle sobre o que acontece dentro do meu corpo – não tenho idéia de como meus rins extraem matéria, ou como eles sabem o que é necessário e o que é para ser eliminado.  Não tenho idéia do que faz meu coração bater, ou quando ele parará.  Não posso escolher se salivo, urino, coagulo, reproduzo, deterioro ou desintegro!<\/span><\/p>\r\n

E considere as pessoas que são meus parentes.  Não tive liberdade de escolher meus pais ou avós, ou irmãos e irmãs.  Não pude escolher minha constituição genética.  Tentei escolher quando meus próprios filhos nasceriam, mas não funcionou como esperava.  E não tive idéia de qual seria o sexo de meus filhos, ou como eles seriam.  Algumas pessoas acreditam que é apenas questão de tempo antes que sejamos capazes de mexer com a genética para produzir crianças de encomenda, mas então – claro – a pessoinha produzida não terá nenhuma liberdade sobre o que ele ou ela será fisicamente.  Então, quando se considera tudo isso – não parece realmente que os seres humanos têm muita liberdade, não é?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

E ainda assim, a crença na liberdade do espírito humano é uma das coisas chaves que Deus revelou através dos tempos.  No Islã somos ensinados que foi algo que Deus concedeu aos seres humanos e que Ele não concedeu aos anjos.   Podemos não ser capazes de escolher como somos fisicamente, mas temos que escolher o que faremos em relação à atividade de nossa alma.  Deus exige que assumamos o controle de nós mesmos, e façamos escolhas particulares e ajamos de determinadas maneiras – mas Ele nunca nos força.  Não temos nem que acreditar Nele, e podemos escolher ignorá-Lo ou desobedecê-Lo.  Milhões de pessoas o fazem.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Já que isso acontece, não somos robôs programados.  Não reagimos da mesma forma em determinadas situações; alguns de nós são muito mais altruístas, generosos, dispostos a perdoar e ajudar e capazes de lidar com dificuldades do que outros.  Mas não temos que ser.  Se virmos uma senhora na estrada com dificuldades carregando pacotes pesados, podemos escolher se a ajudamos, a derrubamos e roubamos seus pacotes, a ignoramos, ou gritamos palavras rudes e corremos.  Isso leva a um pensamento interessante.  Podemos nos distrair adivinhando o quê um indivíduo em particular pode fazer à senhora idosa com os pacotes.  Mas todos temos um sentimento de ‘dever’; achamos que sabemos qual curso de ação a pessoa boa, a pessoa religiosa, a pessoa de consciência, deve tomar.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Toda vez que dizemos que uma pessoa deve fazer algo, supomos que a pessoa é de fato livre e capaz para fazê-lo.  É totalmente sem sentido dizer que alguém deve fazer algo para ajudá-la, por exemplo, se esse alguém está preso em uma cadeia, ou inconsciente, ou vivendo em um país distante.  ‘Dever’ implica em ‘poder’.  Agora, se Deus pode fazer qualquer coisa que queira, então seria perfeitamente possível para Ele controlar nossas mentes e nossas escolhas.  É uma questão que está dentro das capacidades dos próprios seres humanos, e seria muito fácil para Deus.  Entretanto, o fato Dele permitir que as pessoas escolham não acreditar Nele e não fazer o que Ele quer, demonstra conclusivamente que Deus não robotiza as mentes das pessoas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

(parte 2 de 2): O Que Deus Quer de Nós<\/span><\/h1>\r\n

Cada um dos profetas, incluindo Abraão, Moisés, Jesus e Muhammad, ensinou que o que as pessoas escolhem com respeito à crença em Deus e obediência à Sua vontade fará uma grande diferença no resultado final de seus assuntos.  Os humanos têm uma capacidade tremenda de amar e serem gentis, ou de odiar e serem destrutivos.  Isso significa que embora todos tenham nascido com almas de igual valor, eles não continuam iguais.  O livre arbítrio é a mais difícil das dádivas de Deus para se compreender ou apreciar.  O ponto do livre arbítrio é dar significado à moralidade humana - sem ele não haveria boa ou má conduta, porque simplesmente seríamos autômatos.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Se não podemos fazer escolhas realmente livres então o julgamento não nos pode ser aplicado – seria totalmente injusto.  Quando as pessoas não são livres para fazer escolhas, não podem ser responsabilizadas.  Aishah registrou que o Profeta, que a misericórdia e as bênçãos de Deus estejam sobre ele, deixou claro que aqueles cuja liberdade ou intelecto eram limitados – por exemplo, aqueles muito jovens ou muito ignorantes, ou cujo equilíbrio mental estivesse comprometido – não podiam ser responsáveis moralmente por suas ações, seja em um tribunal da shariah (ou um tribunal no Reino Unido, por exemplo), ou no julgamento que virá.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Então, e o conceito islâmico de al-Qadr<\/em>, a doutrina chave do controle final e completo de Deus sobre o cumprimento de eventos, ou Destino?  Como se equilibra a idéia de Deus saber absolutamente tudo com a idéia de livre arbítrio?  Se Deus sabe antecipadamente tudo que acontecerá, então certamente a vida de uma pessoa deve ser inteiramente predestinada.  Além disso, se Deus não intervém para impedir que coisas em particular aconteçam, então se pode dizer que somente Ele é responsável por elas.   Isso está ligado ao problema do mal. Quem é responsável pelo mal, se Deus é em última instância responsável por tudo?  Um ladrão pode alegar inocência, porque certamente estava predestinado a roubar e, portanto, como poderia ser sua culpa?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Muitas pessoas pensam que todos os muçulmanos são fatalistas, que acreditam que uma vez que ‘tudo está escrito’ e que Deus sabe tudo com antecedência, tudo deve estar predestinado.  Nenhum cérebro humano foi de fato capaz de desvendar esse problema totalmente – certamente não o meu – mas toda a questão de Deus enviar Mensageiros com revelações certamente indica que se espera que os humanos ouçam, façam escolhas, e então ajustem suas vidas de acordo (Alcorão 6:91; 23:73).  Deus de fato revelou:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“Deus jamais mudará as condições que concedeu a um povo, a menos que este mude o que tem em seu íntimo.” (Alcorão 13:11)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Isso parece indicar que os humanos têm o poder de mudar através de seu próprio livre arbítrio, e essas decisões alteram seus destinos.  Deve ser verdade que Deus sabe tudo e toda possibilidade, mas os humanos não.  Consequentemente, se um humano escolhe uma coisa em particular, haverá um resultado particular levando a uma conclusão particular.  Se o humano escolhe um curso de ação diferente, então o resultado e a conclusão serão diferentes.  Se escolher engolir um vidro inteiro de analgésicos, você morrerá essa tarde; mas se escolher engolir apenas dois, pode curar sua enxaqueca e viver até os cem anos.  Deus sabe todos os resultados possíveis mas deixa a escolha para você.  Podemos não entender, mas Deus pode – Sua ‘inteligência’ é milhões de vezes maior e totalmente diferente da nossa.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

A verdade reside no campo do al-Ghayb<\/em> [questões que estão além da percepção humana].  Tudo que os crentes podem fazer é pedir orientação ao longo de seu caminho na vida.  Podemos não ser capazes de ver o caminho da estrada de longe, mas podemos orar para que Deus nos mostre o próximo passo, um passo de cada vez.  Se fosse impossível para as pessoas escolherem porque seus futuros e destinos já estavam fixados, não apenas Deus seria injusto ao invés de justo, mas haveria pouco sentido em tentarmos viver vidas boas.  O fatalismo leva ao desespero e desesperança, ao derrotismo, e impede as pessoas de fazerem qualquer esforço para melhorarem suas próprias dificuldades ou as dificuldades daqueles ao seu redor.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

O que Deus quer de nós?  Quer que alcancemos felicidade e sucesso.  Ele quer que encontremos a verdadeira liberdade.  Se a verdadeira liberdade traz felicidade, então parece que as coisas não são como muitas pessoas pensam.  Pode ser muito feliz ser livre para ter um relacionamento com um parceiro diferente cada semana, ou para me empanturrar com comida saborosa mas que não é saudável, ou gastar uma fortuna em roupas ou jóias ou CDs de música pop, ou para fumar, ou ficar fora até tarde dando preocupação aos meus pais, ou evitar tarefas domésticas ou trabalho de casa, ou rir dos meus inimigos, ou ganhar muito dinheiro talvez de forma desonesta, ou ser famoso e admirado por muitas pessoas.  São essas coisas que fazem as pessoas felizes?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Como seria simples se assim fosse.  É tão fácil para Satanás enganar as pessoas – o caminho que leva à destruição é tão tentador e agradável.  Mas pare e pense.  Muitas das pessoas mais ricas e poderosas no mundo são as mais solitárias.  Pessoas que se empanturram têm todos os problemas e misérias de estarem acima do peso.  Os preguiçosos e que evitam aprender em sua juventude acordam para as realidades de suas vidas fracassadas mais tarde.  Fumantes que soltam fumaça alegremente por trás de discussões inúteis morrerão jovens de câncer ou infarto – para grande sofrimento daqueles que os amam.  Pessoas que são promíscuas geralmente terminam com o coração partido por elas mesmas e pelos filhos que posteriormente negligenciam, abandonam (geralmente pais jovens) ou matam no aborto (as mães jovens).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

A verdadeira felicidade é cuidar do que Deus nos emprestou e confiou à nossa guarda por um período breve – nossos corpos, nossas famílias, nossos talentos, nossa sensibilidade em relação aos outros.  Isso significa não ser livre para ceder às nossas luxúrias e desejos, as coisas que sabemos muito bem que nos prejudicarão e a outros no curso devido.  Mas o estranho é que a pessoa que abre mão desse tipo de liberdade egoísta e concorda em ser um servo de Deus será sempre verdadeiramente livre.  Saberão que fizeram o melhor que podiam; suas consciências estarão limpas, seus íntimos estarão confiantes e cheios de esperança, e nunca serão escravos de seus próprios eus, ou de qualquer outra pessoa ou coisa.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

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