{"page_title":"IslamLand","authors":[{"id":2,"name":"Dr. Abd Ar-Rahman bin Abd Al-Karim Ash-Sheha","slug":"ash_sheha","image":"\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","role":"Author","about":null,"promote":1,"status":1,"created_at":"2013-12-02T09:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-11-10T08:42:34.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","get_name":"Dr. Abd Ar-Rahman bin Abd Al-Karim Ash-Sheha"},{"id":3,"name":"Ahmed Al-Amir","slug":"ahmed_al_amir","image":"\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","role":"Author","about":null,"promote":1,"status":1,"created_at":"2013-12-02T09:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2018-01-04T22:45:01.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","get_name":"Ahmed Al-Amir"},{"id":37,"name":"Zakir Naik","slug":"zakir_naik","image":"\/uploads\/avatars\/2017\/12\/non-profile-vlXp.jpg","role":"Author","about":"

DR ZAKIR NAIK - PRESIDENT, IRF<\/span><\/strong>
\r\n
\r\nA medical doctor by professional training, Dr Zakir Naik is renowned as a dynamic international orator on Islam and Comparative Religion. He is the president of Islamic Research Foundation, Mumbai. He is 49 years old. Dr Zakir clarifies Islamic viewpoints and clears misconceptions about Islam, using the Qur’an, authentic Hadith and other religious Scriptures as a basis, in conjunction with reason, logic and scientific facts. He is popular for his critical analysis and convincing answers to challenging questions posed by audiences after his public talks.
\r\n
\r\nIn the last 18 years (by the year 2014) Dr Zakir Naik has delivered over 2000 public talks in the USA, Canada, UK, Italy, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman, Egypt, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Botswana, Nigeria, Ghana, Gambia, Sri Lanka, Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, China, Thailand, Guyana (South America), Trinidad, Mauritius and many other countries, in addition to numerous public talks in India. In April 2012, his public talk in Kishanganj, Bihar, in India was Alhamdulillah attended by over one million people being one of the largest gathering in the world for any religious lecture by a single Orator.
\r\n
\r\nAmongst the billion plus population of India Dr Zakir Naik was ranked No. 82 in the ‘100 Most Influential People in India’ list published by Indian Express in the year 2009 and ranked No. 89 in 2010. He was ranked No. 3 in the ‘Top 10 Spiritual Gurus of India in 2009’ and topped this list in 2010. He is ranked in the top 70 list of the ‘500 Most Influential Muslims in the World’ published by George Washington University in the year 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014.
\r\n
\r\nHe has successfully participated in several symposia and dialogues with prominent personalities of other faiths. His public dialogue with Dr William Campbell (of USA) on the topic “The Qur’an and the Bible in the light of Science” held in Chicago, USA, in April, 2000 was a resounding success. His inter-faith Dialogue with prominent Hindu Guru Sri Sri Ravi Shankar on the topic "The Concept of God in Hinduism and Islam in the light of Sacred Scriptures" held at Palace Grounds, Bangalore, on 21st Jan. 2006, was highly appreciated by people of both the faiths.
\r\n
\r\nShaikh Ahmed Deedat, the world famous orator on Islam and Comparative Religion, who had called Dr. Zakir “Deedat Plus” in 1994, presented a plaque in May 2000 with the engraving “Awarded to Dr. Zakir Abdul-Karim Naik for his achievement in the field of Da’wah and the study of Comparative Religion”. “Son what you have done in 4 years had taken me 40 years to accomplish, Alhamdulillah”.
\r\n
\r\nShaikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President & Prime Minister of UAE and Ruler of Dubai, presented the prestigious Dubai International Holy Quran Award’s ‘Islamic Personality of 2013’ Award on 29th July 2013, for providing outstanding services to Islam and Muslims at a global level in Media, Education and Philanthropy, to Dr Zakir Naik, along with a cash reward of UAE Dirhams 1 million (approx. US $272,000) which he promptly donated to start a Waqf (endowment) fund for Peace TV Network. Dr Zakir at 47 years, was the youngest recipient of the award.
\r\n
\r\nAgong, Tuanku Abdul Halim Mu’adzam Shah, the king and head of state of Malaysia, conferred Dr Zakir Naik the highest award of Malaysia the ‘Tokoh Ma’al Hijrah Distinguished International Personality Award for the Year 2013’ for his significant service and contribution to the development of Islam on 5th November 2013. Also presented to
\r\nDr Zakir was a citation plaque signed by the Prime Minister of Malaysia Datuk Seri Mohd. Najib Razak.
\r\n
\r\nShaikh Dr. Sultan bin Mohammed Al Qasimi, Member of the Supreme Council of UAE and Ruler of Sharjah, presented Dr Zakir Naik the ‘Sharjah Award for Voluntary Work’ for the year 2013, for his voluntary services for Islam on an international scale, on 16th January 2014 at a special ceremony in Sharjah.
\r\n
\r\nOn Wed. 15th Oct. 2014 Dr Zakir Naik, servant of Allah, was conferred with two prestigious accolades at a special event in Gambia:-
\r\n
\r\nThe Insignia of the Commander of the National Order of the Republic of The Gambia (the highest national award in Gambia) by the President of The Gambia Dr. Yahya Abdul Aziz Jammeh as well as, The Honorary ‘Doctor of Humane Letters’ (Honoris Causa), by the Governing Council of the University of The Gambia (UTG) in recognition of his outstanding contribution and dissemination of knowledge in promoting research and delivery of community services internationally.
\r\n
\r\nDr Zakir Naik Alhamdulillah has more than 6 million likes on his Face Book in less than 18 months which is not only one of the highest amongst the Muslim Religious English Speakers but also one of the highest amongst any Religious English Speaker in the world.
\r\n
\r\nDr Zakir Naik appears regularly on many international TV channels in more than 200 countries of the world. He is regularly invited for TV and Radio interviews. More than a hundred of his talks, dialogues, debates and symposia are available on DVDs. He has authored many books on Islam and Comparative Religion.
\r\n
\r\nThe idealogue and driving force behind Peace TV Network is Dr Zakir Naik. He launched Peace TV English, in January 2006, it being the largest watched ‘Islamic’ as well as ‘any Religious’ Satellite TV channel presently in the world, with over 100 million viewership of which 25% are Non-Muslims. In its footsteps he launched Peace TV Urdu in June 2009 and Peace TV Bangla in April 2011. InshaAllah, he plans to expand Peace TV network to cover the ten major languages of the world.<\/p>","promote":1,"status":1,"created_at":"2013-12-07T09:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2017-12-20T19:31:56.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/avatars\/2017\/12\/non-profile-vlXp.jpg","get_name":"Zakir Naik"},{"id":39,"name":"\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632","slug":"abd_\u0391l_aziz_bin_abd_allah_bin_baz","image":"\/uploads\/avatars\/2017\/12\/non-profile-pYX1.jpg","role":"Author","about":"

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/div>","promote":1,"status":1,"created_at":"2013-12-07T09:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2017-12-17T08:42:56.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/avatars\/2017\/12\/non-profile-pYX1.jpg","get_name":"\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632"},{"id":55,"name":"\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062c","slug":"naji_ibrahim_al_arfaj","image":"\/uploads\/avatars\/2017\/12\/non-profile-GtnD.jpg","role":"Author","about":"

\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 ( 1382\u0647\u0640 - 1962\u0645 )<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n


\r\n·  \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 ( \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1406 \u0647\u0640 - 1986 \u0645 ) .<\/span>
\r\n·  \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0646 (Michigan State University) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a (1410 - 1417 \u0647\u0640).<\/span>
\r\n·       \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 -  \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 1430 – 1433\u0647\u0640.<\/span>
\r\n·       \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627 - \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 1422 – 1426 \u0647\u0640.<\/span>
\r\n·       \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 -  \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/span>
\r\n·       \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f  -  \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/span>
\r\n ·       \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a - \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621.<\/span>
\r\n·       \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a (www.etawasol.org)<\/span>
\r\n·       \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n·       \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n 
\r\n\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/span>
\r\n -     \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 - \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 ( 1418 \u0647\u0640 ).<\/span>
\r\n-     \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 -  \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 ( 1419 -1421 \u0647\u0640 )<\/span>
\r\n-  \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629  \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 ( 1422 \u0647\u0640 ) \u062d\u062a\u0649 ( 1426 \u0647\u0640 ) \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a .<\/span>
\r\n-      \u0631\u0634\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 ( 1425 \u0647\u0640 ).<\/span>
\r\n-      \u0631\u0634\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 ( 1426 \u0647\u0640).<\/span>
\r\n-     \u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 (1428 \u0647\u0640).<\/span>
\r\n-     \u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0645 (1330 \u0647\u0640).<\/span>
\r\n 
\r\n\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644:<\/span>
\r\n §  \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645  -  \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645  -  \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a- \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 - \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a – \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0629 .<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 -  \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a- \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645). \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 1413\u0647\u0640.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0641\u0648\u0641 - \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0632 - \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 - \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 1426 \u0647\u0640.<\/span>
\r\n§   \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 1426 \u0647\u0640.  \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0632<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621.<\/span>
\r\n§        \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 1424 \u0647\u0640. <\/span>
\r\n§  \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 1427 \u0647\u0640. <\/span>
\r\n 
\r\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/span>
\r\n §       \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629  \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 MI-TESOL.<\/span>
\r\n§        \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 (TESOL ) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u063a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 ( \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 ) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 1428 \u0647\u0640. <\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 ( \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0629 1428 \u0647\u0640. <\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 ( \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0647\u0631\u0629 ) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 1428 \u0647\u0640. <\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 ( \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 ) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 1428 \u0647\u0640. <\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 ) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631 1429 \u0647\u0640. <\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631 2011\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n
\r\n     \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0631\u063a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 2004\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n
\r\n§  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2006\u0645. \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u062c 2007\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 2009\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 2009\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 2008\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 2009\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 ( \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a) \u0648(\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062b) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 ( \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c).<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 2009\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 2010\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 2011\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 ( \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 ) \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 2011\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 ( \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 ) \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 – \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a 2011\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627.<\/span>
\r\n 
\r\n\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span>
\r\n §   \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 25 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 (\u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627: \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u060c \u062c\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0646\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062d\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u062c\u064a).<\/span>
\r\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a :<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0639\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 (\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621.<\/span>
\r\n§   \u0639\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645) \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 .<\/span>
\r\n§   \u0639\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645) \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0639\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 (\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645) \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a ( \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0632) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0639\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 ) \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0628\u064a - \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0639\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a ) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0637\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f\u064a : \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 ) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 ( \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 ) \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 .<\/span>
\r\n§  \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 ( \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d ) \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 .<\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a ( \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a ) \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 14- 16 \/ 6 \/ 1433 \u0647\u0640<\/span>
\r\n 
\r\n\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/span>
\r\n 
\r\n§  \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 ) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( Reaching Out ) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 ) \u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 ) \u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 ) \u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 ) \u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629) \u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 ) \u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 ) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/span>
\r\n§   \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 .<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 ( \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 ) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 – \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a ( \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629) .<\/span>
\r\n\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645:<\/span>
\r\n ·  \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 ( \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 ) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 3 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n·       \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 ( \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u061f ) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n·  \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u061f ) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n·  \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u061f ) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<\/span>
\r\n 
\r\n\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629:<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 2004- 2007\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 2004\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 2007\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§  \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 2009\u0645.<\/span>
\r\n§       \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n 
\r\n\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/span>
\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \/ \u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062c<\/span>
\r\n 
\r\n\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/span>
\r\n   
\r\n\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637<\/span>
\r\n1402 \u0647\u0640 – 1406<\/span>
\r\n1986 -  1982<\/span>
\r\n 
\r\n 
\r\n   
\r\n- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 – \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 (English ).<\/span>
\r\n- \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.<\/span>
\r\n( \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a\u0647 ).<\/span>
\r\n- \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 - \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 1986 \u0645 .<\/span>
\r\n- \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/span>
\r\n- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 – \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644.<\/span>
\r\n1407 – 1409 \u0647\u0640<\/span>
\r\n1989 - 1987 \u0645<\/span>
\r\n   
\r\n- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646. \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\/ \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 (\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647).<\/span>
\r\n- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628.<\/span>
\r\n1410 – 1417 \u0647\u0640<\/span>
\r\n1997 - 1989 \u0645<\/span>
\r\n   
\r\n- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n- \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0643\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 .<\/span>
\r\n- \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u0631\u0634\u062d  \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 ).<\/span>
\r\n- \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/span>
\r\n1418 – 1419 \u0647\u0640<\/span>
\r\n1999 - 1998 \u0645<\/span>
\r\n   
\r\n- \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 - \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 .<\/span>
\r\n- \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b ( \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b ) \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621.<\/span>
\r\n1420 – 1421 \u0647\u0640<\/span>
\r\n2001 - 2000 \u0645<\/span>
\r\n   
\r\n- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0632 ( \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628.<\/span>
\r\n1422 – 1433 \u0647\u0640<\/span>
\r\n2012 - 2002 \u0645<\/span>
\r\n 
\r\n 
\r\n   
\r\n - \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627.<\/span>
\r\n- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 -  \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 2009<\/span>
\r\n- \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a  2009\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/div>","promote":1,"status":1,"created_at":"2013-12-13T09:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2017-12-20T19:34:06.000000Z","language_id":2,"parent_id":null,"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/avatars\/2017\/12\/non-profile-GtnD.jpg","get_name":"\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062c"},{"id":57,"name":"\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0628","slug":"ibrahim_abo_harb","image":"\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","role":"Author","about":"\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627:\r\nhttp:\/\/www.islam-guide.com \u0648 http:\/\/www.islamreligion.com \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 45 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646.","promote":1,"status":1,"created_at":"2013-12-15T09:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2013-12-15T09:00:00.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","get_name":"\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0628"}],"books":[{"id":256,"title":"Ateist \u00d6\u011fretmen ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00d6\u011frenci aras\u0131ndaki diyalog.","slug":"ateist-oegretmen-ve-mueslueman-oegrenci-arasindaki-diyalog-1432798898","image":"\/uploads\/books\/5304af7d-13e8-457e-89c9-4ff4cebe88c4-Capture eng.JPG","hint":"

Ateist bir ö\u011fretmen ve müslüman bir ö\u011frenci aras\u0131ndaki diyalog: Bu kitapta müslüman bir ö\u011frenci ile ateist bir ö\u011fretmen aras\u0131nda diyalog geçmektedir. Müslüman ö\u011frenci bu diyalog boyunca birçok bat\u0131 ülkesinde yayg\u0131n olan ateizmin: "Kâinat\u0131n (evrenin) yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131z olu\u015fmas\u0131", "Allah'\u0131n, dünyadaki bütün kötülüklerin yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olmas\u0131", "Bu sebeple yarat\u0131c\u0131 yoktur" yalan ve hurafeleri gibi bât\u0131l dü\u015füncelerine kar\u015f\u0131 koymaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>","arabic_notes":null,"book_text":null,"word":"\/uploads\/books\/52adbb3a-8a5c-48c1-b482-58f8c63a5571-","pdf":"\/uploads\/books\/dialogue-between-atheist-prof-and-muslim-student_turk.pdf","keywords":null,"read_counter":20292,"status":1,"is_volume":0,"created_at":"2013-12-15T21:07:46.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-05-10T14:53:30.000000Z","language_id":26,"publisher_id":48,"category_id":9,"volume_id":null,"parent_id":243,"promote":1,"volume_count":null,"volume_title":null,"order":1,"category":{"id":9,"title":"The Existence of God","created_at":"2017-08-17T19:18:15.000000Z","updated_at":"2018-02-12T22:25:31.000000Z","slug":"The-Existence-of-God","i18ns":[],"get_title":"The Existence of God"},"authors":[{"id":3663,"name":"Manea H. Al-Hazmi","slug":"manea_h_al_hazmi","image":"\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","role":"Author","about":"","promote":0,"status":1,"created_at":"2015-02-12T09:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2015-02-12T09:00:00.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"pivot":{"book_id":256,"author_id":3663},"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","get_name":"Manea H. Al-Hazmi"}],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/5304af7d-13e8-457e-89c9-4ff4cebe88c4-Capture eng.JPG","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/dialogue-between-atheist-prof-and-muslim-student_turk.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/52adbb3a-8a5c-48c1-b482-58f8c63a5571-","author_id":"","author_name":"Manea H. Al-Hazmi","book_title":"Ateist \u00d6\u011fretmen ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00d6\u011frenci aras\u0131ndaki diyalog.","category_slug":"The-Existence-of-God","category_name":"The Existence of God"},{"id":1092,"title":"Riyazus-Salihin (T\u00fcrk\u00e7e)","slug":"riyazus-salihin-tuerkce-1432798899","image":"\/uploads\/books\/5324ae5c-95a0-406b-adda-4f95cebe88c4-\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646.jpg","hint":"

Riyazus-Salihin (Türkçe)<\/p>","arabic_notes":null,"book_text":null,"word":"\/uploads\/books\/52e92bdb-a9e0-42bf-8699-41f0cebe88c4-","pdf":"\/uploads\/books\/tk_Riad_righteous.pdf","keywords":null,"read_counter":23986,"status":1,"is_volume":0,"created_at":"2014-01-29T21:08:21.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-05-11T06:29:32.000000Z","language_id":26,"publisher_id":41,"category_id":15,"volume_id":null,"parent_id":1075,"promote":1,"volume_count":null,"volume_title":null,"order":1,"category":{"id":15,"title":"About Quran and Hadith","created_at":"2017-08-17T19:18:15.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-05-07T08:17:20.000000Z","slug":"About-Quran-and-Hadith","i18ns":[],"get_title":"About Quran and Hadith"},"authors":[{"id":301,"name":"Abu Zakaria Al-Nawawi","slug":"abu_zakaria_an_nawawi","image":"\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","role":"Author","about":"","promote":0,"status":1,"created_at":"2014-01-29T09:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2014-01-29T09:00:00.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"pivot":{"book_id":1092,"author_id":301},"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","get_name":"Abu Zakaria Al-Nawawi"}],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/5324ae5c-95a0-406b-adda-4f95cebe88c4-\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646.jpg","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/tk_Riad_righteous.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/52e92bdb-a9e0-42bf-8699-41f0cebe88c4-","author_id":"","author_name":"Abu Zakaria Al-Nawawi","book_title":"Riyazus-Salihin (T\u00fcrk\u00e7e)","category_slug":"About-Quran-and-Hadith","category_name":"About Quran and Hadith"},{"id":1062,"title":"Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-\u2019in Namaz K\u0131l\u0131\u015f \u015eekli","slug":"peygamber-sallallahu-aleyhi-ve-sellem-in-namaz-kilis-sekli-1432798899","image":"\/uploads\/books\/53525664-7868-439e-8325-4769cebe88c5-\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0649 - \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 - \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627.jpg2.jpg","hint":null,"arabic_notes":null,"book_text":null,"word":"\/uploads\/books\/52e8edcd-ee08-438e-8768-4e14cebe88c4-","pdf":"\/uploads\/books\/tk_Description_of_Prayer_Albaanee.pdf","keywords":null,"read_counter":19053,"status":1,"is_volume":0,"created_at":"2014-01-29T21:08:47.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-05-10T14:26:23.000000Z","language_id":26,"publisher_id":41,"category_id":2,"volume_id":null,"parent_id":1058,"promote":1,"volume_count":null,"volume_title":null,"order":1,"category":{"id":2,"title":"Muhammad (PBUH)","created_at":"2017-08-17T19:18:15.000000Z","updated_at":"2018-02-12T22:28:43.000000Z","slug":"Muhammad-(PBUH)","i18ns":[],"get_title":"Muhammad (PBUH)"},"authors":[{"id":162,"name":"Muhammad Naasiruddeen al-Albaanee ","slug":"muhammad_naasiruddeen_al_albaanee","image":"\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","role":"Author","about":"\u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\/\u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\r\n\r\n\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644.\r\n\r\n\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\r\n\r\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1333 \u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 1914 \u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 - \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0626\u0630 - \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0634\u062f\u0647\u0645.\r\n\r\n* \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0627\u063a\u0648 (\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627) \u0628\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.\r\n\r\n* \u0623\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642.\r\n\r\n* \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648 \u0642\u062f \u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0635 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648 \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0631.\r\n\r\n* \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0623\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0631\u0632\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627\u064b \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0623\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629.\r\n\r\n\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\r\n\r\n\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647 :\r\n\r\n\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0636\u0627 (\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647) \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\" \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a (\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.\r\n\r\n\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u063a\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u062e\u0635\u0635\u062a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \"\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f\" \u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\" \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b.\r\n\r\n\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0648 \u0642\u062f \u0632\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0628\u062b\u0647 \u0648 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629.\r\n\r\n\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u064a\u062e \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0648 \u062c\u0631\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \"\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0636\u0627\u0644\" \u0648 \u064a\u062d\u0630\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d (\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647).\r\n\r\n\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u064a\r\n\r\n\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:\r\n\r\n\u0623) \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629:\r\n\r\n- \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628.\r\n\r\n- \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646.\r\n\r\n- \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641.\r\n\r\n- \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631.\r\n\r\n- \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0633\u062f.\r\n\r\n- \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.\r\n\r\n\u0628) \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u062b\u0645 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\r\n\r\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\r\nwww.alalbany.net\r\n","promote":0,"status":1,"created_at":"2014-01-19T09:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2014-01-19T09:00:00.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"pivot":{"book_id":1062,"author_id":162},"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","get_name":"Muhammad Naasiruddeen al-Albaanee "}],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/53525664-7868-439e-8325-4769cebe88c5-\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0649 - \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 - \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627.jpg2.jpg","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/tk_Description_of_Prayer_Albaanee.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/52e8edcd-ee08-438e-8768-4e14cebe88c4-","author_id":"","author_name":"Muhammad Naasiruddeen al-Albaanee ","book_title":"Peygamber -sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem-\u2019in Namaz K\u0131l\u0131\u015f \u015eekli","category_slug":"Muhammad-(PBUH)","category_name":"Muhammad (PBUH)"},{"id":9485,"title":"Kur\u00e2n-I Kerim ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e A\u00e7iklamali Me\u00e2li","slug":"kuran-i-kerim-ve-tuerkce-aciklamali-meali-1432798922","image":"\/uploads\/books\/tuyy.jpg","hint":"

Kurân-I Kerim ve Türkçe Açiklamali Meâli Kral Fahd Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim Bas\u0131m Kompleksi<\/p>","arabic_notes":null,"book_text":null,"word":"\/uploads\/books\/53f221f4-a600-4523-b96e-2ebab8adb1fd-","pdf":"\/uploads\/books\/uk_Meanings_of_Quran_in_Turkish.pdf","keywords":null,"read_counter":36903,"status":1,"is_volume":0,"created_at":"2014-08-18T20:03:08.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-05-11T03:35:28.000000Z","language_id":26,"publisher_id":542,"category_id":15,"volume_id":null,"parent_id":9463,"promote":1,"volume_count":null,"volume_title":null,"order":1,"category":{"id":15,"title":"About Quran and Hadith","created_at":"2017-08-17T19:18:15.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-05-07T08:17:20.000000Z","slug":"About-Quran-and-Hadith","i18ns":[],"get_title":"About Quran and Hadith"},"authors":[{"id":542,"name":"www.qurancomplex.com","slug":"www_qurancomplex_com","image":"\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","role":"Publisher","about":"","promote":0,"status":1,"created_at":"2014-02-11T09:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2014-02-11T09:00:00.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"pivot":{"book_id":9485,"author_id":542},"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","get_name":"www.qurancomplex.com"}],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/tuyy.jpg","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/uk_Meanings_of_Quran_in_Turkish.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/53f221f4-a600-4523-b96e-2ebab8adb1fd-","author_id":"","author_name":"www.qurancomplex.com","book_title":"Kur\u00e2n-I Kerim ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e A\u00e7iklamali Me\u00e2li","category_slug":"About-Quran-and-Hadith","category_name":"About Quran and Hadith"},{"id":17222,"title":"Hz. \u0130s\u00e2\u2019ya Duydu\u011fum B\u00fcy\u00fck Sevgi Beni \u0130slam\u2019a Y\u00f6neltti","slug":"hz-isa-ya-duydugum-bueyuek-sevgi-beni-islam-a-yoeneltti-1461414062","image":"\/uploads\/books\/tk_my_love_for_jesus.jpg","hint":"

Hz. \u0130sâ’ya Duydu\u011fum Büyük Sevgi Beni \u0130slam’a Yöneltti<\/span><\/span><\/p>","arabic_notes":null,"book_text":null,"word":"\/uploads\/books\/571b68ae-a914-468e-a68d-68afb8adb959-tk_my_love_for_jesus.jpg","pdf":"\/uploads\/books\/tk_my_love_for_jesus.pdf","keywords":null,"read_counter":16764,"status":1,"is_volume":0,"created_at":"2016-04-23T20:05:04.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-05-10T19:08:54.000000Z","language_id":26,"publisher_id":null,"category_id":6,"volume_id":null,"parent_id":13470,"promote":1,"volume_count":null,"volume_title":null,"order":1,"category":{"id":6,"title":"Jesus (PBUH) in Islam","created_at":"2017-08-17T19:18:15.000000Z","updated_at":"2018-02-12T22:26:39.000000Z","slug":"Jesus-(PBUH)-in-Islam","i18ns":[],"get_title":"Jesus (PBUH) in Islam"},"authors":[{"id":3668,"name":"\u0633\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648","slug":"simon_alfredo_caraballo","image":"\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","role":"Author","about":"","promote":0,"status":1,"created_at":"2015-02-17T09:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2015-02-17T09:00:00.000000Z","language_id":1,"parent_id":null,"pivot":{"book_id":17222,"author_id":3668},"i18ns":[],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/users\/non-profile.jpg","get_name":"\u0633\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648"}],"image_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/tk_my_love_for_jesus.jpg","pdf_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/tk_my_love_for_jesus.pdf","word_asset":"http:\/\/www.islamland.com\/uploads\/books\/571b68ae-a914-468e-a68d-68afb8adb959-tk_my_love_for_jesus.jpg","author_id":"","author_name":"\u0633\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648","book_title":"Hz. \u0130s\u00e2\u2019ya Duydu\u011fum B\u00fcy\u00fck Sevgi Beni \u0130slam\u2019a Y\u00f6neltti","category_slug":"Jesus-(PBUH)-in-Islam","category_name":"Jesus (PBUH) in Islam"},{"id":19481,"title":"\u0130slamiyet, Hristiyanl\u0131k ve Yahudilik Dinlerindeki \u015eeriat","slug":"islamiyet-hristiyanlik-ve-yahudilik-dinlerindeki-seriat","image":"\/uploads\/books\/images\/2025\/1\/financial-marketing-book-cover-14.png","hint":"

\u0130slamiyet, Hristiyanl\u0131k ve Yahudilik Dinlerindeki \u015eeriat<\/span><\/p>","arabic_notes":null,"book_text":"

\u0130slamiyet, Hristiyanl\u0131k ve Yahudilik Dinlerindeki \u015eeriat <\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

 \u015eeyh \/ Ahmad Al-Amir <\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

Türkçeye çeviren:<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

European Islamic Research Center (EIRC)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

&<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/em> <\/em><\/strong>Yusuf Berhudar & Birsel Üstün<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

WWW.ISLAMLAND.COM<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

ÖNSÖZ<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Hamd, âlemlerin Rabbi olan Allah’a mahsustur. Salât ve selâm da kendisinden sonra peygamber gelmeyecek olan Muhammed’e, ehli beytine ve ashâb\u0131na olsun.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Bütün Kâinat'\u0131n yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, sahibi ve hâkimi olan Cenab-\u0131 Hak sonsuz âlemin dünya dedi\u011fimiz ve içinde ya\u015famakta oldu\u011fumuz bu bölümünde insan\u0131 yaratt\u0131. \u0130nsano\u011flu belirli rollere sahiptir. O halde insanlar\u0131n, Semavi Kitaplarda buyruldu\u011fu gibi yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011fa neden olmamas\u0131 için sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 bilip do\u011fru, iyi, hay\u0131rl\u0131 \u015feyler i\u015fleyip, yanl\u0131\u015f, kötü, çirkin ve \u015fer davran\u0131\u015flardan uzakla\u015fmalar\u0131 gerekir. Bunu insano\u011flunun tutkular\u0131na ba\u011flanarak yapmamas\u0131 gereken \u015feyleri geri çevirerek yasaklanm\u0131\u015f \u015feyleri yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda görebiliriz. Ama o zaman dünyay\u0131 ve gökyüzünü kötülük sarar. Ayr\u0131ca, bilinmeyen hastal\u0131klar\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131, nesil soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 sava\u015flar\u0131n yan\u0131s\u0131ra çevre ve küresel \u0131s\u0131nma gibi problemlerin ya\u015fanmas\u0131 halinde dünya insano\u011flunun üzerinde ya\u015fayamayaca\u011f\u0131 bir gezegen haline gelir. Bütün bunlar insano\u011flunun dikkatsizli\u011finden kaynaklanan sonuçlard\u0131r. Nükleer denemelerin sonucu ve insano\u011fluna fazla üretimler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu. Tüm bunlar\u0131 materyalist i\u015ftah\u0131n doyurulmas\u0131, isteklerinin gerçekle\u015fmesi ve tutkular\u0131n\u0131 tatmin etmeleri için, hatta insano\u011flu birbirlerini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lamakla paha biçmez. Bunu yapan insanlar, yoksullar\u0131n açl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile pahal\u0131 giyinmek isteyen ve kendi türünü yok etmekten zevk alanlard\u0131r. Nitekim bunu, Yüce Allah ayet-i kerimde aç\u0131kça ortaya koymaktad\u0131r:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

“\u0130nsanlar\u0131n kendi i\u015fledikleri <\/span><\/span><\/strong>(kötülükler)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>sebebiyle karada ve denizde bozulma ortaya ç\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dönmeleri için Allah, yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131 <\/span><\/span><\/strong>(kötü)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>sonuçlar\u0131n\u0131 <\/span><\/span><\/strong>(dünyada)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>onlara tatt\u0131racakt\u0131r.” <\/span><\/span><\/strong>(RÛM\/41)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Yüce Allah insanlar\u0131 bo\u015funa yaratmad\u0131 ve yard\u0131ms\u0131z b\u0131rakmad\u0131.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Nitekim bu konuda \u015föyle buyurmaktad\u0131r:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

“Sizi bo\u015funa yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve bize tekrar döndürülmeyece\u011finizi mi sand\u0131n\u0131z? Gerçek hükümdar olan Allah yücedir. Ondan ba\u015fka hiçbir ilah yoktur. O \u015ferefli ve yüce ar\u015f\u0131n Rabbidir.” <\/span><\/span><\/strong>(MÜM\u0130NUN\/115-116)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Âlemlerin Rabbi, insan\u0131 bu mevkiye getirirken, ona \u015funlar\u0131 aç\u0131kça bildirdi. Senin ve bütün kâinat\u0131n sahibi, Rabbi ve hâkimi Benim. Büyük kâinat\u0131mda sen ne tamam\u0131yla özgürsün, ne de ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n kulusun. Benden ba\u015fka tap\u0131lacak yoktur. Senin, yetkiler verilerek dünyaya gönderilmen asl\u0131nda bir s\u0131navd\u0131r. Nitekim bu yüzden Allah Teâlâ ayet-i kerimde \u015föyle buyurdu:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

“Ben insanlar\u0131 ve cinleri ancak bana ibadet etsinler diye yaratt\u0131m. Ben, onlardan bir r\u0131z\u0131k istemiyorum. Bana yedirmelerini de istemiyorum. \u015eüphesiz Allah r\u0131z\u0131k verendir, güçlüdür, çok kuvvetlidir.” <\/span><\/span><\/strong>(ZAR\u0130YAT\/56-58)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

Ayr\u0131ca, Yüce Allah insan vücuduna gerekli olan güç kaynaklar\u0131 verece\u011fini aç\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla ilgili Ayet-i kerimede Allah Teâlâ \u015föyle buyurmaktad\u0131r:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

“Ey iman edenler! E\u011fer siz ancak Allah'a kulluk ediyorsan\u0131z, size verdi\u011fimiz r\u0131z\u0131klar\u0131n iyi ve temizlerinden yiyin ve Allah'a \u015fükredin.’’ <\/span><\/span><\/strong>(BAKARA\/ 172)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Ayr\u0131ca Yüce Allah insan ruhuna laz\u0131m olan hayati kuvveti verece\u011fini, inanç olmadan huzuru bulamayacaklar\u0131n\u0131, Yaradana ibadet etmeden dinlenemeyeceklerini ve O’nun mevzuatlar\u0131n\u0131 uygulamadan istikrar\u0131 kazanamayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 da ayet-i kerimde buyurmu\u015ftu:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

“Onlar, inananlar ve kalpleri Allah'\u0131 anmakla huzura kavu\u015fanlard\u0131r. Biliniz ki, kalpler ancak Allah'\u0131 anmakla huzur bulur.’’ <\/span><\/span><\/strong>(RA’D\/ 28)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Böylece insano\u011flunu tek Yüce Allah’a ibadet etmelerini emreder ve Rabbimiz kullar\u0131na elçilerini de göndermekle insano\u011flunu do\u011fruya ve Hakk’a davet ettirdi. Böylelikle insano\u011fluna neden yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutmamas\u0131 için Yüce Allah elçilerine buyruklar\u0131n\u0131 ve mesajlar\u0131n\u0131 iletti; hayâl\u0131n gerçek kanunlar\u0131n\u0131 anlam ve yollar\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden insanlar\u0131 do\u011fru yola getirmekle görevlendirildi. Nitekim Allah Teâlâ \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

“\u0130nsanlar tek bir ümmetti. Allah, müjdeciler ve uyar\u0131c\u0131lar olarak peygamberler gönderdi ve beraberlerinde, insanlar\u0131n anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa dü\u015ftükleri \u015feyler konusunda, aralar\u0131nda hüküm vermek üzere kitaplar\u0131 hak olarak indirdi. Kendilerine apaç\u0131k ayetler geldikten sonra o konuda ancak; kitap verilenler, aralar\u0131ndaki k\u0131skançl\u0131k yüzünden anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa dü\u015ftüler. Bunun üzerine Allah iman edenleri, kendi izniyle, onlar\u0131n hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011fa dü\u015ftükleri gerçe\u011fe iletti. Allah diledi\u011fini do\u011fru yola iletir’’<\/span><\/span><\/strong> (BAKARA\/213)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Sonunda Âlemlerin Rabbi, Muhammed (<\/span>\ufdfa<\/span>) i görevlendirdi. Bu yeni ve son peygamberin muhataplar\u0131 hem Arap halk\u0131, hem geçmi\u015f peygamberlerin yollar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f ümmetler idi. Görevi, herkesi do\u011fruya ve hakka davet etmek, Allah (<\/span>\ufdfb<\/span>)'a döndürmekti. Davetini kabul edenleri de, kendi ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 Allah'\u0131n emrine göre düzenleyecek ve ayn\u0131 zamanda bütün dünyan\u0131n \u0131slah\u0131 için mücadele edecek bir ümmete dönü\u015ftürecekti, kabul etmeyenler ise yanl\u0131\u015f yola meylederek hatalara dü\u015fecektir. Nitekim Yüce Allah \u015föyle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

’’Gerçekten bu Kur'an en do\u011fru olan yola götürür ve iyi i\u015fler yapan mü'minler için büyük bir mükâfat oldu\u011funu ve ahirete inanmayanlar için elem dolu bir azap haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 müjdeler. \u0130nsan, hayr\u0131n gelmesine dua etti\u011fi gibi, kötülü\u011fün gelmesine de dua eder. \u0130nsan pek acelecidir.’’ <\/span><\/span><\/strong>(\u0130SRA\/ 9-10-11)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Bu do\u011fru yolu izleyen ve onunla ilgili olan herkesi ve her\u015feyi kapsamaktad\u0131r. Böylelikle, tüm insano\u011flunu, co\u011frafi çerçevede zaman s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 olmayan tüm insan nesillerini ihtiva ederek do\u011fru yolu bulabilmesi için gerekli hay\u0131rl\u0131 \u015feyler her zaman her yerde verilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Kur'an-\u0131 Kerim, insan\u0131n iç ve d\u0131\u015f unsurlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, duygu ile davran\u0131\u015f aras\u0131nda, inanç ve amelleri aras\u0131ndaki birle\u015fimde en do\u011fru yolu gösterendir. Bütün bunlar inanç ile s\u0131k\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Amelleri ise ibadet eden insan ruhu yerde durabilmek için u\u011fra\u015fmakla beraber \u015fayet bu dünyevi mallar\u0131n tad\u0131n\u0131 ç\u0131karmak bile olsa da, Yüce Allaha yak\u0131nla\u015fman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 ö\u011frenmektedir.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Görev ve f\u0131rsat\u0131 dengelemek için \u0130badet etme dünyas\u0131nda Kur'an-\u0131 Kerim en do\u011fru yolu gösterendir. Bu nedenle, insan ruhuna yüklenmi\u015f görevler zor de\u011fildir ve yerine getirilmesi yorgunlu\u011fa, hüsranl\u0131\u011fa yol açmaz. Ayr\u0131ca, büyük ölçüde hafifletme uyu\u015fukluk ve ihmalkârl\u0131\u011fa yol açarak, yüksek hedefleri ve adaleti göz ard\u0131 eder.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Kur'an-\u0131 Kerim insanlar aras\u0131ndaki davran\u0131\u015f ve ili\u015fkide, birey ile e\u015f, hükümdar ile halk, devlet ile cinsiyet aras\u0131ndaki do\u011fru yolu gösterendir. Bu tür ili\u015fkiler güçlü bir temel üzerinde kurularak görü\u015f ile tutkudan etkilenmeden, sevgi ile nefret, menfaat ile hedefler üstüne ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Her \u015feyi bilen (el -Âlim) ve mülkünde olup biten her \u015feyden haberdar olan Yüce Allah kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ili\u015fkileri temel üzerinde kurarak onlara (insano\u011fluna) neyin yararl\u0131 oldu\u011funu daha iyi ö\u011fretendir. Bu nedenle, Kur'an-\u0131 Kerim devlet sistemi, mali, kamusal ve uluslararas\u0131 sistemde insanl\u0131k için en do\u011fru yolu gösteren ve uygun oland\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Kur'an-\u0131 Kerim tüm ilahi dinler ve aralar\u0131ndaki ba\u011flarda do\u011fru yolu gösterendir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda içinde indirilen yasaklar\u0131 (ilahi kitaplar) koruyarak insano\u011flunun birbirleriyle bar\u0131\u015f ve anla\u015fma içinde ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

“Gerçekten bu Kur'an en do\u011fru olan yola götürür ve iyi i\u015fler yapan mü'minler için büyük bir mükafat oldu\u011funu ve ahirete inanmayanlar için elem dolu bir azap haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 müjdeler.” <\/span><\/span><\/strong>(\u0130SRA\/9-10)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

\u0130nsano\u011flunu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ameller için cezaland\u0131rmas\u0131 konusunda temel kural\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nsan\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 inanç ve iyi ameller üzerinde yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle, amelsiz inanç yoktur, inançs\u0131z amel yoktur. Birinci olarak da ikisi birbirini tamamlayacak ve destekleyecektir. Ancak bu iki bile\u015fen yard\u0131m\u0131yla hayat do\u011fru yönde ilerler ve Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim’in yard\u0131m\u0131yla bu iki ilkenin arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla do\u011fru yol gösterilmektedir. Do\u011fru yoldan sapanlara gelirsek onlar insani tutkular\u0131n\u0131n rahmetine b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130nsan acelecidir, onun için neyin iyi oldu\u011funu veya kötü oldu\u011funu ve ona zararl\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen duygular\u0131n\u0131 tutmas\u0131n\u0131 bilmeyendir. Yüce Allah, bunun hakk\u0131nda da \u015föyle buyurmaktad\u0131r:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

’’\u0130nsan hayra dua eder gibi \u015ferre dua eder. \u0130nsan çok acelecidir.’’ <\/span><\/span><\/strong>(\u0130SRA\/ 11)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Çünkü insan kendi kaderini ve sonucunu bilmedi\u011fi için kötü amel yapmaya acele ederek itaatsizli\u011fini sürdürebilir. Peki, bu bize do\u011fru yolu gösteren Kur’an-\u0131 Kerime kar\u015f\u0131 gelmek de\u011fil midir?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Bu \u0130slami kanundur. Geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 insan yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana tüm sorunlar\u0131 çözebilmek için uygun olmu\u015ftur ve olmaktad\u0131r, denildi\u011fi gibi “Hakikat dü\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n teyit etti\u011fi \u015feydir.’’ Bu nedenle, adaletli gayrimüslim oryantalistler \u015fahsen gizleyemedikleri hakikati belirtirler. Böylece onlar\u0131n sözlerini kendi halklar\u0131na (gayrimüslimlere) kan\u0131t olarak bahsedece\u011fiz. Belki de bu sözleri önyarg\u0131l\u0131 olmayan kalplere duyurabiliriz. Sonunda onlardan saklanm\u0131\u015f hakikatin mevzuat\u0131n\u0131 ö\u011frenerek kalplerini açarlar.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

William Montgomery Watt: “Kur’an-\u0131 Kerimin talimatlar\u0131; Araplar\u0131n dünya çap\u0131nda ve evrensel niteli\u011fini d\u0131\u015flamadan, yak\u0131ndan ilgilendiriyor. Ayr\u0131ca bu, ba\u015flang\u0131çta Medine’den Mekke sakinlerine \u0130slam’\u0131 gönderirken dünya çap\u0131nda ilkelerini belirlemek için engel olmuyor. Çünkü ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri içeri\u011fi evrenseldi.’’<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Dedi ki: “Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim Arapça olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen büyük bir kabul gördü, çünkü insan sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n çözümünü içeriyordu.”<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Buna ek olarak: “\u0130slam dini, kendisini pratik olarak iki eski dinden (Musevilik ve Hristiyanl\u0131k) ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak kurdu.” Ve hakikat hakk\u0131nda \u015funu söylemeliyiz: “Asl\u0131nda onlar\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131 ya da asl\u0131nda onlardan yüksekti ya da çok daha yüksekti.’’<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Aç\u0131kças\u0131 \u0130slam hukuku tüm di\u011fer kanunlardan farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Kendi türündeki tek yasad\u0131r. \u0130slam \u015eeriat\u0131 Kur’an-\u0131n yönlerini düzenleyen \u0130lahi bir emirdir.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Bu bizim dinimiz, bizim \u015feriat\u0131m\u0131zd\u0131r. Umuyoruz ki tüm insanlar bunu kabul eder, çünkü insanlara merhamet olarak gönderildi. Sonuç olarak bu kitab\u0131 okuyacak olan gayrimüslimlere \u015funu demek isterim ki Yüce Allah buyurmu\u015f ki:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

’’\u0130\u015fte sizler, Allah yolunda harcamaya ça\u011fr\u0131l\u0131yorsunuz. Ama içinizden cimrilik yapanlar var. Kim cimrilik yaparsa ancak kendi zarar\u0131na cimrilik yapm\u0131\u015f olur. Allah her bak\u0131mdan s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z zengindir, siz ise fakirsiniz. E\u011fer ondan yüz çevirecek olursan\u0131z, yerinize ba\u015fka bir toplum getirir de onlar sizin gibi olmazlar.’’ <\/span><\/span><\/strong>(MUHAMMED\/38)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Abd Ar-Rahman \u0130bn Abd Al-Kerim<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n

B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 BÖLÜM<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

\u015eeriat kelimesinin tarifi<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n